scholarly journals One measure to measure them all? Commentary on "Ten steps toward a better personality science"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Tobias Horstmann ◽  
Matthias Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Open Materials

Leising and colleagues (2021) proposed ten steps to improve personality research. We agree with most of these steps and even more with the desired goals but disagree with the proposition to use exactly one measure for one construct. Keeping the same goals in mind, we suggest an alternative solution, based on open data and open materials. An online repository that contains items and data, additional information about the scale (e.g., mode of collection), and information about the sample (e.g., age, culture), would (1) allow detecting jingle-jangle-fallacies, (2) the development of new and useful measures, (3) provide the opportunity to develop equivalent measures based on different items, and (4) could, eventually, still culminate in one measure for one construct. Ideally, each scale used would, in the long run, be identified by an unambiguous identifier that, when submitted to our suggested repository, could recreate the scale, and provide additional, relevant psychometric information.

TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION AND ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE — A CASE-BASED APPROACH

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250007 ◽  
Author(s):  
JÜRGEN EICHBERGER ◽  
ANI GUERDJIKOVA
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Technology Learning ◽  
The Public ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Technological Adaptation ◽  
Long Run

We present a model of technological adaptation in response to a change in climate conditions. The main feature of the model is that new technologies are not just risky, but also ambiguous. Pessimistic agents are thus averse to adopting a new technology. Learning is induced by optimists, who are willing to try out technologies about which there is little evidence available. We show that both optimists and pessimists are crucial for a successful adaptation. While optimists provide the public good of information which gives pessimists an incentive to innovate, pessimists choose the new technology persistently in the long-run which increases the average returns for the society. Hence, the optimal share of optimists in the society is strictly positive. When the share of optimists in the society is too low, innovation is slow and the obtained steady-state is inefficient. We discuss two policies which can potentially alleviate this inefficiency: Subsidies and provision of additional information. We show that if precise and relevant information is available, pessimists would be willing to pay for it and consequently adopt the new technology. Hence, providing information might be a more efficient policy, which is both self-financing and results in better social outcomes.

scholarly journals DYNAMIC EFFECTS OF REMITTANCES ON EXTERNAL RESERVES IN NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF INFLATION AND STRUCTURAL BREAKS

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-141
Author(s):  
E. A. OLUBIYI ◽  
A. RAHEEM ◽  
A. A. ADEMOKOYA
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Flexible Exchange Rate ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Floating Exchange Rate ◽  
Short Run

This study provides additional information about the drivers of external reserves in Nigeria.  The result using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model estimation approach for the period 1980-2015 shows that remittances, among other macroeconomic variables, increased external reserves in the short run but weakens it in the long run. Remittances depletes external reserves through its effect on inflation rate and the nonsterilized intervention of the Central Bank.  Furthermore, regime shift to relatively floating exchange rate causes remittances to increase reserves.  From the foregoing, it is important for the authorities to continue operating relatively flexible exchange rate, and curtail excessive spending of remittances.   Keywords: , , , , . JEL Classification: F31, F24, C22, F31  

The Inequality of Pay in Pre-modern Germany, Late 15th Century to 1889

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Pfister
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Modern Germany ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Modern Era

Abstract The study explores relative labour scarcity in a broad range of activities and relates it to the long-run dynamics of structural change, supply and demand of human capital, and the inequality between men and women. It builds on two recent compilations of wage data and complements these with additional information, particularly on wages in agriculture. From the second quarter of the seventeenth century the skill premium was stable; the first phase of industrialization did not lead to a differentiation of the individual return to human capital. Labour demand from the modern sector stabilized real wages of males from the second quarter of the eighteenth century at least and increased them from the mid-1850s onwards. This opened a wedge between the agricultural and the non-agricultural sectors already for considerable time before the beginnings of industrialization. Finally, the modern era saw two phases of labour market segmentation along gender lines, one in the later sixteenth and the early seventeenth centuries, the other from the 1840s to the 1870s.

scholarly journals Factor structure of intelligence and divergent thinking subtests: A registered report

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251268
Author(s):  
Russell T. Warne ◽  
Sam Golightly ◽  
Makai Black
Keyword(s):  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Intelligence Test ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Suitable Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Open Materials

Psychologists have investigated creativity for 70 years, and it is now seen as being an important construct, both scientifically and because of its practical value to society. However, several fundamental unresolved problems persist, including a suitable definition of creativity and the ability of psychometric tests to measure divergent thinking—an important component of creativity—in a way that aligns with theory. It is this latter point that this registered report is designed to address. We propose to administer two divergent thinking tests (the verbal and figural versions of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking; TTCT) with an intelligence test (the International Cognitive Ability Resource test; ICAR). We will then subject the subscores from these tests to confirmatory factor analysis to test which of nine theoretically plausible models best fits the data. When this study is completed, we hope to better understand whether the degree to which the TTCT and ICAR measure distinct constructs. This study will be conducted in accordance with all open science practices, including pre-registration, open data and syntax, and open materials (with the exception of copyrighted and confidential test stimuli).

scholarly journals Transparency, Documentation, and Open Science

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 199-200
Author(s):  
Derek Isaacowitz
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Sample Size Justification ◽  
Open Materials ◽  
Do So

Abstract Some GSA journals are especially interested in promoting transparency and open science practices, reflecting how some subdisciplines in aging are moving toward open science practices faster than others. In this talk, I will consider the transparency and open science practices that seem most relevant to aging researchers, such as preregistration, open data, open materials and code, sample size justification and analytic tools for considering null effects. I will also discuss potential challenges to implementing these practices as well as reasons why it is important to do so despite these challenges. The focus will be on pragmatic suggestions for researchers planning and conducting studies now that they hope to publish later.

scholarly journals METHODS FROM INFORMATION EXTRACTION FROM LIDAR INTENSITY DATA AND MULTISPECTRAL LIDAR TECHNOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 1503-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Scaioni ◽  
B. Höfle ◽  
A. P. Baungarten Kersting ◽  
L. Barazzetti ◽  
M. Previtali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Extraction ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Geometric Information ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Modern Technologies

LiDAR is a consolidated technology for topographic mapping and 3D reconstruction, which is implemented in several platforms On the other hand, the exploitation of the geometric information has been coupled by the use of laser intensity, which may provide additional data for multiple purposes. This option has been emphasized by the availability of sensors working on different wavelength, thus able to provide additional information for classification of surfaces and objects. Several applications ofmonochromatic and multi-spectral LiDAR data have been already developed in different fields: geosciences, agriculture, forestry, building and cultural heritage. The use of intensity data to extract measures of point cloud quality has been also developed. The paper would like to give an overview on the state-of-the-art of these techniques, and to present the modern technologies for the acquisition of multispectral LiDAR data. In addition, the ISPRS WG III/5 on ‘Information Extraction from LiDAR Intensity Data’ has collected and made available a few open data sets to support scholars to do research on this field. This service is presented and data sets delivered so far as are described.

Open government data (OGD) in six Middle East countries: an evaluation of the national open data portals

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuti Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Government Data

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to do provide an overview of open government data (OGD) frameworks in six Middle East countries (Cyprus, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, Lebanon and Jordan) and to underscore the barriers in using the open data sets.Design/methodology/approachOGD framework offered by Sieber and Johnson (2015) is deployed for the present purpose. Primarily, documentary analysis is being used for substantiating the study and the national portals of the six countries are investigated.FindingsIn line with the frameworks chosen for this study, OGD initiatives across the six Middle East countries are at an emerging phase. All the six countries qualify for the “data over the wall” model as advanced by Sieber and Johnson (2015), wherein there are basic provisions of “data aggregation.” Furthermore, the data are incomplete and outdated, which serve as barriers in using these data sets for analysis and interpretation. Therefore, there are a number of barriers in using the open data sets. However, there are many prospects for using these data sets which would improve public accountability and transparency in the long run.Practical implicationsBesides helping in improved decision-making, the governments may be in a better position to appreciate the relevance of adopting a robust OGD initiative in facilitating the economic growth of their country.Social implicationsThis study is relevant for ensuring that citizen engagement is promoted and there is co-creation of public value.Originality/valueHitherto, OGD has been investigated in the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries (Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates) but the other countries in Middle East have not been investigated. This study selects six countries outside the GCC ambit and investigates the nature and scope of OGD initiatives in each of them apart from underlining the barriers in using the open data sets.

scholarly journals Attention to the Fads and Fashions in the Indian Stock Markets During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 097226292110025
Author(s):  
Paritosh Chandra Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Online Search ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽  
Arch Effect ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Search Data ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Online Searches

Do people show fads and fashions in their attention searches? With the Google online search data during COVID-19, particularly from January to May 2020 for the socio-economic keywords, this study examines if online searches show short-run and long-run attention dynamics leading to fads and fashions in attention to the NSE Nifty and BSE Sensex indices. This study employs the methodology of cointegrating relationship with autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and explains investors’ attention search dynamics at the ‘NSE Nifty Index’ and ‘BSE Sensex Index’ caused by socio-economic attention searches. It also examines if the dynamics of attention coordination are parsimonious in nature and it explores the same with the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (GARCH-X) model. With the ARDL models, this study finds robust and unbiased cointegrating impacts of socio-economic attention searches on the attention search for the NSE Nifty index but these are not the best linear unbiased and efficient (BLUE) ones, while the same on the BSE Sensex Index are BLUE. For the NSE Nifty index, the attention dynamics at the GARCH-X specification are BLUE while for the BSE Sensex index, the GARCH-X specification also has some additional information in terms of the ARCH effect only.

КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЭКСПЕРТА-КОНФЛИКТОЛОГА

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
A. N. Girnyk
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Conflict Situation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Concrete Case ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Run

The article reviews the peculiarities of an expert-conflictologist's practice. The importance of the estimation of the client's expertise needs is analyzed through concrete case histories to correctly choose objectives of the expertise that influence the further content and structure of the expert-conflictologist's activities. The article describes some of the obstacles encountered by the expert that are posed by the people involved in the conflict. The author gives the recommendations as to how to manage communications between the expert and the respondents, as well as with the other sources of important information. It is pointed out that the manner of communication of the expert and the people involved in the conflict should not lead to the deterioration of the current situation or to the uncontrolled influence on it, that is, the expert while choosing the techniques and methods of the research should be guided by the principle aimed at minimizing the interference. The article also surveys the specifics of conducting the conflict resolution expertise in the region, as well as the necessity for the expert to directly communicate with the customer- as the decision maker to influence the situation- to specify the objectives of the expertise. The author suggests the stages for the expert's activities to guide the expert. The article reviews the peculiarities of the sociological survey that accompanies the conflict situation in the region. The practicability for the focus group questionnaires before the group interview to provide their repeated filtration for the additional information is proved. The specifics of conducting the focus group with the local 'public opinion leaders' are considered. The importance of maintaining the confidentiality of the results of the expertise upon its completion and simultaneously the possibility — with the customer's permission — to publish some of its results after a certain period of time are pointed out. The author deems it expedient to standardize the conflict resolution expertise and to turn it into the procedure with controllable completeness, reliability, and accuracy. The communicative aspects are considered to be of prime importance in the activities of the expert-conflictologist, and the ones that in the long run will guarantee the successful conducting of the expertise from formulating its tasks to their implementation.

scholarly journals Open Science in Education Sciences

2020 ◽  
pp. 002221942094526
Author(s):  
Wilhelmina van Dijk ◽  
Christopher Schatschneider ◽  
Sara A. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Open Science ◽  
The Public ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Education Science ◽  
Science Movement ◽  
Open Materials

The Open Science movement has gained considerable traction in the last decade. The Open Science movement tries to increase trust in research results and open the access to all elements of a research project to the public. Central to these goals, Open Science has promoted five critical tenets: Open Data, Open Analysis, Open Materials, Preregistration, and Open Access. All Open Science elements can be thought of as extensions to the traditional way of achieving openness in science, which has been scientific publication of research outcomes in journals or books. Open Science in education sciences, however, has the potential to be much more than a safeguard against questionable research. Open Science in education science provides opportunities to (a) increase the transparency and therefore replicability of research and (b) develop and answer research questions about individuals with learning disabilities and learning difficulties that were previously impossible to answer due to complexities in data analysis methods. We will provide overviews of the main tenets of Open Science (i.e., Open Data, Open Analysis, Open Materials, Preregistration, and Open Access), show how they are in line with grant funding agencies’ expectations for rigorous research processes, and present resources on best practices for each of the tenets.

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