scholarly journals Detecting social transmission in the design of artifacts via inverse planning

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Hurwitz ◽  
Timothy F. Brady ◽  
Adena Schachner
Keyword(s):  
Formal Model ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Planning Model ◽  
Functional Constraints ◽  
Inverse Planning ◽  
Reasoning Process ◽  
The People ◽  
Availability Constraints ◽  
Puzzle Box ◽  
Design Ideas

How do people use human-made objects (artifacts) to learn about the people and actions that created them? We test the richness of people’s reasoning in this domain, focusing on the task of judging whether social transmission has occurred (i.e. whether one person copied another). We develop a formal model of this reasoning process as a form of rational inverse planning, which predicts that rather than solely focusing on artifacts’ similarity to judge whether copying occurred, people should also take into account availability constraints (the materials available), and functional constraints (which materials work). Using an artifact-building task where two characters build tools to solve a puzzle box, we find that this inverse planning model predicts trial-by-trial judgments, whereas simpler models that do not consider availability or functional constraints do not. This suggests people use a process like inverse planning to make flexible inferences from artifacts’ features about the source of design ideas.

scholarly journals Children use inverse planning to detect social transmission in design of artifacts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison Leigh Pesowski ◽  
Alyssa Quy ◽  
Michelle Lee ◽  
Adena Schachner
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Inverse Planning ◽  
Perceptual Features ◽  
The People ◽  
Generative Processes ◽  
Flexible Inference

Do children use objects to infer the people and actions that created them? We ask how children judge whether designs were socially transmitted (copied), asking if children use a simple perceptual heuristic (more similar = more likely copied), or make a rational, flexible inference (Bayesian inverse planning). We found evidence that children use inverse planning to reason about artifacts’ designs: When children saw two identical designs, they did not always infer copying occurred. Instead, similarity was weaker evidence of copying when an alternative explanation ‘explained away’ the similarity. Thus, children inferred copying had occurred less often when designs were efficient (Exp1, age 7-9; N=52), and when there was a constraint that limited the number of possible designs (Exp2, age 4-5; N=160). When thinking about artifacts, young children go beyond perceptual features and use a process like inverse planning to reason about the generative processes involved in design.

scholarly journals Intuitive Archeology: Detecting social transmission in the design of artifacts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adena Schachner ◽  
Timothy F. Brady ◽  
Kiani Oro ◽  
Michelle Lee
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Model ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
The People ◽  
Trial Basis ◽  
Train Tracks

Human-made objects (artifacts) often provide rich social information about the people who created them. We explore how people reason about others from the objects they create, characterizing inferences about when social transmission of ideas (copying) has occurred. We test whether judgments are driven by perceptual heuristics, or structured explanation- based reasoning. We develop a Bayesian model of explanation-based inference from artifacts and a simpler model of perceptual heuristics, and ask which better predicts people’s judgments. Our artifact-building task involved two characters who built toy train tracks. Participants viewed pairs of tracks, and judged whether copying had occurred. Our explanation-based model accurately predicted on a trial-by- trial basis when participants inferred copying; the perceptual heuristics model was significantly less accurate. Efficient design ‘explained away’ similarity, making similarity weaker evidence of copying for efficient tracks. Overall, data show that like intuitive archeologists, people make rich explanation-based inferences about others from the objects they create.

scholarly journals The Pedagogy of Creative Placemaking: A Field Begins to Come of Age

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Rubin ◽  
◽  
Celina Tchida ◽  
Maria Rosario Jackson ◽  
Theresa Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arts Organizations ◽  
Art And Design ◽  
The People ◽  
Creative Placemaking ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Community Outcomes ◽  
Working Together ◽  
To Come ◽  
Community Projects ◽  
Design Ideas

Creative placemaking has been evolving from a narrow definiti on of applying art and design ideas to community projects into a more expansive, equity-focused field of practice. As the funder consortium Art Place America describes it, “Creati ve placemaking happens when artists and arts organizations join their neighbors in shaping their community’s future, working together on place-based community outcomes. It’s not necessarily focused on making places more creative; it’s about creatively addressing challenges and opportunities…. creative placemaking at its best is locally defined and informed and about the people who live, work, and play in a place.”

Study on 7D Planning Model of Synthesized Design Method Based on Systems Engineering

2009 ◽  
Vol 16-19 ◽  
pp. 445-449
Author(s):  
Xiao Peng Li ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Zhao Hui Ren ◽  
Bang Chun Wen
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Planning Model ◽  
Customer Requirements ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Design Environments ◽  
Design Ideas

From the view of the point of the systems engineering, the model of 7D planning of product design is presented in this paper based on the previous work. The planning of products design includes design ideas, design environments, design objective, design process, design contents, design methods and the design quality evaluation methods, so named 7D planning model. Besides the understanding of the customer requirements, the seven aspects of 7D planning should be considered completely and planned systematically. The paper makes a detailed expatiation of the 7D planning model of synthesized design method based on systems engineering.

scholarly journals Montessori Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Lucy Mendoza ◽  
Andres Escamilla ◽  
Ana Cristina García-Luna Romero
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Previous Analysis ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Architectural Element ◽  
The People ◽  
Montessori Method ◽  
Form Design ◽  
Design Ideas

The architectural character of a building is based on different aspects. In order to understand the spirit of each building, we must study functional, associated and personal elements of it. Each architectural element differs in each aspect since each one is based on previous analysis and studies to be able to emerge and reach its purpose. The Montessori architectural project is based on research on the method of this system that provides environments prepared for the proper development of children in education. The classrooms, materiality, socialization, environments and spaces are studied in order to be able to generate and gradually form design ideas to generate the project in a successful way. It is decided based on the information obtained by previous studies, to use the neuroarchitecture design guideline to be able to meet the guidelines and objectives of this Montessori method, since this guiding concept goes beyond the study of space, but involves the emotions and feelings of the people who live the spaces. In this way, it is better understood that what guides us to the architectural design of the proposal based on the Montessori method are the studies of neuroarchitecture.

scholarly journals BREAK THE CHAIN OF TERRORISM THROUGH DERADICALIZATION OF (FORMER) TERRORISTS’ CHILDREN: NARRATION FROM AL-HIDAYAH PESANTREN, MEDAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
Erin Gayatri ◽  
Kustini Kosasih
Keyword(s):  
Formal Model ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
School Life ◽  
Is Success ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Education Platform ◽  
New Generation

Many countries strongly rely on deradicalization path to solve terrorism catastrophe. However, they mostly still focus on the terrorists themselves and lack of attention to the people around them particularly their children. While in some local to the international cases of terrorism, children have involved actively in those acts. This article delivers a significant instance on how to avert the new generation of terrorism particularly from the kinship path. This article focuses on an Islamic boarding school or pesantren (Al-Hidayah) run by a former terrorist (Al-Ghazali) with the main purpose is deradicalization program towards the terrorists’ children. This article is based on the field research, the collecting of the data using depth interview as the primer data and exposure some references as the secondary data. This article found that deradicalization towards terrorist’s children is better under the education platform or pesantren, because it provides two things; firstly, children can gain their right to reach the education after they were marginalized even excluded from their former school. Secondly, it becomes a new home for the children where support the way to apply deradicalization program through the formal model (within the class) and informal model (out the class). There are four significant prograsm that Al-Hidayah pesantren applied namely a green school, life skill, tahfiz class, and trauma healing. Generally, it is success as a curative and preventive action. Although the pesantren receives some financial supports from the government and some other parties, it still struggles to raise more funds to provide free education for its student.

scholarly journals KAMPANYE STRATEGIS MELAWAN RADIKALISME: MERANCANG MODEL PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL | A STRATEGIC CAMPAIGN AGAINST RADICALISM: A PLANNING MODEL FOR MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Yosef Keladu Koten
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Planning Model ◽  
Multicultural Community ◽  
The People ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Radical Ideas

<b>Abstract:</b> Radicalism seriously threatens modern pluralistic communities. In recent times, many national states have put in place strategic plans to fight against radicalism, or to lessen the impact of radical ideas or behaviour. This is known as the process of de-radicalisation. This isn’t an easy process there are many reasons behind the growth of radicalism. One of these is the simple acceptance of differences without trying to understand those differences and the similarities of the people of a country. This can be signified by, and caused by a process of uniformity, which can be seen in the system of education. With this in mind, this article proposes a strategic, effective campaign against radicalism, beginning with a model of multicultural education. Multicultural education promotes the principle of inclusiveness, diversity, democracy and critical thinking which is appropriate for a pluralistic country which enables the education of people to live in a multicultural community. <b>Keywords:</b> Radicalism, inability to think, diversity, ideology, multiculturalism, multicultural education. <b>Abstrak:</b> Radikalisme menyebarkan ancaman serius terhadap komunitas pluralistis modern. Selama beberapa dekade terakhir, banyak negara di dunia menetapkan rencana-rencana strategis untuk berperang melawan radikalisme atau untuk mengurangi ide-ide atau perilaku radikal. Yang terakhir ini disebut dengan proses de-radikalisasi. Proses seperti ini tidak gampang karena banyaknya alasan di balik munculnya radikalisme dan salah satunya ialah karena adanya perilaku menerima begitu saja perbedaan tanpa ada upaya untuk memahami perbedaan dan kesamaan semua anggota dari sebuah negara. Hal ini ditengarai, disebabkan salah satunya oleh proses penyeragaman, termasuk dalam sistem pendidikan. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini menganjurkan sebuah kampanye strategis yang efektik untuk melawan radikalisme yaitu dimulai dengan merancang sebuah model pendidikan multikultural. Pendidikan multikultural mempromosikan prinsip inklusi, diversitas, demokrasi, dan pemikiran kritis yang cocok untuk sebuah negara plural yang memampukan peserta didik untuk hidup dalam sebuah komunitas multikultural. <b>Kata-kata Kunci:</b> radikalisme, ketidakmampuan berpikir, kebhinekaan, ideologi, multikulturalisme, pendidikan multikultural

The Research of Interaction Design Concept in Architectural Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 2269-2273
Author(s):  
Li Ya Fan ◽  
Xue Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
Design Ideas

Based on the knowledge and understanding of interaction design, we Trigger the architectural design concept. The target is introducing the concept of interaction design to architectural design. Using the interaction design methods and ways of thinking, expanding architectural design ideas, improving the design approach and further explore the interaction design about the people and buildings, as well as the object and buildings.

scholarly journals STUDIO KOMIK AGORA DI BANJARABRU

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
Katrun Annada ◽  
Gusti Novi Sarbini
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensions ◽  
The People ◽  
Gathering Place ◽  
Design Ideas

The Agora Comics Studio in Banjarbaru is a studio building that is not only a place for drawing but also a place that provides a gathering place for the community to enjoy comics with various activities. By applying comic elements into the building as a place to make the story in three dimensions and the people in it are indirectly involved as characters for their own stories. The application of the methods of  superimpose theories can solve problems and provide design ideas. Resulting in a 3D Story concept which became the idea of ​​the Agora Comic Study building in Banjarbaru.

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