scholarly journals Prenatal-postnatal maternal anxiety mismatch, maternal stroking, child irritability and general psychopathology ‘p’ at age 7 years; findings from the Wirral Child Health and Development Study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hill ◽  
Andrew Pickles ◽  
Nicola Wright ◽  
Helen Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Estimates ◽  
Maternal Anxiety ◽  
Fetal Origins ◽  
Development Study ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
General Population Cohort ◽  
Health And Development

BackgroundAccording to fetal origins hypotheses, mismatched prenatal-postnatal conditions will be associated with poor health outcomes. Based on previous findings from the Wirral Child Health and Development Study (WCHADS) that associations between prenatal anxiety and child anxious- depressed symptoms were modified by mothers’ reports of infant stroking, we predicted similar effects following mismatched prenatal-postnatal maternal anxiety. Low stroking would be associated with poorer outcome. In view of associations between oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) irritability and adolescent depression, our models predicted irritability, controlling for general psychopathology ‘p’, and contrasted with headstrong, to test for specificity. Based on animal and human evidence we predicted that the effect would be seen only in girls.MethodsMothers in the WCHADS, a general population cohort recruited at 20 weeks pregnancy, provided self- reported anxiety during pregnancy, and at 9 weeks, 14 months and 3.5 years postpartum, frequency of infant stroking at 9 weeks. Mothers and teachers reported child symptoms at age 7 years. Irritability scores were available from 668 children, and SEM models with maximum-likelihood estimates made use of data from 887 participants. ResultsThere was a three way interaction between prenatal and postnatal anxiety and maternal stroking. This arose because lower stroking at 9 weeks was associated with higher irritability at 7 years, only in the mismatched, low-high and high-low maternal anxiety groups. The effect was unchanged after accounting for associations with general psychopathology, ‘p’. There was no effect on headstrong symptoms. Despite an overall effect on irritability in separate analyses this was confined to girls. ConclusionsPostnatal modifications of prenatal effects of maternal anxiety were specific to child irritability, and seen only in girls. Given associations between child irritability and adolescent depression, the findings provide further indications of mechanisms for fetal and postnatal origins of affective disorders in adolescence and beyond.

Observed parenting behaviors interact with a polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene to predict the emergence of oppositional defiant and callous–unemotional behaviors at age 3 years

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (4pt1) ◽  
pp. 903-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Willoughby ◽  
Roger Mills-Koonce ◽  
Cathi B. Propper ◽  
Daniel A. Waschbusch
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Disruptive Behavior ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Parenting Behaviors ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Factor Gene ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
The Brain

AbstractUsing the Durham Child Health and Development Study, this study (N = 171) tested whether observed parenting behaviors in infancy (6 and 12 months) and toddlerhood/preschool (24 and 36 months) interacted with a child polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene to predict oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and callous–unemotional (CU) behaviors at age 3 years. Child genotype interacted with observed harsh and intrusive (but not sensitive) parenting to predict ODD and CU behaviors. Harsh–intrusive parenting was more strongly associated with ODD and CU for children with a methionine allele of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene. CU behaviors were uniquely predicted by harsh–intrusive parenting in infancy, whereas ODD behaviors were predicted by harsh–intrusive parenting in both infancy and toddlerhood/preschool. The results are discussed from the perspective of the contributions of caregiving behaviors as contributing to distinct aspects of early onset disruptive behavior.

scholarly journals The Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development Study (MAL-ED): Description of the Tanzanian Site

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. S325-S330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estomih R. Mduma ◽  
Jean Gratz ◽  
Crystal Patil ◽  
Kristine Matson ◽  
Mary Dakay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Development Study ◽  
Enteric Infections ◽  
Health And Development

scholarly journals Associations between maternal prenatal cortisol and fetal growth are specific to infant sex: Findings from the Wirral Child Health and Development Study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Braithwaite ◽  
Jonathan Hill ◽  
Andrew Pickles ◽  
Vivette Glover ◽  
Kieran O’Donnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Development Study ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Infant Birth

Recent findings highlight that there are prenatal risks for affective disorders that are mediated by glucocorticoid mechanisms, and may be specific to females. There is also evidence of sex differences in prenatal programming mechanisms and developmental psychopathology, whereby effects are in opposite directions in males and females. As birth weight is a risk for affective disorders, we sought to investigate whether maternal prenatal cortisol may have sex-specific effects on fetal growth. The Wirral Child Health and Development Study (WCHADS) cohort (n=1233) included a stratified subsample (n=241) who provided maternal saliva samples, assayed for cortisol, at home over two days at 32 weeks gestation (on waking, 30-minutes post-waking, and during the evening). Measures of infant birth weight (corrected for gestational age) were taken from hospital records. General population estimates of associations between variables were obtained using inverse probability weights. Maternal log of the area under the curve (LogAUC) cortisol predicted infant birth weight in a sex-dependent manner (interaction term p=0.040). There was a positive association between maternal prenatal cortisol in males, and a negative association in females. A sex-interaction in the same direction was evident when using the waking (p=0.010), and 30-minute post waking (p=0.013) cortisol measures, but not the evening measure. There was no interaction between prenatal cortisol and sex to predict gestational age. Our findings add to an emerging body of literature that suggests that there may be sex-specific mechanisms that underpin fetal programming. Further understanding of these mechanisms is important for tailoring intervention and prevention strategies.

scholarly journals DDT exposure during pregnancy and DNA methylation alterations in female offspring in the Child Health and Development Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 138-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Chen Wu ◽  
Barbara A. Cohn ◽  
Piera M. Cirillo ◽  
Regina M. Santella ◽  
Mary Beth Terry
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Development Study ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Exposure During Pregnancy
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