scholarly journals Getting Trapped in a Dead End? Trait Self-Control and Boredom Are Linked to Goal Adjustment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maik Bieleke ◽  
Lucas Keller ◽  
Wanja Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Life Study ◽  
Goal Striving ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Goal Adjustment ◽  
Goal Disengagement ◽  
Boredom Proneness

Disengaging from unattainable goals and reengaging in alternative goals is essential for effective goal pursuit; yet, surprisingly little is known about associated personality factors. Here, we focused on individual differences in self-control (domain-general self-control, if-then planning) and boredom (boredom proneness, boredom avoidance and escape tendencies). Concerning goal adjustment in everyday life (Study 1; N = 323 crowdworkers), if-then planning was associated with worse disengagement and better reengagement. While boredom proneness was associated with poorer reengagement, boredom avoidance and escape tendencies were associated with better reengagement. When goal striving was thwarted during the COVID-19 pandemic (Study 2; N = 97 students), similar associations emerged along with links to anxiety and depression. However, disengagement was no longer associated with if-then planning but instead with better self-control and higher boredom proneness. These results show differential relationships of goal disengagement and reengagement with self-control and boredom, paving the way to a better understanding of who struggles or shines when effective goal adjustment is required.

scholarly journals Adaptación de las escalas “Tenacious Goal Pursuit and Flexible Goal Adjustment” y “Goal Disengagement and Goal Reengagement”

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
Esther Soubrier ◽  
Rosa Esteve ◽  
Carmen Ramírez-Maestre
Keyword(s):  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Goal Adjustment ◽  
Goal Disengagement ◽  
Flexible Goal Adjustment

El objetivo de este estudio es realizar la adaptación y validación al castellano de las escalas “Tenacious Goal Pursuit and Flexible Goal Adjustment” y “Goal Disengagement and Goal Reengagement”. La muestra se compone de 681 estudiantes de la Facultad de Psicología de Málaga. El análisis factorial exploratorio muestra el mismo número de factores a seleccionar que las escalas originales, ratificado mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio. El alfa de Cronbach, la fiabilidad test-retest y las correlaciones entre escalas también son similares a las de los instrumentos originales. Se estudia la validez de criterio mediante correlaciones con medidas de afecto positivo y negativo y bienestar, con una muestra diferente de 201 estudiantes. Por todo ello, y a pesar de la limitación de que la muestra esté compuesta únicamente por universitarios, se considera si bien la adaptación muestra propiedades psicométricas aceptables, se debe seguir trabajando en su mejora.

scholarly journals Boredom Proneness and Self-Control as Unique Risk Factors in Achievement Settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9116
Author(s):  
Jhotisha Mugon ◽  
James Boylan ◽  
James Danckert
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Boredom Proneness ◽  
First Time

The state of boredom arises when we have the desire to be engaged in goal pursuit, but for whatever reason we cannot fulfil that desire. Boredom proneness is characterized by both frequent and intense feelings of boredom and is an enduring individual difference trait associated with a raft of negative outcomes. There has been some work in educational settings, but relatively little is known about the consequences of boredom proneness for learning. Here we explored the unique contributions of boredom proneness, self-control and self-esteem to undergraduate self-reported higher grade point average (GPA). Within educational settings, prior research has shown self-control and self-esteem to be associated with better academic performance. In contrast, boredom proneness is associated with lower levels of self-control and self-esteem. Our analyses replicate those previous findings showing that self-control acts as a positive predictor of GPA. Importantly, we further demonstrated, for the first time, that boredom proneness has a unique contribution to GPA over and above the contribution of self-control, such that as boredom proneness increases, GPA decreases. We discuss potential mechanisms through which boredom proneness may influence academic performance.

Challenges to developmental regulation across the life course

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jutta Heckhausen ◽  
Carsten Wrosch
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Lifespan Development ◽  
Goal Striving ◽  
State Orientation ◽  
Goal Disengagement ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Life Course

We discuss the major processes involved in individuals’ motivation and self-regulation of goal striving throughout the life course. While much is regulated based on the biological and societal scaffolding of lifespan development, certain challenges for motivation and self-regulation are more substantial and need to be managed by the individual, providing opportunities for researchers for testing the limits of individual capacities in developmental regulation. These challenging circumstances include major changes in age-graded opportunities for goal pursuit, uncertain or obfuscated opportunities, and major unexpected losses of control. Under such challenging circumstances, the consequences of individual differences in motivational self-regulation, such as optimism, action vs. state orientation, and goal-disengagement capacity are enhanced and may contribute to adaptive patterns of developmental regulation.

Interest as the Missing Motivator in Self-Regulation

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Sansone ◽  
Dustin B. Thoman
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Goal Striving ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
And Performance

Abstract. Typically, models of self-regulation include motivation in terms of goals. Motivation is proposed to fluctuate according to how much individuals value goals and expect to attain them. Missing from these models is the motivation that arises from the process of goal-pursuit. We suggest that an important aspect of self-regulation is monitoring and regulating our motivation, not just our progress toward goals. Although we can regulate motivation by enhancing the value or expectancy of attaining the outcome, we suggest that regulating the interest experience can be just as, if not more, powerful. We first present our model, which integrates self-regulation of interest within the goal-striving process. We then briefly review existing evidence, distinguishing between two broad classes of potential interest-enhancing strategies: intrapersonal and interpersonal. For each class of strategies we note what is known about developmental and individual differences in whether and how these kinds of strategies are used. We also discuss implications, including the potential trade-offs between regulating interest and performance, and how recognizing the role of the interest experience may shed new light on earlier research in domains such as close relationships, psychiatric disorders, and females' choice to drop out of math and science.

Goal adjustment capacities in uncontrollable life circumstances: Benefits for psychological well-being during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy M. Hamm ◽  
Jaron X. Y. Tan ◽  
Meaghan Barlow ◽  
Rachel Delaney ◽  
Katherine Anne Duggan
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Control ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Goal Adjustment ◽  
Goal Disengagement ◽  
Life Circumstances ◽  
Nationally Representative

Goal adjustment capacities (i.e., goal disengagement and goal reengagement) are core self-regulatory resources theorized to buffer psychological well-being during intractable life circumstances. However, research has yet to examine whether these capacities protect well-being for individuals who encounter uncontrollable losses in their ability to pursue important life goals due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a nationally-representative sample of American adults aged 18-80 (n = 292), the present longitudinal study examined the influence of goal disengagement and reengagement on levels and change in psychological well-being for individuals who differed in perceived control over their goals early in the pandemic. Results from multilevel growth models showed that goal reengagement, but not goal disengagement, capacities predicted higher levels of well-being (lower perceived stress, depressive symptoms; higher life satisfaction, meaning in life) for individuals who reported pandemic-induced declines in control over their goals. Findings inform theories of motivation and self-regulation and point to the adaptive value of goal reengagement capacities during uncontrollable life circumstances.

Goal Pursuit, Goal Adjustment, and Pain in Middle-Aged Adults Aging With Physical Disability

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10_suppl) ◽  
pp. 214S-240S
Author(s):  
Anne Arewasikporn ◽  
Ann Marie Roepke ◽  
Aaron P. Turner ◽  
Kevin N. Alschuler ◽  
Rhonda M. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Goal Adjustment ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Objective: Aging with physical disability disrupts one’s ability to achieve valued goals due to changes in symptoms and function. It is unclear how to cope optimally in this context. This study examined whether two possible strategies—tenacious goal pursuit (TGP) and flexible goal adjustment (FGA)—were associated with reduced pain interference and depressive symptoms and greater well-being, and protected against pain intensity, and FGA was more protective with increasing age and worse physical function. Method: Middle-aged adults with muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, post-polio syndrome, or spinal cord injury ( N = 874; MAGE = 58.3 years, range = 46-68; MDISEASEDURATION = 26.2 years, range = 2-67) completed two questionnaires, a year apart. Results: TGP and FGA use was associated with greater well-being. FGA use predicted decreased depressive symptoms. Concurrent use of both predicted decreased pain interference. Discussion: Adults with disability employ a variety of goal management strategies. Findings support TGP and FGA as potential intervention targets for healthy aging with disabilities.

scholarly journals Eysenck’s Two Big Personality Factors and Their Relationship to Depression in Patients with Chronic Idiopathic Pain Disorder: A Clinimetric Validation Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Bech ◽  
Marianne Lunde ◽  
Stine Bjerrum Møller
Keyword(s):  
Item Response ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pain Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Item Response Model ◽  
Idiopathic Pain ◽  
Positive Score ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Scale ◽  
Neuroticism Scale

Aim. The clinimetric aspects of Eysenck’s two big personality factors (neuroticism and extraversion) were originally identified by principal component analysis but have been insufficiently analysed with item response theory models. Their relationship to states of melancholia and anxiety was subsequently analysed. Method. Patients with chronic idiopathic pain disorder were included in the study. The nonparametric item response model (Mokken) was compared to the coefficient alpha to validate the anxiety and depression subscales within the neuroticism scale and the extraversion and introversion subscales within the extraversion scale. When measuring states of depression and anxiety, the Melancholia Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale were used. Results. We identified acceptable subscales of anxiety and depression in the Eysenck factor of neuroticism and extraversion versus introversion subscales within the Eysenck factor of extraversion. Focusing on the item of “Does your mood often go up and down?” we showed a statistically significant association with melancholia and anxiety for patients with a positive score on this item. Conclusion. Within the Eysenck factor of neuroticism it is important to differentiate between the anxiety and depression subscales. The clinimetric analysis of the Eysenck factor of extraversion identified valid subscales.

Retiring From the Family Business

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marylène Gagnè ◽  
Carsten Wrosch ◽  
Stephanie Brun de Pontet
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Retirement Planning ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Retirement Expectations ◽  
Goal Adjustment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Goal Disengagement

A longitudinal study of family business leaders nearing retirement age examined the effects of goal adjustment capacities (disengagement and reengagement) on retirement planning. Goal disengagement predicted taking concrete steps to prepare retirement, whereas goal reengagement was related to having positive retirement expectations. Family business leaders with high goal reengagement capacities who trusted their successor’s abilities set an earlier retirement date than others. Leaders with poor goal disengagement capacities who did not trust their successor were unable to improve their retirement expectations over time. This study shows the importance of psychological variables in the retirement planning process of family business leaders.

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