scholarly journals A Social Gradient of Cortical Thickness Relative to Age in Adolescence: Relations Among Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage, Advanced Cortical Thinning, and Depressive Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Miller ◽  
vanessa Lopez ◽  
Jessica L. Buthmann ◽  
Jordan Garcia ◽  
Ian Gotlib
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽  
Social Gradient ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Superior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Cortical Thinning ◽  
Neighborhood Ses

Background: Mental and physical health are affected by family and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES). Accelerated biological aging in the context of lower SES is one mechanism that might contribute to underlying health disparities; few studies, however, have considered neighborhood SES in relation to neural markers of biological aging in adolescents. Methods: In 120 adolescents 13-18 years of age, we examined family and neighborhood SES in relation to biological aging in the brain, indexed by cortical thickness relative to chronological age. We also examined whether advanced cortical thinning relative to age was related to depressive symptoms and explored regions of interest.Results: Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was uniquely associated with advanced cortical thinning in the left hemisphere (=-.20), which was related to more severe depressive symptoms (=-.33). In contrast, family income-to-needs was not significantly associated with cortical thickness age after controlling for relevant covariates. In exploratory, covariate-adjusted analyses of cortical thickness relative to age at the regional level, neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with advanced cortical thinning in the left superior frontal gyrus (=-.27), fusiform gyrus (=-.20), and insula (=-.21). Of these regions, only advanced cortical thinning in the left superior frontal gyrus was associated with more severe depressive symptoms (=-.18). Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence for a social gradient of accelerated biological aging at the neural level during adolescence. Adolescents living in less advantaged communities have a thinner left hemisphere cortex than expected given their chronological age. Advanced cortical thinning may increase risk for depression in adolescence.

scholarly journals Associations Between Neighborhood SES Disadvantage and Feelings of Depression and Loneliness in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 917-917
Author(s):  
Dextiny McCain ◽  
Adrienne Aiken Morgan ◽  
Regina Wright
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Neighborhood Ses

Abstract Previous research suggests depressive symptoms and loneliness are increasingly prevalent among older adults living in lower-income neighborhoods. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with depressive symptoms and loneliness among a sample of older adults from the Healthy Heart and Mind Study (N = 165; mean age = 68.48 (SD = 6.26); 66.7% women; 40.6% African American). It was hypothesized that older adults living in neighborhoods with greater socioeconomic disadvantage would report more depressive symptoms and loneliness than those residing in neighborhoods with less socioeconomic disadvantage. Depression was assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and loneliness was assessed using the Revised University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness scale. Neighborhood SES was measured with the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), which allows rankings of neighborhoods by SES disadvantage both statewide and nationally. After controlling for demographic variables (age, sex, and race), linear regression analyses showed that greater neighborhood SES disadvantage was associated with higher depression scores (β = -.094; p = .041) and higher loneliness scores (β = -.258; p = .003). These findings highlight the importance of neighborhood context on mental health in older adults, as underserved populations are more likely to experience declines in mental health under strenuous circumstances. Future research should investigate the impact of neighborhood SES on mental health in aging adults.

scholarly journals Disparities in the pace of biological aging among midlife adults of the same chronological age have implications for future frailty risk and policy

Nature Aging ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell L. Elliott ◽  
Avshalom Caspi ◽  
Renate M. Houts ◽  
Antony Ambler ◽  
Jonathan M. Broadbent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronological Age ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Midlife Adults

scholarly journals Racial Differences in DNA Methylation-Based Age Acceleration in Preeclamptic and Normotensive Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lacey W. Heinsberg ◽  
Mitali Ray ◽  
Yvette P. Conley ◽  
James M. Roberts ◽  
Arun Jeyabalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Cellular Aging ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dna Methylation Age

ABSTRACTBackgroundPreeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Chronological age and race are associated with increased risk of preeclampsia; however, the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and how these risk factors impact its development, are not entirely understood. This gap precludes clinical interventions to prevent preeclampsia occurrence or to address stark racial disparities in maternal and neonatal outcomes. Of note, cellular aging rates can differ between individuals and chronological age is often a poor surrogate of biological age. DNA methylation age provides a marker of biological aging, and those with a DNA methylation age greater than their chronological age have ‘age acceleration’. Examining age acceleration in the context of preeclampsia status, and race, could strengthen our understanding of preeclampsia pathophysiology, inform future interventions to improve maternal/neonatal outcomes, and provide insight to racial disparities across pregnancy.ObjectivesThe purpose of this exploratory study was to examine associations between age acceleration, preeclampsia status, and race across pregnancy.Study designThis was a longitudinal, observational, case-control study of 56 pregnant individuals who developed preeclampsia (n=28) or were normotensive controls (n=28). Peripheral blood samples were collected at trimester-specific time points and genome-wide DNA methylation data were generated using the Infinium MethylationEPIC Beadchip. DNA methylation age was estimated using the Elastic Net ‘Improved Precision’ clock and age acceleration was computed as Δage, the difference between DNA methylation age and chronological age. DNA methylation age was compared with chronological age using scatterplots and Pearson correlations, while considering preeclampsia status and race. The relationships between preeclampsia status, race, and Δage were formally tested using multiple linear regression, while adjusting for pre-pregnancy body mass index, chronological age, and (chronological age)2. Regressions were performed both with and without consideration of cell-type heterogeneity.ResultsWe observed strong correlations between chronological age and DNA methylation age in all trimesters, ranging from R=0.91-0.95 in cases and R=0.86-0.90 in controls. We observed significantly stronger correlations between chronological age and DNA methylation age in White versus Black participants ranging from R=0.89-0.98 in White participants and R=0.77-0.83 in Black participants. We observed no association between Δage and preeclampsia status within trimesters. However, even while controlling for covariates, Δage was higher in trimester 1 in participants with higher pre-pregnancy BMI (β=0.12, 95% CI=0.02 to 0.22, p=0.02) and lower in Black participants relative to White participants in trimesters 2 (β=−2.68, 95% CI=−4.43 to −0.94, p=0.003) and 3 (β=−2.10, 95% CI=−4.03 to −0.17, p=0.03). When controlling for cell-type heterogeneity, the observations with BMI in trimester 1 and race in trimester 2 persisted.ConclusionsWe report no association between Δage and preeclampsia status, although there were associations with pre-pregnancy BMI and race. In particular, our findings in a small sample demonstrate the need for additional studies to not only investigate the complex pathophysiology of preeclampsia, but also the relationship between race and biological aging, which could provide further insight into racial disparities in pregnancy and birth. Future efforts to confirm these findings in larger samples, including exploration and applications of other epigenetic clocks, is needed.

The Association Between Subjective Age and Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: Results From a Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Stephan ◽  
Angelina R Sutin ◽  
Brice Canada ◽  
Antonio Terracciano
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Cognitive Risk ◽  
Dementia Risk

Abstract Objectives The motoric cognitive risk (MCR) syndrome, characterized by cognitive complaints and slower gait speed, is a predementia syndrome associated with dementia and mortality risk. The present study examined whether subjective age, that is, how old or young individuals feel relative to their chronological age, is related to concurrent and incident MCR syndrome. A relation between subjective age and MCR will inform knowledge on psychological factors related to dementia risk, identify who is at greater risk, and suggest a potential target of intervention. Methods The study sample was composed of 6,341 individuals aged 65–107 years without dementia from the Health and Retirement Study, a longitudinal study of adults aged 50 years and older. Participants completed measures of subjective age, cognitive complaints, and gait speed and provided information on demographic factors, cognition, physical activity, depressive symptoms, and body mass index (BMI) at baseline in 2008/2010. Incident MCR was assessed 4 and 8 years later. Results Controlling for demographic factors, an older subjective age was related to more than 60% higher likelihood of MCR at baseline and to around 50% higher risk of incident MCR over time. These associations remained significant when cognition, physical inactivity, depressive symptoms, and BMI were included in the analytic models. Discussion This study provides evidence that how old individuals feel is related to concurrent and incident MCR beyond the effect of chronological age, other demographic factors, physical inactivity, depressive symptoms, BMI, and cognitive functioning.

scholarly journals COMPARABILITY OF BIOLOGICAL AGING MEASURES IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION STUDY, 1999-2002

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S479-S479
Author(s):  
Waylon J Hastings ◽  
Daniel Belsky ◽  
Idan Shalev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Patient Level ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Level Information

Abstract Biological processes of aging are thought to be modifiable causes of many chronic diseases. Measures of biological aging could provide sensitive endpoints for studies of risk factors hypothesized to shorten healthy lifespan and/or interventions that extend it. However, uncertainty remains about how to measure biological aging and if proposed measures assess the same thing. We tested four proposed measures of biological aging with available data from NHANES 1999-2002: Klemera-Doubal method (KDM) Biological Age, homeostatic dysregulation, Levine Method (LM) Biological Age, and leukocyte telomere length. All measures of biological aging were correlated with chronological age. KDM Biological Age, homeostatic dysregulation, and LM Biological Age were all significantly associated with each other, but were each not associated with telomere length. NHANES participants with older biological ages performed worse on tests of physical, cognitive, perceptual, and subjective functions known to decline with advancing chronological age and thought to mediate age-related disability. Further, NHANES participants with higher levels of exposure to life-course risk factors were measured as having older biological ages. In both sets of analyses, effect-sizes tended to be larger for KDM Biological Age, homeostatic dysregulation, and LM Biological Age as compared to telomere length. Composite measures combining cellular- and patient-level information tended to have the largest effect-sizes. The cellular-level aging biomarker telomere length may measure different aspects of the aging process relative to the patient-level physiological measures. Studies aiming to test if risk factors accelerate aging or if interventions may slow aging should not treat proposed measures of biological aging as interchangeable.

scholarly journals Resilience in the midst of chaos: Socioecological model applied to women with depressive symptoms and socioeconomic disadvantage

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1000-1013
Author(s):  
Ellen Poleshuck ◽  
Wanda Perez‐Diaz ◽  
Marsha Wittink ◽  
Michelle ReQua ◽  
Amy Harrington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽  
Socioecological Model

scholarly journals Exploring Epigenetic Age in Response to Intensive Relaxing Training: A Pilot Study to Slow Down Biological Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavanello ◽  
Campisi ◽  
Tona ◽  
Lin ◽  
Iliceto
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Epigenetic Clock ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Epigenetic Age

DNA methylation (DNAm) is an emerging estimator of biological aging, i.e., the often-defined “epigenetic clock”, with a unique accuracy for chronological age estimation (DNAmAge). In this pilot longitudinal study, we examine the hypothesis that intensive relaxing training of 60 days in patients after myocardial infarction and in healthy subjects may influence leucocyte DNAmAge by turning back the epigenetic clock. Moreover, we compare DNAmAge with another mechanism of biological age, leucocyte telomere length (LTL) and telomerase. DNAmAge is reduced after training in healthy subjects (p = 0.053), but not in patients. LTL is preserved after intervention in healthy subjects, while it continues to decrease in patients (p = 0.051). The conventional negative correlation between LTL and chronological age becomes positive after training in both patients (p < 0.01) and healthy subjects (p < 0.05). In our subjects, DNAmAge is not associated with LTL. Our findings would suggest that intensive relaxing practices influence different aging molecular mechanisms, i.e., DNAmAge and LTL, with a rejuvenating effect. Our study reveals that DNAmAge may represent an accurate tool to measure the effectiveness of lifestyle-based interventions in the prevention of age-related diseases.

scholarly journals INFLUENCING FACTORS OF SUBJECTIVE AGE: FINDINGS FROM THE KUSATSU LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON AGING AND HEALTH

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S695-S696
Author(s):  
Tomoko Ikeuchi ◽  
Satoshi Seino ◽  
Yu Taniguchi ◽  
Miki Narita ◽  
Takumi Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Years Of Schooling

Abstract Background: Subjective age (SA) has been found to be a biopsychosocial marker of aging, yet little is known about factors that influence SA development. This study examined factors influencing SA using longitudinal data of community-dwelling older Japanese. Methods: Data drawn from the Kusatsu Longitudinal Study were collected during annual health check-ups in 2017 and 2018 from participants (aged 65-95) who completed all the measurement items used for this analysis (N=981). SA was indexed by asking participants to specify in years how old they felt. Proportional discrepancy scores ((subjective age - chronological age)/chronological age ×100) were calculated to indicate younger or older SAs and used as a dependent variable. As influencing factors of SA, chronological age, sex, years of schooling, history of smoking, cognitive function (using MMSE scores, range 14-30 at baseline), depressive symptoms, physical function (gait speed), and social function (employment status) were examined. Analyses were performed with random-effects GLS regression models. Results: Significant partial regression coefficients were found for cognitive function (0.48%, CI: 0.18, 0.79), years of schooling (-0.42%, CI: -0.69, -0.15), depressive symptoms (0.32%, CI: 0.11, 0.53), and chronological age (-0.18%, CI: -0.30, -0.68). Implications: This study found that older age and longer years of schooling were associated with younger SA, while better cognition and depressive symptoms were linked to older SA. Better cognition being associated with older SA was inconsistent with existing studies. This may be due in part to the association of better cognition and the level of satisfaction influenced by awareness of age-related physical/social changes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document