scholarly journals Factors Influencing University Students’ Explicit and Implicit Sexual Double Standards

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kitchener Sakaluk ◽  
Robin Milhausen
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Double Standard ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Sexual Double Standard ◽  
Socially Desirable Responding ◽  
Methodological Innovation ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
Factors Influencing

Quantitative research has resulted in inconsistent evidence for the existence of a sexual double standard, leading Crawford and Popp (2003) to issue a call for methodological innovation. The Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) is a measure that may provide a means to examine the double standard without the contamination of the demand characteristics and social desirability biases that plague self-report research (Marks & Fraley, 2005). The purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing explicit and implicit double standards, and to examine the relationship between these explicit and implicit double standards, and levels of socially desirable responding. 103 university students completed a sexual double standard IAT, an explicit measure of the double standard and measures of socially desirable responding. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that levels of socially desirable responding were not related to implicit or explicit double standards. Men endorsed a stronger explicit traditional double standard than women, whereas for implicit sexual standards, men demonstrated a relatively gender-neutral evaluation and women demonstrated a strong reverse double standard. These results suggest the existence of a complex double standard, and indicate that more research of sexual attitudes should include implicit measures.

scholarly journals Not One Sexual Double Standard but Two? Adolescents’ Attitudes About Appropriate Sexual Behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 0044118X2095792
Author(s):  
Maud Hensums ◽  
Geertjan Overbeek ◽  
Terrence D. Jorgensen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Female Sexuality ◽  
Measurement Equivalence ◽  
Double Standard ◽  
Sexual Double Standard ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
Female Sexual Behavior ◽  
Male Sexual Behavior ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Sexual Double Standards

Popular belief holds that sexual behavior is evaluated more liberally for males than females. However, the assessment of this “sexual double standard” is controversial. Therefore, we investigated measurement equivalence of commonly used items to assess sexual double standards in previous research. Based on established measurement equivalence, we investigated whether adolescents endorsed a sexual double standard. Using data from 455 adolescents ( Mage = 14.51, SD = 0.64), confirmatory factor analyzes showed that the sexual double standard concept was measurement equivalent across sex, and partly across evaluations of the same and opposite sex. Factor analyzes demonstrated that there was not one, but two sexual double standards. Male adolescents evaluated male sexual behavior more liberally than female sexual behavior, but female adolescents evaluated female sexual behavior more liberally than male sexual behavior. This contradicts the traditional notion of the existence of one sexual double standard that favors male and suppresses female sexuality.

Executive Functioning Predicts Academic But Not Social Adjustment to University

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (14) ◽  
pp. 1792-1800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitley A. Sheehan ◽  
Grace Iarocci
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
University Students ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Academic Adjustment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
Healthy Sample

Objective: Adjusting well academically and socially has been associated with enhanced academic performance and student retention. The purpose of this study was to examine subthreshold levels of ADHD symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and executive functioning as potential predictors of academic and social adjustment in a healthy sample of university students. Method: Participants were 135 undergraduate university students who completed self-report questionnaires. Results: Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that metacognition (an aspect of executive function), gender, and age were significant predictors of academic adjustment beyond hyperactivity, inattention, and depression. Depression was the only significant predictor of social adjustment. Conclusion: The BASC–College form may identify depression symptoms predictive of social adjustment, but symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity are not sufficiently sensitive to predict academic adjustment. Measures of executive function that include metacognition such as the BRIEF-A may be most promising in identifying skills predictive of academic adjustment.

Are Women Still Judged by Their Sexual Behaviour? Prevalence and Problems Linked to Sexual Double Standard Amongst University Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Montserrat González-Marugán ◽  
María Elena Felipe Castaño ◽  
Montserrat Marugán de Miguelsanz ◽  
Luis Jorge Martín Antón
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Double Standard ◽  
Sexual Double Standard

Variation in Sexual Double Standards across Schools

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 702-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Soller ◽  
Dana L. Haynie
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Double Standard ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexual Double Standard ◽  
Adolescent Sexual Behavior ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
School Based ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sexual Double Standards

The sexual double standard—a condition in which sexual activity is perceived to entail more social benefits for boys and men than for girls and women—has implications for adolescent sexual behavior. We employ an innovative assessment of the sexual double standard, measuring the strength of it across 75 high schools with Add Health data ( N = 8,458). Drawing on theories of culture and gender, we test the association between school-based sexual double standards and the number of sexual partners reported by adolescents, paying particular attention to gender differences in the association. Results indicate substantial variation in the strength of the sexual double standard across schools. In addition, boys report greater numbers of sexual partners as the sexual double standard in their school becomes stronger. Conversely, the sexual double standard is not associated with the number of girls’ partners. This study illustrates the interactive roles of gender and culture in shaping adolescent sexual behavior.

scholarly journals To Vote or Not To Vote: Marketing Factors Influencing the Voting Intention of University Students in Johannesburg

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (6(J)) ◽  
pp. 81-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Morar ◽  
Tinashe Chuchu .
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
University Students ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Vital Importance ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Democratic Election ◽  
The University

Voting intention has become an issue of concern worldwide with regard to successful political elections. With only 6% of South Africa’s youth having registered to vote in the 2014 elections, it is of vital importance to get a better understanding of the main reasons behind these statistics and factors that have influenced voting intentions. Although several studies have explored this area of research, it remains a topic of interest. This research paper aims to examine the factors behind voting intention of the youth in South Africa, as most are in their first or second democratic election. This study adds to existing literature on political parties as brands and factors influencing the youth’s intention to vote. These factors include advertising mediums, convenience factors of location and registration, and social pressures from peers or family on voting intention. By means of quantitative research, two hundred and fifty questionnaires were distributed amongst students from the University of Witwatersrand. The findings indicate that five of the six hypotheses are insignificant with the exception of radio advertising. The results of this study provide political parties with a better understanding of the factors that prove to be ineffective when targeting Generation Y consumers in South Africa. It further provides political parties with an opportunity to more successfully reach such individuals through other media platforms.

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