ACTIVATION OF MENTAL ACTIVITY AS A PEDAGOGICAL CONDITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF SENIOR PRESCHOOLERS

Рассматривается вопрос развития познавательной активности детей старшего дошкольного возраста. Развитие данного вида активности зависит от ряда факторов, среди которых можно выделить и педагогические условия. Одним из эффективных педагогических условий выступает максимальная опора на активную мыслительную деятельность детей. Данное условие сподвигает педагогов на применение в образовательной деятельности с детьми разнообразных ситуаций, порождающих у них интеллектуальное затруднение и, как следствие, потребность разрешить и выйти из него. Показано, что данные ситуации могут быть представлены в виде кейсов (кейс-стади), эвристической беседы, «сильных» (открытых, проблемных) вопросов и др. Приведены практические примеры предлагаемых методов стимулирования познавательной активности детей. The issue of the development of cognitive activity of senior preschoolers is considered. The development of this type of activity depends on a number of factors, among which pedagogical conditions can be distinguished. One of the effective pedagogical conditions for the development of the cognitive activity of older preschoolers is the maximum reliance on the active mental activity of children. The types of problem situations are listed: 1) situationchoice; 2) a situation of uncertainty; 3) conflict situation; 4) situation-paradox; 5) the situation with the hypothesis; 6) situation with the refutation; 7) situation-inconsistency. It is noted that the tension of an older preschooler of intellectual forces to solve tasks or search for an answer to a question is the basis for the development of his mental activity, cognitive interest and the manifestation of activity. The use of situations and questions of a problematic nature by the teacher in work with children of senior preschool age contributes to the intensification of the mental activity of children, thereby increasing their activity in the process of searching for new knowledge and information, the formation of new skills in the cognitive sphere. At the same time, the proposed methods should be used by the teacher not separately from each other, but in aggregate, since they complement each other, involving collective discussion of situations by children and the search for answers, problem solving, and productive cognitive activity. This article provides practical examples of proposed methods to stimulate children’s cognitive activity.

Evaluation of the enterprise strategy by the game theory method

The choice of strategy ensures the formation of a certain option that provides a detailed analysis of situations that may arise in the future. As in the game, where each of the participants plans their actions, predicting the actions of other players and the general conditions of situations that may arise as a result of these actions. You should pay attention to the probability of committing players and the probability of a certain situation. It is clear that this is a prediction of a situation that has not yet occurred, but occurred in accordance with the probability of the strategy in the implementation of the actions of each of the participants associated with the risk. The application of the principles, methods and tools of game theory will make it possible to form a complete plan of action in all situations that are expected to occur. The developed action plan of the participants (players, subjects) in accordance with the whole set of situations and possible developments in them, forms a strategy. Game theory is based on the application by each participant of a single strategy, which is a certain algorithm of actions, not a list of them. Such an algorithm, due to its branches, should reflect the possibility of occurrence and development of events and situations. The article proposes methods of selecting and evaluating enterprise strategies through the application of game theory, which will take into account the strategies of competitors (other participants in the conflict situation) or the state of "nature", which embodies the environment of enterprises. The article considers the advantages and disadvantages of using game theory methods to evaluate enterprise strategies, classifies and compares the types of these methods to clarify the peculiarities of their application in certain situations, the peculiarities of the application of strategy selection criteria in this scope.

Simulation model as a tool for handling equipment operation diagnostics

Efficiency of handling equipment reduces the service time of vehicles arriving at the container terminal. A simulation model of the operation of handling equipment allows reducing the time for diagnosis handling technique with its failure. The model constructed by means of apparatus of Petri Nets the formalism of Petri Nets provides the precision of definitions and reflects the structural and logical connection of the simulated events. The visualization and simplicity of Petri Nets allows the technician has no special training to use these models. This paper examines the reach stacker model, these types of machines that used in container terminals. A Petri Net simulating the operation of the reach stacker – hierarchical, has a built-in network positions. Hierarchy of networks identified position to ensure secure operation techniques, conflict situation, and analyzed solutions. Position having the chips are nodes, which can cause failures.

METHODS FOR RESOLVING CONFLICTS IN AN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION AND THE ROLE OF A LEADER IN CONFLICT MANAGEMENT

The article presents the structural methods of resolving conflict situations, methods of managing an acute conflict situation, tactical styles of behavior of the parties involved in the conflict; the analysis of situations in which the head of an educational organization is a direct participant in the conflict is presented, his ability to influence the development of conflict confrontation, to manage the resolution of disagreements remain preferable; Tips have been prepared that can help reduce the stress of educational workers.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN SERBIAN ENCLAVES IN REGION OF KOSOVO AND METOHIA: POST-CONFLICT SITUATION AND POSSIBLE MODERATING FUNCTION OF EC SMALL ENTERPRISES REGULATION

On the sample of 84 Serbian companies which operate on Kosovo territory (Serbian enclaves) in post-conflict situation we want to find out which factors are crucial for their survival and success. Also we want to find out is EU regulatory document for small enterprises helpful for them in this situation. We did not find EU document helpful in this situation. The results have confirmed that the enterprises are aware that expanding the market range is the only real and sustainable method of developing their activities. The key limiting factor in expanding the market range is the unfair competition. Furthermore, we are particularly pleased with the fact that enterprises from the northern part of Kosovo and Metohia are aware of the importance of innovative activities, and they realized that in contemporary business world it is possible to survive and grow in the market only by developing and introducing innovations. There are no universal solutions in a post-conflict situations. Search for ideal solution for developing the entrepreneur activities and it depends on the combination of social/political, institutional, cultural and economic aspects.

Russia-Belarus wargames reinforce key messages

Significance In reality, the two armies remain separate because of Lukashenka's past opposition to hosting Russian troops permanently, though, as he noted, they are poised to collaborate in any conflict situation. This cooperation was showcased in the Zapad-2021 military exercises held on September 10-16 which combined training, demonstrations of military capability and political signalling. Impacts Conclusions drawn from Zapad-2021 will further expand Russian-Belarusian military cooperation, though not to the extent sought by Moscow. Lukashenka says Belarus will soon receive Russian fighter jets, helicopters and air defence systems. Zapad-2021 showcased Russia's desire to engage with foreign militaries: Indian troops participated while China and Pakistan sent observers.

THE CONFLICTOGENIC PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH THE COMPONENTS БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ)

The purpose of the article is to characterize the conflictogenic phraseological units with the components БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ). The object of study is Ukrainian-language phraseological units with the components БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ) to denote conflict communication. The subject of research is the quantitative and qualitative classification of the conflictogenic phraseological units with the components БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ). Among the applied research methods: descriptive (for selection, classification and characteristics of the studied phraseology), linguo-cultural (to determine the cultural content of the lexical components БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ)), contextual analysis (to characterize the contextual environment of the studied phraseology), distributive analysis (for segmentation of conflict communication texts and identification of relevant phraseological units within them). Conflictogenic phraseological units with the components БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ) – stable figurative expressions with evaluative connotations, used in various situations of conflict communication. It can be stated that the dichotomy ‘good / evil’ between these ethnoculturally significant tokens is erased, leveled – all the phraseological units that contain them in their component composition appear mostly negative. The largest group among the recorded phraseology with the component БОГ is formed focused on the expression of various negative feelings towards someone or something (dissatisfaction in particular); "middle" groups form phraseological units that express: warnings in the process of conflict; characteristics of a mentally handicapped person who is unable to act as an adequate subject of a conflict situation; a sense of agreement in a conflict situation; with the help of one phraseological unit several different feelings at the same time, mostly of a negative plan; threat; cruelty of behavior; singly used phraseological units with a component БОГ express: meaningless communication; categorical objection during communication; ridicule in the process of communication; feelings of despair in a conflict situation; feelings of affect in a conflict situation; harassment; an appeal to shame after a conflict situation. The largest share among the recorded phraseology with the component БІС is formed by focusing on the expression of various negative feelings towards someone or something; the middle position is occupied by phraseology, which expresses: a sharp reluctance to interact with someone (something), to communicate; complete denial in the process of conflict; indifference, reconciliation with the conflict situation; single phraseological units with the component БІС are used as a curse and as a sign of inexpediency, nonsense. In the future – a multifaceted, comprehensive analysis of other groups of the conflictogenic phraseological units of the Ukrainian language.

CONFLICTS IN THE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL: FROM THE FIGHT AGAINST BULLYING TO RESOLVING DEVELOPMENT CONTRADICTIONS

This paper is about socio-psychological features of conflicts in the new Ukrainian school. Based on the study, systematization of existing scientific definitions of «conflict(s)» and the possibility of their use in the new Ukrainian school. Paper proposes the author's understanding of conflict as contradictions actualized in the minds and interactions of participants of the educational process those change the system of attitudes and do not allow participants to coexist unchanged, but encourage the transformation of conflicting positions, goals, interests, attitudes, etc. Constructive forces, possibilities of dialectical and causal conflicts to be resolved in the new Ukrainian school have been identified. Based on the results of a systematic analysis of structural and dynamic characteristics, a model of the conflict in an educational institution (school) has been developed, which assumes the subjectivity of human perception of existing objective contradictions, the use of human cognitive activity determined by conflict. The psychological content of the concept of «conflict situation» is clarified as a subjective interpretation of reality by any of the parties to the conflict, or the objectification of interaction by the parties to the conflict, or someone else. Members of the bullying commission are asked to use the definition of «conflict situation» as a structural unit in which all the attributes of the conflict (temporal and spatial boundaries are determined by the period of time for which there are no qualitative changes in the conflict) are presented. According to the results of an empirical study using the methodology available in psychological science, a description of the conflicts in the new Ukrainian school is given.

Some Moral and Ethical Problems of Conducting Investigative Actions Involving Representatives of Ethnic Minorities in Criminal Proceedings

The article focuses on ethical problems of ordering and conducting investigation search activities that, due to the dominant type of activity, include a forensic examination of a dead body and exhumation, and involve representatives of some ethnicities and ethnic groups. It is stated that although these investigative actions are in some cases obligatory, the investigation does not always have an opportunity to carry them out due to active counteraction of the deceased person’s relatives connected with the necessity of observing ethnic-religious rites and traditions on preserving and burying the body. The authors analyze the subjective significance of observing moral and ethical norms for the victims and other representatives of the diaspora, explain the position taken by the relatives, outline the consequences of ignoring these ethnic-religious norms. Based on the necessity of resolving a conflict situation, they offer recommendations on overcoming it though specially developed tactical steps.

Congitive conflict mahasiswa pada penyelesaian masalah matematika

In solving math problems, cognitive conflict can take many forms, for example: when students' expectations are proven wrong when solving a problem; and arise as a result of educators or other students expressing opposing opinions. The research aims to: 1) Describe student errors when solving math problems, and 2) To describe students' cognitive conflicts in solving mathematical problems. This research is a qualitative research with a case study research strategy. The subjects of this study were fourth semester students of mathematics tadris IAIN Tulungagung. The research instrument consisted of test questions and interview guidelines. Subjects were asked to work on problems individually and based on their work, then an interview was conducted to determine their thought processes and cognitive conflicts. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Student errors when solving math problems, especially integrals, include: students do not understand the use of the symmetry theorem, and the use of types of functions, 2) Cognitive conflicts that occur in mathematics tadris students of IAIN Tulungagung in solving math problems include; a) conflict between conception and conception. When the subject sees that the final result is not the same, the cognitive conflict situation experienced will encourage their cognitive ability to seek justification, confirmation or verification of their opinion. b) conflict between conception and outcome. The subject uses his conception by producing an area value that is not in accordance with his expectations, including area values that are negative and zero.