scholarly journals Pricing decisions in peer-to-peer and prosumer-centred electricity markets: Experimental analysis in Germany and the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf J.J. Hahnel ◽  
Michael James Fell
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
The United Kingdom

Prosumer-centred electricity market models such as peer-to-peer communities can enable optimized supply and demand of locally generated electricity as well as an active participation of citizens in the energy transition. An important element of active participation is the improved ability of community members to identify and choose who they transact with in a much more granular way than is usual. Despite this key novelty and the social core of prosumer-centred markets, little is known about how citizens would trade with different actors involved in the system. Here, we report a preregistered cross-national experiment in which we investigated individual trading preferences in a peer-to-peer community, including a variety of private and non-private trading actors. Our data from the United Kingdom (n=441) and Germany (n=440) shows that set buying and selling prices strongly vary, pointing to three systematically different trading strategies that individuals apply as a function of involved trading actor. Findings moreover reveal that trading decisions are determined by individuals’ political orientation, place attachment, and climate change beliefs as well as individual differences in trust in the involved trading actor. Finally, our results illustrate high consistency in trading preferences across nations. However, nation-level differences emerged when decisions were made publicly visible, emphasising the need to consider context-effects in peer-to-peer system design. Our results have implications for the development of prosumer-centred energy models and the design of interventions to increase citizen participation across national contexts.

scholarly journals Credible Peer-to-Peer Trading with Double-Layer Energy Blockchain Network in Distributed Electricity Markets

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 1815
Author(s):  
Longze Wang ◽  
Yu Xie ◽  
Delong Zhang ◽  
Jinxin Liu ◽  
Siyu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
Energy Trading ◽  
Contract Performance ◽  
Trading Model ◽  
Consensus Information ◽  
Available Information

Blockchain-based peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading is one of the most viable solutions to incentivize prosumers in distributed electricity markets. However, P2P energy trading through an open-end blockchain network is not conducive to mutual credit and the privacy protection of stakeholders. Therefore, improving the credibility of P2P energy trading is an urgent problem for distributed electricity markets. In this paper, a novel double-layer energy blockchain network is proposed that stores private trading data separately from publicly available information. This blockchain network is based on optimized cross-chain interoperability technology and fully considers the special attributes of energy trading. Firstly, an optimized ring mapping encryption algorithm is designed to resist malicious nodes. Secondly, a consensus verification subgroup is built according to contract performance, consensus participation and trading enthusiasm. This subgroup verifies the consensus information through the credit-threshold digital signature. Thirdly, an energy trading model is embedded in the blockchain network, featuring dynamic bidding and credit incentives. Finally, the Erenhot distributed electricity market in China is utilized for example analysis, which demonstrates the proposed method could improve the credibility of P2P trading and realize effective supervision.

scholarly journals A Matter of Supply and Demand: The Electoral Performance of Populist Parties in Three European Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn van Kessel
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Electoral Performance

This article assesses the electoral performance of populist parties in three European countries: the Netherlands, Poland and the United Kingdom. In explaining the electoral performance of the populist parties in the three countries, the article considers the agency of political parties in particular. More specifically, it examines the responsiveness of established parties and the credibility of the populist parties. Whereas the agency of populist parties, or other radical outsiders, has often been overlooked in previous comparative studies, this article argues that the credibility of the populist parties themselves plays a crucial role in understanding their electoral success and failure.

scholarly journals Earth, Wind, and Fire: Power Infrastructure in Alberta’s New Age

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Hughes ◽  
Caitlin Graham ◽  
Charles July ◽  
Adam Brown ◽  
Thomas Schubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
New Age ◽  
The United States ◽  
Renewable Generation ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Capacity Market ◽  
The Government ◽  
Regulatory Intervention

In the wake of dramatic policy changes commencing in late 2015, including the Government of Alberta’s announcement of the Climate Leadership Plan, the Renewable Energy Program, and the decision to introduce a parallel capacity market into Alberta’s previous energy-only market, the future of Alberta’s electricity market is uncertain. However, regulatory intervention in an attempt to improve the function of electricity markets and encourage renewable generation is not a new concept.Other jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom, Germany, and jurisdictions in the United States, have used regulatory intervention to address issues in energy markets and to drive renewable generation. Regulatory intervention in these jurisdictions has not always achieved the intended consequences. In some cases, regulatory intervention has exacerbated issues it intended to solve, or created new problems. In other cases, regulatory intervention has relatively improved the function of electricity markets and incited renewable generation. This paper considers the evolution of energy policy and competing policy drivers, including system reliability, use of sustainable fuels to generate electricity, and price surges. The paper will discuss the success and failure of regulatory intervention in select jurisdictions, and how these lessons might apply in the new age of Alberta’s electricity market.

Battle of Wits

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Holbrook ◽  
Lucía López-Rodríguez ◽  
Ángel Gómez
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
Intergroup Bias ◽  
State Anger ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Political Conservatism ◽  
Biased Perception

Political conservatism and threat salience have been consistently associated with intergroup bias. However, prior research has not examined potential effects of conservatism and/or threat on the attribution of relative in-group/out-group intelligence. In a cross-cultural study conducted in Spain and the United Kingdom, priming violent conflict with ISIS led participants to view an in-group ally as relatively more intelligent than an out-group adversary, in an effect mediated by feelings of anger (but not fear or general arousal). Conservatism similarly predicted biased perception of the ally’s relative intellect, a tendency that was driven by militaristic (not social/fiscal) political attitudes but was not explained by associated increases in state anger following conflict cues. This overall pattern indicates that conflict cues and militaristic political orientation heighten assessments of relative intergroup intellect during warfare via distinct affective and attitudinal pathways.

scholarly journals Communication-Based Approach for Promoting Energy Consumer Switching: Some Evidence from Ofgem’s Database Trials in the United Kingdom

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5179
Author(s):  
Muyi Yang ◽  
Yuanying Chi ◽  
Kristy Mamaril ◽  
Adam Berry ◽  
Xunpeng Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Price Discrimination ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
General Lack ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Vulnerable Consumers ◽  
Consumer Switching

Prompted by rising concern about weak consumer switching and the practice of price discrimination, over the period of 2016–2019, the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem) undertook a series of trials on communication-based interventions to encourage consumer switching in the United Kingdom. The main purpose of this paper is to assess the experience of these Ofgem trials with a view to draw some lessons for policy makers. The analytical framework adopted for this purpose is informed by existing literature on the barriers for consumer switching. The results of the analysis suggest that while the Ofgem trials have made positive impacts on consumer switching, these impacts varied significantly across the trials, suggesting that some interventions were more effective than others. Further, the overall impacts of the Ofgem trials were moderate, as around 70% of participants did not switch suppliers even in the most impactful trial. This reflects a general lack of understanding in the literature about the behaviour-influencing factors, their impacts, and their context-connects. By implication, the difficulty in stimulating consumer switching, as demonstrated by the Ofgem trials, suggests that weak consumer switching and the practice of price discrimination may simply reflect significant competition, rather than a lack of it, especially if retail margins are not greater than the competitive level. In this case, the communication-based intervention aimed at encouraging consumer switching may lead to further price discrimination, especially for the most vulnerable consumers, who are more likely to stay with their incumbent suppliers.

Design in Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-195
Author(s):  
Michael Saward
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Citizen Engagement ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Political Challenge ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Illustrative Case Study ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter pulls together the different forms of rationale for the democratic design framework, and offers a detailed summary of its core components and their provenance. This summary includes a practical step-by-step guide to democratic design, from definition of the specific political challenge at hand to consideration of the life of specific democratic designs or models. The bulk of the chapter sets out an illustrative case study of the application of the framework and its guide, focused on democratic challenges and change in the United Kingdom in the light of the principles of equality, resources, citizen engagement, and citizen participation.

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