Negative attitudes to cyclists affect road space given to them: variation in drivers’ perceptions of adequate space when overtaking a cyclist on the road

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamsin Saxton ◽  
Andrew Thorp
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Perceptions Of Risk ◽  
Driving Anger ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Uk

Cycling has individual and collective benefits, and thus various initiatives have attempted to increase cycling uptake. Motivations and intentions around cycling can be influenced by perceptions of risk and safety, which can be derived in part from the overtaking manoeuvres of other road users. Yet we know little about the systematic variables between drivers that might give rise to differences in their overtaking of cyclists. Accordingly, we investigated how people’s personality and attitudinal variables covary with their perceptions of adequate space when overtaking cyclists. We recruited 386 participants (including 349 regular drivers and 114 regular cyclists) from networks within the UK (particularly the north-east of England) who completed an online survey where we assessed their Big Five personality traits, attitudes to cyclists, driving anger, optimism, and their perceptions of the acceptability of overtaking manoeuvres by drivers passing cyclists on roads, depicted in photographs. We found that people evaluated a greater number of overtaking manoeuvres as more acceptable in particular if they had more negative views of cyclists, and also if they did not cycle regularly, and if they reported more driving anger. People often report negative attitudes towards cyclists, but attitudes are subject to change, and future work could investigate whether encouraging drivers to view cyclists more positively could also reduce drivers’ close-pass overtaking manoeuvres.

When can I drive? Advising patients when to drive after general surgical procedures

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 239-242
Author(s):  
Steven Dixon ◽  
Sean Woodcock
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Surgical Trainees ◽  
General Surgeons ◽  
Surgical Teams ◽  
The Uk

Introduction Advising patients when they are medically fit to drive following general surgical procedures is crucial to minimise risk to patients, the general public as road user’s and pedestrians and also avoid negligence claims against medical practitioners. Historically, in the UK, this advice has come from a number of sources including surgeons, general practitioners, insurers and the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA). The aim of this study was to review how current surgical teams distribute this advice and what this advice is based upon. Materials and methods An online survey was devised and distributed to all consultant general surgeons and trainees in the North East of England via email. Leading vehicle insurance companies and the DVLA were contacted to assess what advice they gave for specific procedures (ventral hernia, appendicectomy, cholecystectomy, fundoplication). Results A total of 135 surveys were distributed, 56 were returned, with a response rate of 41.5%. Twenty-two (39.3%) of respondents were consultants, 30 (53.6%) were speciality trainees (ST3-8) and 4 (7.1%) were core surgical trainees (CT1-2). Some (14.2%) gave driving advice to every patient, 39.3% gave advice to most patients; 42.9% gave advice pre-operatively in clinic, 39.3% gave the advice pre-operatively on the day of surgery, and 96.4% of responders based their advice on traditional teaching. Discussion and conclusions: There is variation in the content and timing of advice regarding driving after general surgical procedures. This inconsistency will undoubtedly lead to incorrect information being distributed to patients and will impact post-operative patient safety. We suggest formulating consistent advice in a written format, standardising the process which in turn will protect patients and surgeons.

scholarly journals Are wolves welcome? Hunters' attitudes towards wolves in Vermont, USA

Oryx ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nelson Grima ◽  
John Brainard ◽  
Brendan Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Potential Impact

Abstract The forests of the north-east USA were once home to the wolf Canis lupus, a species that played an important role in the ecology of this region. However, wolves were eradicated from the region more than a century ago, altering the species composition of the landscape and driving cascading changes in this ecosystem. Outdoor recreation is a major component of the economy of this region, and outdoor recreationists, including the hunting community, have a strong influence over decision-making related to policies on natural resources. Given their powerful position, hunters are important stakeholders whose views need to be taken into account when designing policies related to wildlife, in particular in relation to a controversial species such as the wolf. In this study, through expert interviews and an online survey, we gained a deeper understanding of the attitudes of hunters towards wolves, and how these attitudes could affect any future reintroduction programme or natural movement of wolves into the state. We found that the majority of hunters hold a suite of negative attitudes towards wolves, their role in the landscape and their potential impact on the region. However, for hunters who were able to recognize the ecological roles of wolves, these negative attitudes were mostly reversed.

scholarly journals Washing lines, whinberries and reworking ‘waste ground’: Women's affective practices and a haunting within the haunting of the UK coalfields

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Geoff Bright ◽  
Gabrielle Ivinson
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Arts Based Research ◽  
Mining Communities ◽  
The Road ◽  
Memory Work ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Uk

This article reflects on a series of ‘Ghost lab’ events (Bright 2019) with local people where creative memory work – stimulated by songs, films, and readings from a pack of what we have called a ‘Community Tarot’ cards (our main focus here) – was used to register aspects of what, following Gordon (2008), we are calling a ‘social haunting’ of former coal-mining communities in the north of England and the valley communities of south Wales. The events were part of a joint 2018-19 research project called Song lines on the road – Life lines on the move! (On the Road for short) that sought to share two independent strands of longitudinal, co-produced, arts-based research in which we have developed approaches aimed at amplifying how living knowledge flows on in communities even when the shocks and intensities of lived experience defy articulation and representation. During the last decade or so both of us have worked with artists to co-produce research projects that enable young people and marginalised adults to communicate with and challenge authority by drawing on the affective power of art. Independently of each other until now, we have both been using creative/affective methodologies to understand how classed and gendered circuits of affect both reproduce and reconfigure vernacular bonds of solidarity and practices of wellbeing in multiple impoverished coalfield communities.

Matronianus, Comes Isauriae: an Inscription from an Early Byzantine Basilica at Yanıkhan, Rough Cilicia

1985 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Hill
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
Late Professor ◽  
The Road ◽  
Scrub Oak ◽  
The North ◽  
Wild Olive ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
The Village ◽  
Early Byzantine

The ruins at Yanıkhan form the remains of a Late Roman village in the interior of Rough Cilicia some 8 kilometres inland from the village of Limonlu on the road to Canbazlı (see Fig. 1). The site has not been frequently visited by scholars, and the first certain reference to its existence was made by the late Professor Michael Gough after his visit on 2 September 1959. Yanıkhan is now occupied only by the Yürüks who for years have wintered on the southern slopes of Sandal Dağ. The ancient settlement at Yanıkhan consisted of a village covering several acres. The remains are still extensive, and some, especially the North Basilica, are very well preserved, but there has been considerable disturbance in recent years as stone and rubble have been removed in order to create small arable clearings. The visible remains include many domestic buildings constructed both from polygonal masonry without mortar and from mortar and rubble with coursed smallstone facing. There are several underground cisterns and a range of olive presses. The countryside around the settlement has been terraced for agricultural purposes in antiquity, and is, like the settlement itself, densely covered with scrub oak and wild olive trees. The most impressive remains are those of the two basilical churches which are of little artistic pretension, but considerable architectural interest. The inscription which forms the substance of this article was found on the lintel block of the main west entrance of the South Basilica.

scholarly journals 'Greenfields' and 'Brownfields': automotive industrial development in the UK and in Portugal

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (62) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Pike ◽  
Mário Vale
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
North West ◽  
Demonstration Effect ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

The industrial policy in the UK and in Portugal, as in most EU countries, seeks to attract new investment capacity, to create jobs and to promote the impact of the so-called "demonstration efect" of "greenfield" development strategies pursued in the new plants of inward investors on existing or "brownfield" plants. This industrial policy focus is particularly evident in the automobile industry.This paper compares the industrial policy oriented towards the automobile industry in the UK and in Portugal. Two recent "greenfield" investments are analised: Nissan in the North-East region (UK) and Ford/VW in the Setúbal Peninsula (Portugal), as well as three "brownfield" plants: Ford Halewood and GM Vauxhall Ellesmere Port in the North-West region (UK) and Renault in Setúbal (Portugal). The first part starts with a discussion of industrial policy in the automobile sector, the role of "greenfield" development strategies and the "demonstration effect" on "brownfield" plants. Then, the limits of new inward investment are pointed out, basically their problems and restrictions. Afterwards, the structural barriers to the "demonstration effect" within "brownfield" plants are outlined and some possabilities for alternative "brownfield" development strategies are presented.

Not Enough Money: The Resources and Choices of the Motoring Poor

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Froud ◽  
Sukhdev Johal ◽  
Adam Leaver ◽  
Karel Williams
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Car Ownership ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
The Social ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Uk

This paper helps to develop the social aspect of a new agenda for automobile research through focusing on motoring expenditure in the UK by poor households. It moves the social exclusion debate on by going back to Rowntree's 1901 survey, which established that poverty entailed not having enough resources to meet the needs of the household. Rowntree's analysis of primary and secondary poverty is updated here through the focus on the resources and choices of poor households, which incur significant motoring costs as the price of participation. Statistical sources and interviews in Inner and Outer London are used to explore these issues and the analysis shows that the story is one of constraint, sacrifice and precariousness. Car ownership imposes large costs on poor households, which limit other consumption opportunities. Labour market participation may depend on such sacrifices where public transport and local employment opportunities are limited. This locks poor households into a precarious cycle whereby the car is necessary to get to work and the job is necessary to keep the car on the road. Using Rowntree by analogy, the paper argues that, as well as improving public transport provision policy makers must also recognise the problem of poverty.

Information about Antimalarial Chemoprophylaxis in Hospitalised Patients — Is it Adequate?

1997 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Nathwani ◽  
J Spiteri
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Oil Boom ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
The Uk

Malaria remains a huge public health problem worldwide, with over 100 million new cases annually, causing one to two million deaths.1 This global problem spills over into the UK, with around 2000 cases of reported annually.2 The proportion of infections due to Plasmodium falciparum (PF) continues to increase and worse still accounts for five to 12 deaths per year. In 1992, Nathwani et al reported the 10 year experience of malaria cases admitted to the Regional Infection Unit, in Aberdeen, Scotland-the “Oil Capital”.3 This study was of interest in that 46% of those British residents who acquired infection had travelled to West or Central Africa on oil related business. The Oil boom of the 1980‘ s appeared to very much centred around Aberdeen and the neighbouring hinterland but did not appear to extend to Dundee which was only 60 miles further down the North-East coast. We, therefore, carried out a retrospective study of patients with malaria admitted to the Regional Infectious Diseases Unit in Dundee over a fifteen year period between 1980 and 1994.

Inequalities in awareness and availability of bereavement services in North-East England

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2020-002422
Author(s):  
Donna Wakefield ◽  
Elizabeth Fleming ◽  
Kate Howorth ◽  
Kerry Waterfield ◽  
Emily Kavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
Web Based ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Referral Criteria ◽  
National Guidance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesNational guidance recommends equality in access to bereavement services; despite this, awareness and availability appears inconsistent. The aim of this study was to explore availability and accessibility of bereavement services across the North-East of England and to highlight issues potentially applicable across the UK, at a time of unprecedented need due to the impact of COVID-19.MethodsPhase 1: an eight item, web-based survey was produced. A survey link was cascaded to all GP practices (General Practitioners) in the region. Phase 2: an email was sent to all services identified in phase 1, requesting details such as referral criteria and waiting times.ResultsAll 392 GP practices in the region were invited to participate. The response rate was 22% (85/392). Twenty-one per cent (18/85) of respondents reported that they do not refer patients, comments included ‘not aware of any services locally’. A total of 36 services were contacted with 72% responding with further information. Most bereavement specific support was reliant on charity-funded services including hospices, this sometimes required a pre-existing link with the hospice. Waiting times were up to 4 months.ConclusionsAlthough multiple different, usually charity-funded services were identified, awareness and accessibility were variable. This survey was conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, where complex situations surrounding death is likely to impact on the usual grieving process and increase the need for bereavement support. Meanwhile, charities providing this support are under severe financial strain. There is an urgent need to bridge the gap between need and access to bereavement services.

The Making of the Himalaya, Karakoram, and Tibetan Plateau

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Searle
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
Indian Plate ◽  
North West ◽  
Geological Interpretation ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
The Road ◽  
The North ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Himalaya

My quest to figure out how the great mountain ranges of Asia, the Himalaya, Karakoram, and Tibetan Plateau were formed has thus far lasted over thirty years from my first glimpse of those wonderful snowy mountains of the Kulu Himalaya in India, peering out of that swaying Indian bus on the road to Manali. It has taken me on a journey from the Hindu Kush and Pamir Ranges along the North-West Frontier of Pakistan with Afghanistan through the Karakoram and along the Himalaya across India, Nepal, Sikkim, and Bhutan and, of course, the great high plateau of Tibet. During the latter decade I have extended these studies eastwards throughout South East Asia and followed the Indian plate boundary all the way east to the Andaman Islands, Sumatra, and Java in Indonesia. There were, of course, numerous geologists who had ventured into the great ranges over the previous hundred years or more and whose findings are scattered throughout the archives of the Survey of India. These were largely descriptive and provided invaluable ground-truth for the surge in models that were proposed to explain the Himalaya and Tibet. When I first started working in the Himalaya there were very few field constraints and only a handful of pioneering geologists had actually made any geological maps. The notable few included Rashid Khan Tahirkheli in Kohistan, D. N. Wadia in parts of the Indian Himalaya, Ardito Desio in the Karakoram, Augusto Gansser in India and Bhutan, Pierre Bordet in Makalu, Michel Colchen, Patrick LeFort, and Arnaud Pêcher in central Nepal. Maps are the starting point for any geological interpretation and mapping should always remain the most important building block for geology. I was extremely lucky that about the time I started working in the Himalaya enormous advances in almost all aspects of geology were happening at a rapid pace. It was the perfect time to start a large project trying to work out all the various geological processes that were in play in forming the great mountain ranges of Asia. Satellite technology suddenly opened up a whole new picture of the Earth from the early Landsat images to the new Google Earth images.

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