A Positive Future for Futures and Foresight Science Needs Fierce Competition in the Marketplace of Ideas: Commentary on Fergnami and Chermack 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Mandel
Keyword(s):  
Theory Development ◽  
Marketplace Of Ideas ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
The Cost

This is a commentary on a target article by Fergnami and Chermack. It addresses the issue of how the study of futures and foresight can ensure a scientific future. I comment on two aspects of the authors' essay: first, their emphasis on theory development, which I believe is overemphasized (at the cost of an emphasis on method) and, second, their aspiration for reconciliation among scientists, consultants and ideologies. I propose that consensus-seeking is overrated and scientists should focus on competing in the marketplace of ideas.

Outbreaks of animosity against the West in China: effects on local brand consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Heinberg
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
The West ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Willingness To Buy ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
The Cost

Purpose Local brands in emerging markets suffer from fierce competition and chronic disadvantages. The purpose of this paper is to investigate if outbreaks of animosity against the West (AAW) might benefit local brands by raising consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) and willingness to buy (WTB). Design/methodology/approach The study employed 2 methods: structural equation modeling (n=244 Chinese students); and experiment, multiple regression (n=676 Chinese students, different sample than those included in study 1). Findings AAW is different from ethnocentrism and the measurement has good validity and reliability. After an outbreak of animosity, AAW increases Chinese consumers’ WTB local products. The WTP is also enhanced by AAW in such a situation. Under “normal” circumstances, there is no effect of AAW on the WTP. This might be due to the cost of substituting western goods for local ones (e.g. inferior perceived quality and other-signaling value). An outbreak of animosity presents a risk to consumers and thus lowers their overall WTP. Originality/value The study introduces the construct “AAW,” which stretches the animosity construct to an inter-regional level. On such a level, it is possible to find consequences of animosity on local brand consumption, which have not been the focus of previous studies. Additionally, this research introduces the concept of WTP to animosity research. The measurement is built on a real economic exchange and better represents the cost aspects of substituting one brand for another.

Not even wrong: Imprecision perpetuates the illusion of understanding at the cost of actual understanding

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Smaldino
Keyword(s):  
Target Article ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThe target article is plagued by imprecision, making it largely impossible to evaluate the authors' theory in a scientific manner.

scholarly journals Theory development requires an epistemological sea change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris van Rooij ◽  
Giosuè Baggio
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Target Article

Up until 2019, `psychological reform' mostly meant methodological and statistical reform of empirical research practices in psychology. Since then, however, we have seen a surge of proposals for theoretical reform. While those calling for theoretical reform may agree on many things, they also do not form a monolith. One aim of the present commentary is to highlight some of this diversity by commenting on Fried's target article in this broader context.

scholarly journals New language versions of MAIN: Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives – Revised

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Natalia Gagarina ◽  
Josefin Lindgren
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Linguistic Complexity ◽  
Cultural Appropriateness ◽  
The Road ◽  
Narrative Skills ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
The Cost

The Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN) is a theoretically grounded toolkit that employs parallelpictorial stimuli to explore and assess narrative skills in children in many different languages. It is part of the LITMUS (Language Impairment Testing in Multilingual Settings) battery of tests that were developed in connection with the COST Action IS0804 Language Impairment in a Multilingual Society: Linguistic Patterns and the Road to Assessment(2009−2013). MAIN hasbeen designed to assess both narrative production and comprehensionin children who acquire one or more languages from birth or from early age. Its design allows for the comparable assessment of narrative skills in several languages in the same child and in different elicitation modes: Telling, Retelling and Model Story. MAIN contains four parallel stories, each with a carefully designed six-picture sequence based on a theoretical model of multidimensional story organization. The stories are controlled for cognitive and linguistic complexity, parallelism in macrostructure and microstructure, as well as for cultural appropriateness and robustness. As a tool MAIN had been used to compare children’s narrative skills across languages, and also to help differentiate between childrenwith and without developmental language disorders, both monolinguals and bilinguals. This volume consists of two parts. The main content of Part I consists of33 papers describing the process of adapting and translating MAIN to a large number of languagesfrom different parts of the world. Part II contains materials for use for about 80 languages, including pictorial stimuli, which are accessible after registration. MAIN was first published in 2012/2013 (ZASPiL56). Several years of theory development and material construction preceded this launch. In 2019 (ZASPiL 63), the revised English version (revised on the basis of over 2,500 transcribed MAIN narratives as well as ca 24,000 responses to MAIN comprehension questions, collected from around 700 monolingual and bilingual children in Germany, Russia and Sweden between 2013-2019) was published together with revised versions in German, Russian, Swedish, and Turkish for the bilingual Turkish-Swedish population in Sweden. The present 2020 (ZASPiL 64) volume contains new and revised language versions of MAIN.

scholarly journals PENENTUAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI PADA PT. CENTRAL PROTEINA PRIMA, Tbk

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Ramadhan Mulia Lubis ◽  
Fachrul Rozi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Business World ◽  
Shrimp Feed ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost

The rapid growth of the business world is reasonable with fierce competition fornew and similar industries. This phenomenon requires companies in manufacturingto compete competitively as experienced by the animal feed industry, especiallyshrimp feed. Marketing of shrimp feed at the end of 2019 increased after decliningsince the first quarter of the third quarter. According to the head of the aquaculturedivision of the Association of Animal Feed Entrepreneurs (GPMT) Haris Muhtadi,the transmission occurred because of an outbreak of disease attacking shrimp andafter the outbreak ended, shrimp production began to compete again. There aremany ways that companies, especially those engaged in shrimp feed, do so. Startingfrom creating low prices to making brand variations with a certain quality measurethat is used as a price differentiator between these products. To get around this, thecompany must have the right strategy and policy, namely by paying attention to thecost of production of its products. The purpose of determining the cost of goodsmanufactured at PT. Central Proteina Prima, Tbk. This is to analyze the differencein cost of goods manufactured between the methods used by the company and thecost of goods manufactured with the full cost and variable cost methods. This studyuses a qualitative descriptive method and the data source is secondary data. Theresults of the study to determine the cost of production is the shrimp feed factory ofPT. Central Proteina Tbk Medan issued a production cost per kilogram of Rp.14.103.5. Meanwhile, the variable cost of the method according to the previoustheory, the value per kilogram is smaller, namely Rp. 14,049, with a difference ofRp. 54.5 per kilogram. If the company sets a price of Rp 19,745 per kilogram usingthe same method, then determining the cost of goods manufactured 0.5% is moreeffective using the theoretical variable cost method. This difference occurs becauseof the grouping of raw material costs and direct labor costs which affect factoryoverhead costs and the cost of goods manufactured.

Pseudo-Information, Media, Publics, and the Failing Marketplace of Ideas: Theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 000276422095060
Author(s):  
Jeong-Nam Kim ◽  
Homero Gil de Zúñiga
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Marketplace Of Ideas ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Emerging Media ◽  
Information Media ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Networked Society

The explosive usage in recent years of the terms “fake news” and “posttruth” reflects worldwide frustration and concern about rampant social problems created by pseudo-information. Our digital networked society and newly emerging media platforms foster public misunderstanding of social affairs, which affects almost all aspects of individual life. The cost of lay citizens’ misunderstandings or crippled lay informatics can be high. Pseudo-information is responsible for deficient social systems and institutional malfunction. We thus ask questions and collect knowledge about the life of pseudo-information and the cognitive and communicative modus operandi of lay publics, as well as how to solve the problem of pseudo-information through understanding the changing media environment in this “truth-be-damned” era of information crisis.

Analysis on Energy Conservation Materials’ Influence on Energy Saving Construction Cost

2013 ◽  
Vol 859 ◽  
pp. 274-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Li Wang ◽  
Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Construction Market ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Consumption Cost ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Construction

Engery-saving buildings are not always high-cost, the construction needs to consider not only the cost of construction, but also the consumption cost in use. We adopt new energy conservation materials and remarkable management mode to reduce the cost of energy-saving building, and fight to get the most benefit with the least investment, in order to master sovereignty in the fierce competition of energy-saving construction market, and to promote the sustainable development of energy-saving building.

Constructing Normalcy in Dementia Care: Carers’ Perceptions of Their Roles and the Supports They Need

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 905-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Hale ◽  
Elizabeth Mayland ◽  
Matthew Jenkins ◽  
Yvette Buttery ◽  
Pauline Norris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Design And Methods

Abstract Background and Objectives: People with dementia are critically dependent on their carers when accessing and utilizing health care. To inform health care development and delivery, we aimed to explore carers’ perceptions of their role in caring for a family member with dementia and to identify carers’ skills and attributes and factors impacting on care. Research Design and Methods: We used semistructured interviews to collect data from 25 carers supporting older adults with dementia. Data were thematically analyzed and the paradigm model was used to guide theory development. Results: “Constructing normalcy” was central to all carers did, impacted by stage of life and relationship status and driven by a holistic focus on their care-recipient’s quality of life. Goals guiding care were: keeping the peace; facilitating participation, happiness and independence; and ensuring safety. Enablers included: social contact; knowledge; and quality social services. Barriers included health and legal issues; symptoms of dementia; and reduced knowledge. These goals kept the peace and reduced stress for the cared-for person, but often at the cost of unrelenting responsibility and loss of carers’ original roles. Discussion and Implications: As carers are so critical to the access and uptake of health care of those with dementia, health professionals and services need to support carers in their quest to construct normalcy. Our findings provide guidance to assist in ensuring appropriate support and understanding of carers work in order to optimize dementia health care delivery.

scholarly journals APLIKASI BREAK EVEN POINT PADA PEMBUATAN ROTI Studi Kasus: Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) Roti (Rotiku Rotimu) Desa Babakan

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Made Wijana ◽  
A.A. ALit Triadi ◽  
Muhammad Kholiq
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Business World ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
The Cost

In recent years many companies both micro and macro level national and international emerging. As UKM (Usaha Kecil Menengah) have an important role in opening new jobs and boost economic growth of a region. With the development of business world has been brought towards the increasingly fierce competition. That businesses are required to conduct an economic analysis that can help entrepreneurs to consider actions proposed in choosing the alternatives or strategic decision.This research aimed to analyze the feasibility of the operation of UKM bread (my bread your bread) Babakan Village by using BEP (Break Even Point).Location research Babakan Village, District Cakranegara, West Lombok. By collecting  various kinds of costs of making bread among other fixed costs and variable costs as well as to record income from the sale of bread in a period of 1 year. Examples of fixed costs is the cost of equipment, maintenance costs, the cost of building and examples of variable costs is the cost of raw materials, the cost of operation of the device, the cost of salaries, the cost of packaging.The results of this research indicate that UKM income Bread (my bread your bread) for 1 year is Rp. 912,000,000.00 of the total production of 1.14 million pieces of bread. This UKM bread achieve the BEP (Break Even Point) occurred in the month 4th at a fixed cost is Rp.30,250,733,33 and VC (Variable Cost) is Rp.212,240,114,71 on the amount of bread produced 303114 fruit bread with a TC (total cost) Rp.242,490,848.04. So that UKM Bread (my bread your bread) feasible to be operated. With the increase in the selling price of Rp.850.00 fried bread resulting increase in profit of Rp57,000,000.00 while the selling price of Rp.750.00 fried bread resulted in a decrease in profit of Rp.57,000,000.00 while equally produce 1.14 million pieces bread. By lowering the variable costs, employers can accelerate the achievement of breakeven levels (Break Even Point).

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