Late adolescent outcomes of different developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms in a large longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Carter ◽  
Lydia Gabriela Speyer ◽  
Arthur Caye ◽  
Luis Augusto Rohde ◽  
Aja Louise Murray
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Outcomes ◽  
Uk Millennium Cohort Study ◽  
The Uk

Background: There exists substantial heterogeneity in the developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms, with distinctions often made between persistent versus remittent, and early- versus late-onset. However, how these trajectories relate to late adolescent functioning and whether, in particular, later onset trajectories mark a milder subtype remains unclear. Methods: We applied latent class growth analysis to data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (N = 16,703) to evaluate whether developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms (ages 3-17) were associated with differing levels of impairment in peer problems, mental health, substance use, and delinquency at age 17. Results: Our optimal model included five trajectory groups, labelled unaffected (37.6%), mildly affected (34.8%), subclinical remitting (14.4%), adolescent onset (7.6%), and stable high (5.6%). Adolescent onset and stable high trajectories were similarly impaired across all outcomes, other than substance use. Subclinical remitting individuals were impaired on self-esteem and well-being compared to unaffected individuals. Conclusions: By adolescence, those with a later onset have similar impairments to those following an early onset/persistent trajectory. Residual impairment remains for those on a remitting trajectory.

scholarly journals Developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms in a large population-representative longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aja Louise Murray ◽  
Hildigunnur Anna Hall ◽  
Lydia Gabriela Speyer ◽  
Lara Carter ◽  
Daniel Mirman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Readiness ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
Uk Millennium Cohort Study ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Previous research has suggested that there is substantial heterogeneity in the developmental trajectories of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Sometimes, qualitative distinctions between trajectories with different ages of onset and/or patterns of remission are made; however, little is known about the predictors and broader clinical meaningfulness of these candidate ‘developmental subtypes’ of ADHD symptoms. Methods We applied latent class growth analysis to data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS; N = 11 316; ages 3, 5, 7, 11 and 14) to evaluate whether developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms differing in early life predictors could be identified. Our optimal model included six trajectory groups, labelled unaffected (34.9% of the sample), mildly affected (24.1%), subclinical remitting (12.8%), pre-school onset partially remitting (14.1%), developmentally increasing (7.6%) and pre-school onset persistent (6.4%). Results Factors such as gender, conduct problems, cognitive ability, maternal education, premature birth, peer problems and school readiness scores differentiated between specific ADHD symptom trajectories. Conclusions Taken together, our findings provide preliminary evidence that distinguishing different trajectories of ADHD symptoms could be clinically informative.

scholarly journals Developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms in a large population-representative longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aja Louise Murray ◽  
Hildigunnur Anna Hall ◽  
Lydia Gabriela Speyer ◽  
Lara Carter ◽  
Daniel Mirman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Readiness ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
Uk Millennium Cohort Study ◽  
The Uk

Background: Previous research has suggested that there is substantial heterogeneity in the developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms. Sometimes qualitative distinctions between trajectories with different ages of onset and/or patterns of remission are made; however, little is known about the predictors and broader clinical meaningfulness of these candidate ‘developmental subtypes’ of ADHD symptoms. Methods: We applied latent class growth analysis to data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS; N=11,316; ages 3,5,7,11 and 14) to evaluate whether developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms differing in early life predictors could be identified. Our optimal model included six trajectory groups, labelled unaffected (34.9% of the sample), mildly affected (24.1%), subclinical remitting (12.8%), pre-school onset partially remitting (14.1%), developmentally increasing (7.6%), and pre-school onset persistent (6.4%). Results: Factors such as gender, conduct problems, cognitive ability, maternal education, premature birth, peer problems, and school readiness scores differentiated between specific ADHD symptom trajectories. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings provide preliminary evidence that distinguishing different trajectories of ADHD symptoms could be clinically informative.

scholarly journals Exploring the Frequency, Intensity, and Duration of Loneliness: A Latent Class Analysis of Data from the BBC Loneliness Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12027
Author(s):  
Pamela Qualter ◽  
Kimberly Petersen ◽  
Manuela Barreto ◽  
Christina Victor ◽  
Claudia Hammond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Health And Well Being

Almost all measures of loneliness have been developed without discussing how to best conceptualize and assess the severity of loneliness. In the current study, we adapted the four-item UCLA, so that it continued to measure frequency of loneliness, but also assessed intensity and duration, providing a measure of other aspects of loneliness severity. Using data from participants resident in the UK who completed the BBC Loneliness Experiment (N = 36,767; F = 69.6%) and Latent Class Profile Analyses, we identified four groups of people who scored high on loneliness on at least one of the three severity measures. Duration of loneliness often over months or years seemed to be particularly important in distinguishing groups. Further, group membership was predicted by important demographic and psychological variables. We discuss the findings in terms of implications for research and practice. We highlight the need to explore these profiles longitudinally to investigate how membership predicts later mental and physical health, and well-being.

scholarly journals Outcomes of ADHD Symptoms in Late Adolescence: Are Developmental Subtypes Important?

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aja Louise Murray ◽  
Tom Booth ◽  
Bonnie Auyeung ◽  
Manuel Eisner ◽  
Denis Ribeaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
Growth Mixture

Objective: Substantial individual variation exists in the age of onset and course of ADHD symptoms over development. We evaluated whether, within this variation, meaningful developmental subtypes can be defined. Method: Using growth mixture modeling in a community-based sample ( N = 1,571), we analyzed ADHD symptom trajectories based on measures taken at ages 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, and 15 years. We evaluated whether those showing developmental trajectories characterized by later onsets versus early onsets differed in terms of mental health and behavioral outcomes in late adolescence (age 17 years). Result: The late onset category was best conceptualized as a milder subtype than early onset. The former was, however, more similar in outcomes to the latter than to the unaffected category, suggesting that later onsets are still associated with impairment. Conclusion: Considering diagnoses for those affected by ADHD symptoms but who do not meet current age of onset criteria may be important for ensuring that they receive appropriate support.

scholarly journals Do flexible work policies improve parents’ health? A natural experiment based on the UK Millennium Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Avendano ◽  
Lidia Panico
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Millennium Cohort Study ◽  
Flexible Work ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Flexible Working ◽  
Uk Millennium Cohort Study ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Right ◽  
Health And Well Being

BackgroundThere is limited evidence of the impact of policies to promote work–family balance on family health. Exploiting the introduction of the UK Flexible Working Act (2003), we examined whether a policy that grants parents the right to request flexible work influences their health and well-being.MethodsUsing the UK Millennium Cohort Study, we focus on 6424 mothers employed in 2001–2002, when the cohort child was 9 months old, until their child’s seventh birthday. We used a difference-in-differences (DiD) approach to compare changes in outcomes before and after the policy among mothers most likely to benefit and mothers unlikely to benefit from the policy.ResultsFlexible working increased in a small group of mothers (n=548) whose employer did not offer work flexibility before the reform (treatment group). By contrast, among mothers whose employer already offered flexible work before the reform (control group, n=5810), there was little change or a slight decline in flexible working. DiD estimates suggest that the policy was associated with an increase in flexible working (37.5 percentage points, 95% CI 32.9 to 41.6), but it had no impact on self-rated health (−1.6 percentage points, 95% CI −4.4 to 1.1), long-term illness (−1.87 percentage points, 95% CI −4.3 to 0.5) or life satisfaction scores (β=0.04, 95% CI −0.08 to 0.16).ConclusionThe Flexible Working Act increased flexible working only among a small group of mothers who had not yet the right to request work flexibility, but it had no impact on their health and well-being. Policies promoting work flexibility may require stronger incentives for both parents and employers.

The danger of being inattentive – ADHD symptoms and risky sexual behaviour in Russian adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Isaksson ◽  
A. Stickley ◽  
R. Koposov ◽  
V. Ruchkin
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Inattention And Hyperactivity

AbstractBackground:Prior research has indicated that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms may be associated with an increased likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behaviour (RSB). However, research on this association among adolescents has been comparatively limited and mainly confined to North America. The aim of this study was to examine if inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms were linked to RSB in a community cohort sample of Russian adolescents.Methods:The study was based on a group of 537 adolescents from Northern Russia. Information on inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity as well as conduct problems was obtained through teacher ratings, while information on RSB (previous unprotected sex, number of sexual partners, sex while intoxicated and partner pregnancies), substance use, perception of risk, and parenting behaviour was based on students’ self-reports. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine associations between the variables.Results:Teacher-rated inattention symptoms predicted RSB, independently of co-morbid conduct problems, substance use, risk perception, and different parenting styles (parental warmth, involvement and control). In addition, male sex, binge drinking and a lower assessment of perceived risk were all significantly associated with RSB in an adjusted model. Neither teacher-rated hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms nor conduct problems were linked to RSB in the full model.Conclusions:Deficits in planning and organizing behaviours, being easily distracted and forgetful seem to be of importance for RSB in Russian adolescents. This highlights the importance of discriminating between different ADHD symptoms in adolescence to prevent risk behaviours and their potentially detrimental outcomes on health and well-being.

scholarly journals Emotional and behavioural pathways to adolescent substance use and antisocial behaviour: results from the UK Millennium Cohort Study_PREPRINT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Picoito ◽  
Constança Santos ◽  
Carla Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Behavioural Symptoms ◽  
Growth Mixture Modelling ◽  
The Uk

AbstractThis study examines the emotional and behavioural pathways to adolescent substance use and antisocial behaviour. Using a sample of 17,223 participants from the UK Millennium Cohort Study, we applied parallel-process growth mixture modelling on emotional and behavioural symptoms in those aged 3 to 14 and employed latent class analysis to identify patterns of substance use and antisocial behaviours at age 14. We then performed a multinomial regression analysis to explore the association between emotional and behavioural trajectories and patterns of adolescent substance use and antisocial behaviours, controlling for sociodemographic, family and maternal factors. We found five trajectories of emotional and behavioural symptoms and four classes of adolescence substance use and antisocial behaviour. Children and adolescents in the ‘high externalising and internalising’ and ‘moderate externalising’ trajectories were more likely to belong to any problematic behaviour class, especially the ‘poly-substance use and antisocial behaviours’ class. Inclusion in the ‘moderate externalising and internalising (childhood limited)’ class was associated with higher odds of belonging to the ‘alcohol and tobacco’ class. These associations remained significant after controlling for important sociodemographic and contextual factors, such as maternal substance use, poverty, and parental status. Interventions on adolescent health promotion and risk behaviour prevention need to address the clustering of substance use and antisocial behaviour as well as the significant influence of early and chronic internalising and externalising symptoms on the aetiology of these behaviours.

scholarly journals Social Participation Patterns and Well-Being Among Older Adults: Findings From the United States, the UK, and China

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 293-294
Author(s):  
Yun Zhou ◽  
Bei Wu ◽  
Chenxin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk

Abstract This study used Latent Class Analysis to examine patterns of social participation among older adults in the US, the UK, and China, from the three nationally representative surveys conducted in 2018-2019: The Health and Retirement Study, the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Although the profiles of social participation were distinctively different, several common patterns were found: Comprehensive Participants, Occasional Participants, and Deficient Participants. It was estimated that less than 10% of older adults from these countries were extensively engaged in social participation. Seventy-seven percent of Chinese older adults were shown being “Deficient Participants”, and the percentages were 29% and 20% in the US and the UK, respectively. The findings showed positive associations of levels of participation with socioeconomic status and health. The magnitudes of these associations varied across the nations. Actions are needed to promote levels of participation for Chinese older adults.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document