scholarly journals The Big Five Across Socioeconomic Status: Measurement Invariance, Relationships, and Age Trends

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley T Hughes ◽  
Cory Kennedy Costello ◽  
Joshua Pearman ◽  
Pooya Razavi ◽  
Cianna Bedford-Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Unbiased Estimation ◽  
Occupational Prestige ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Investment Theory ◽  
Age Trends

Associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and personality traits have important implications for theory and application. Progress in understanding these associations depends on valid measurement, unbiased estimation, and careful assessment of generalizability. In this registered report, we used data from AIID, a large online study, to address three basic questions about personality and SES. First, we evaluated the measurement invariance of a common measure of personality, the Big Five Inventory, across indicators of educational attainment, income, and occupational prestige. Fit indices showed some instances of detectable noninvariance, but with little practical impact on substantive results. Second, we estimated associations between SES and personality. Results showed that personality and SES were largely independent (most rs < .1), in contrast to predictions derived from several previous studies. Third, we tested whether age trends in personality were moderated by SES. Results did not support predictions from social investment theory, but they did suggest that age trends were largely generalizable across SES. We discuss the implications of these findings for developing and validating personality measures for use in diverse samples. We also discuss the implications for theories that propose that the Big Five are responsive to, or partially responsible for, people’s economic and social conditions.

scholarly journals The Big Five Across Socioeconomic Status: Measurement Invariance, Relationships, and Age Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley T. Hughes ◽  
Cory K. Costello ◽  
Joshua Pearman ◽  
Pooya Razavi ◽  
Cianna Bedford-Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Unbiased Estimation ◽  
Occupational Prestige ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Investment Theory ◽  
Age Trends

Associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and personality traits have important implications for theory and application. Progress in understanding these associations depends on valid measurement, unbiased estimation, and careful assessment of generalizability. In this registered report, we used data from AIID, a large online study, to address three basic questions about personality and SES. First, we evaluated the measurement invariance of a common measure of personality, the Big Five Inventory, across indicators of educational attainment, income, and occupational prestige. Fit indices showed some instances of detectable noninvariance, but with little practical impact on substantive results. Second, we estimated associations between SES and personality. Results showed that personality and SES were largely independent (most rs < .1), in contrast to predictions derived from several previous studies. Third, we tested whether age trends in personality were moderated by SES. Results did not support predictions from social investment theory, but they did suggest that age trends were largely generalizable across SES. We discuss the implications of these findings for developing and validating personality measures for use in diverse samples. We also discuss the implications for theories that propose that the Big Five are responsive to, or partially responsible for, people’s economic and social conditions.

scholarly journals The Big Five Across Socioeconomic Status: Measurement Invariance, Relationships, and Age Trends

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley T Hughes ◽  
Cory Kennedy Costello ◽  
Joshua Pearman ◽  
Pooya Razavi ◽  
Cianna Bedford-Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Occupational Prestige ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Age Trends ◽  
Future Work

Stage 1 Registered Report: Associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and personality, traits and developmental trajectories, have important implications for theory and application. Progress in understanding these associations depends on evaluating how well personality measures function in socioeconomically diverse samples. In the present study, we will use the confirmatory dataset from AIID, a large online study, to address three basic questions about personality and SES. First, we will evaluate the measurement invariance of a common measure of personality, the Big Five Inventory, across indicators of education, income, and occupational prestige. Second, we will estimate previously reported associations between SES indicators and personality in new data to see if they align with past evidence. Third, we will test whether mean-level age trends in personality generalize across levels of SES. The results will have important implications for the validity of past and future research on associations between personality and SES. Additionally, the results will provide insight into differences in personality development trajectories that can inform future work investigating the causal mechanisms between personality and SES.

Measurement invariance of a new Big Five Inventory across five countries

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Sommer ◽  
Martin Arendasy ◽  
Elke Gruber ◽  
Fritz Mayr
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Big Five Inventory

Measurement invariance of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in parents of individuals with disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Eun-Young Park ◽  
Joungmin Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Invariance Model

We aimed to verify the factor model and measurement invariance of the abbreviated Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale by conducting a confirmatory factor analysis using data from 761 parents of individuals with intellectual disabilities who completed the scale as part of the 2011 Survey on the Actual Conditions of Individuals with Developmental Disabilities, South Korea, and 7,301 participants from the general population who completed the scale as part of the 2011 Welfare Panel Study and Survey by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, South Korea. We used fit indices to assess data reliability and Amos 22.0 for data analysis. According to the results, the 4-factor model had an appropriate fit to the data and the regression coefficients were significant. However, the chi-square difference test result was nonsignificant; therefore, the metric invariance model was the most appropriate measurement invariance model for the data. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Judging What Others Enjoy: Desirability and Observability of Interests

2021 ◽  
pp. 106907272110558
Author(s):  
Miranda M. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Career Interests ◽  
Occupational Prestige ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Personality Assessments ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Advance Knowledge

Interests guide major life decisions such as choosing a career path, yet little is known about the subjective characteristics of individual differences in interests. Prior research on personality traits has demonstrated that subjective trait perceptions influence the validity and reliability of personality assessments. The current work expands the study of these subjective characteristics to individual differences in interests. Desirability and observability were assessed among 13 constructs: person orientation, thing orientation, RIASEC career interests, and Big Five traits. Judgments of interest dimensions varied considerably, with socially-related interests rated more desirable than thing-related interests. Some career-related interests were low in observability, and thus may be susceptible to being overlooked or categorized inaccurately. The patterns observed in interest characteristics were comparable to patterns in career choice hit rates, occupational prestige, and self-other convergence. The findings advance knowledge of differences between interest dimensions and suggest that subjective perceptions should be considered in interest assessment.

Physical Attractiveness and Occupational Prestige among Male College Graduates

1980 ◽  
Vol 47 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1275-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Sparacino
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Occupational Prestige ◽  
Graduate Degree ◽  
Male College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Regression Toward The Mean

A set of archival data was used to test the hypothesis that physical attractiveness is positively associated with socioeconomic status among men. Consistent with earlier research, more attractive men earned equivalent grades while undergraduates. They were also no more likely to have subsequently earned a graduate degree or to have held jobs characterized by higher status as indexed by Duncan (1961) prestige scores. Attractiveness itself was stable over the 25 yr. for those initially judged to be intermediate in attractiveness. Those who were initially most and least attractive were judged to have declined and increased, respectively, over the period in question, providing evidence for a regression toward the mean.

The Role of Personality and Intelligence in Assortative Mating

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 680-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Escorial ◽  
Carmen Martín-Buro
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Effect Of Age

Assortative mating is the individuals' tendency to mate with those who are similar to them in some variables, at a higher rate than would be expected from random. This study aims to provide empirical evidence of assortative mating through the Big Five model of personality and two measures of intelligence using Spanish samples. The sample consisted of 244 Spanish couples. It was divided into two groups according to relationship time. The effect of age, educational level and socioeconomic status was controlled. The results showed strong assortative mating for intelligence and moderate for personality. The strongest correlations for Personality were found in Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness.

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