scholarly journals Restorative Justice Conferencing as a ‘Holistic’ Process: Convenor Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Suzuki ◽  
William R Wood
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Victim Satisfaction ◽  
Holistic Process ◽  
Key Participants

Restorative justice conferencing (RJC) has demonstrated strengths over traditional criminal justice approaches, including victim satisfaction and redress, and offender perceptions of legitimacy and fairness. However, less is known about how and why. This research examines conference convenor perspectives concerning how and why RJC ‘works’ in terms of such outcomes. The convenor perspective is a poorly investigated area in RJC research, despite the pivotal role that convenors play as ‘key’ participants in RJC practice. Based on semi-structured interviews with convenors involved in the Youth Justice Group Conferencing program in Victoria, findings highlight that not only face-to-face dialogue, but also preparation and follow-up play distinct and important roles in the outcomes of RJC. As preparation and follow-up phases are often dismissed or compromised in practice, this article suggests that RJC should be clearly articulated and implemented as a ‘holistic’ process that requires equal attention to all three phases.

‘I Would Have Been Able to Hear What They Think’: Tensions in Achieving Restorative Outcomes in the English Youth Justice System

Youth Justice ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Newbury
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Present Practice ◽  
English System ◽  
Youth Offender

This article presents findings from in-depth, semi-structured interviews with young offenders and Victim Liaison Officers, and observations of youth offender panels. It focuses upon the attitudes of young offenders towards victims and their reactions to the prospect of meeting the victim of their offending face-to-face as part of their referral order. Significant tensions between the aspirations of restorative justice and the reality of present practice in the English system are examined. The article proposes change in relation to justice disposals for incipient young offenders, particularly in relation to the ubiquitous use of restorative justice approaches for this group.

Criminal Justice Reform in a Transitional Context: Restorative Youth Conferencing in Northern Ireland

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O’Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice Reform ◽  
Transitional Environment

This article examines the incorporation of restorative principles and practices within reforms of Northern Ireland’s youth justice system, adopted following the peace process. It considers whether restorative justice principles can be successfully incorporated into criminal justice reform as part of a process of transitional justice. The article argues that restorative justice principles, when brought within criminal justice, can contribute to the broader process of transitional justice and peace building, particularly in societies where the police and criminal justice system have been entwined in the conflict. In these contexts restorative justice within criminal justice can help civil society to take a stake in the administration and delivery of criminal justice, it can help break down hostility and animosity towards criminal justice and contribute to the development of social justice and civic agency, so enabling civil society to move forward in a transitional environment.

First-Year Japanese Learners' Perceptions of Computerised vs. Face-to-Face Oral Testing

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-220
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Hasegawa ◽  
Julian Chen ◽  
Teagan Collopy
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Oral Proficiency ◽  
First Year ◽  
Oral Performance ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
Japanese Learners

This chapter explores the effectiveness of computerised oral testing on Japanese learners' test experiences and associated affective factors in a Japanese program at the Australian tertiary level. The study investigates (1) Japanese beginners' attitudes towards the feasibility of utilising a computer-generated program vs. a tutor-fronted oral interview to assess their oral proficiency, and (2) the challenges and implications of computerised oral testing vis-à-vis Japanese beginners. It presents the initial findings of the qualitatively analysed data collected from student responses to open-ended survey questions and follow-up semi-structured interviews. A thematic analysis approach was employed to examine student perceptions of the two different test settings and their effects on students' oral performance in relation to test anxiety. Despite the fact that computerised oral testing was overall perceived to be beneficial for streamlining the test process and reducing learners' test anxiety, the findings also identified its limitations.

scholarly journals 110 Participants and Volunteer Host Experiences of First Steps Course for Those Newly Diagnosed with Parkinson’s: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i37-i37
Author(s):  
E R Bodger ◽  
K Ibrahim ◽  
H C Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Information Support ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
The Uk ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction People with Parkinson’s (PwP) and their caregivers often report poor diagnosis experiences and a lack of information, support and control over Parkinson’s. First Steps is a two-day course delivered by volunteers with Parkinson’s, which aims to help those newly diagnosed and their caregivers face the future positively and take control of Parkinson’s. This study aimed to capture the views and experiences of participants and volunteer hosts of First Steps, and evaluate if it meets those aims. Methods Using purposive sampling, twelve participants comprising four PwP, five caregivers and three volunteer hosts were recruited. Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results Course participants found First Steps informative, supportive, and helpful in feeling more positive about Parkinson’s. Participants were reassured by the hosts having Parkinson’s, despite prior concerns regarding seeing people who might have more advanced Parkinson’s. Some found First Steps more relatable than other support services and reported that the course complemented clinician-led courses as the content was aimed at caregivers as well as PwP, with variation in information delivery techniques. Among the PwP and caregivers, two thirds reported a lack of control over Parkinson’s and some felt First Steps had improved their control. Hosts felt they had control over Parkinson’s and perceived their role to be both challenging and rewarding. Conclusions First Steps was perceived as a helpful course, offering information and support for those newly diagnosed and their caregivers in a positive and non-clinical environment. Volunteer hosts felt more control over Parkinson’s than other participants, but there was evidence that the course helped some experience more control. Suggested course improvements included: additions to the presentation content with more emphasis on taking control, and offering group follow up sessions. This will inform current expansion across the UK.

scholarly journals BEING WOMEN AND BEING DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS: SELF-CONCEPTS IN THE MAKING OF VIETNAMESE FEMALE CAREGIVERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S918-S918
Author(s):  
Trang T Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Sociocultural Context ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Moral Self ◽  
Dementia Caregivers ◽  
Role Conflicts ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Feminine

Abstract In Vietnam, the majority of dementia caregivers are women. They play multiple social roles, and confront role conflicts and caregiving burdens with insufficient social supports. Dementia caregiving alters their self-concepts, or who they think they are. This paper aims to explore self-concepts of Vietnamese female caregivers of older relatives with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). In total, 21 face-to-face, semi-structured interviews, including six follow-up interviews, with 13 Vietnamese female caregivers of older patients with AD were conducted. These 13 caregivers were from 44 to 71 years old, mostly spouses of the patients with AD (n = 8), and retired (n = 9). Thematic coding procedure and the program MaxQDA12 were used for data analysis. Results show that the self-concepts of female caregivers in dementia care were complex, contextualized, and manifested in different aspects. First, self-concepts of these female caregivers were the outcome of the interactions between the guided-self and the performed-self. Their guided-self was the self that their social norms and cultural traditions told them about who they should be, while their performed-self was the self they demonstrated to the outside world. The mismatch between these two types of self caused distress among caregivers. Second, caregivers’ self-concept was the combination of the three key types of the self: the moral-self (a filial daughter or a responsible wife); the feminine-self (a patient and graceful women); and the worthy-self (a devoted and helpful caregiver). Understanding Vietnamese women’s self-concepts associated with their sociocultural context will better inform the development of support programs for them.

Evaluating the prevalence and nature of blat in post-Soviet societies

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 747-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin C. Williams ◽  
Olga Onoshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Personal Connections ◽  
Stratified Sample ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The City

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the extent to which the practice of using personal networks to obtain goods and services or to circumvent formal procedures, known as blat in the Soviet era, persists in post-Soviet societies and whether its character has altered. Design/methodology/approach – To do this, the prevalence and nature of blat in the education sector in the city of Mykolayiv in Ukraine is analysed using 200 face-to-face structured interviews with a spatially stratified sample of Mykolayiv residents and 30 follow-up semi-structured in-depth interviews. Findings – The finding is that blat is widely used to gain places in kindergarten, schools and universities. However, unlike Soviet era blat which took the form of non-monetised friendly help in the market-oriented society of post-Soviet Ukraine, both possessing control over access to assets such as education, as well as possessing personal connections to those with control over access to these assets, is increasingly viewed as a commodity to be bought and sold, and illicit informal monetary payments are now commonplace. The result is that nepotism, cronyism, bribery and corruption hinder meritocratic processes. Research limitations/implications – This paper examines the prevalence and nature of blat in just one sector in one post-Soviet country. An analysis across a wider range of sectors in various post-Soviet societies is now required to develop a more context-bound and nuanced understanding of blat in post-Soviet societies. Originality/value – This is the first in-depth empirical evaluation of the prevalence and nature of blat in contemporary post-Soviet societies.

Factors Affecting Dental Attendance following Treatment for Dental Anxiety in Primary Dental Care

2001 ◽  
Vol os8 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne-Marie Dailey ◽  
Alex N Crawford ◽  
Gerry Humphris ◽  
Michael A Lennon
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Community Clinic ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Dental Attendance ◽  
General Dental Practitioner ◽  
Mean Time

Aim To explore factors affecting patients’ dental attendance behaviour following referral from a dental anxiety clinic to a general dental practitioner. Design A four-year follow up of patients who completed a course of treatment for dental anxiety by conducting semi-structured interviews, face-to-face or by telephone, with confirmation of dental attendance from the dental records. Subjects Forty-one patients who had completed a course of treatment for dental anxiety, in a specially designed community clinic. Mean time since last dental visit before treatment was 7.8 years (range 0.5–29). Results Twenty-three patients were successfully followed up and 11 (47%) were receiving regular asymptomatic dental care. The dental anxiety scores of those who subsequently became asymptomatic attenders were significantly lower at follow-up than the patients who became symptomatic attenders (P=0.01). Effective dentist-patient communication was a common theme of the interviews. Conclusions At four-year follow-up, dental anxiety was substantially lower in those who subsequently became asymptomatic attenders than those who became symptomatic attenders. A positive dentist-patient relationship had developed with the asymptomatic attenders.

Referral Orders after the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Youth Court

The referral order (RO) is the volume sentence in youth justice. The Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 (CJIA) made important changes to the use of ROs for young offenders. This article analyses these amendments and evaluates the extent to which they signal a move away from the original rationales for ROs. I argue that the CJIA subtly changes ROs and that this shift broadens the availability of ROs, although the significance of the changes depends in particular on how youth court magistrates view the utility of ROs and restorative justice.

Restorative Justice Or What?: Restorative Justice in the Chinese Youth Justice System

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 291-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shen ◽  
G.A. Antonopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Legal Reform ◽  
Critical Values ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Chinese Youth ◽  
Work In Progress

This article aims to examine restorative justice (RJ) practices in China’s youth justice system, seeking to make contributions to the global effort of operationalising the notion. It begins with an outline of the Chinese youth justice system. Following a brief literature review on RJ movements in China, it moves on to introduce the current programmes in the country’s youth justice practices, including those similar to the Western notion of RJ and those recognised as RJ only in China, and the legal mechanisms facilitating the development of restorative justice. It concludes that China is in its own way translating the critical values of RJ theory into its youth justice system, leaning towards a better one for juveniles. The development of restorative justice and criminal justice as a whole in China is a work in progress. Local variations and timeframe for development should be permissible in its legal reform.

scholarly journals Norwegian Youth Punishment - Opportunity or Trap?

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Holmboe
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Young People ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Young Offenders

The question of how the criminal justice system should deal with young offenders is an old one. Traditionally, the Norwegian criminal justice system has held that it should treat young offenders less severely than adults. The use of imprisonment is therefore restricted. In 2014, Norway implemented two new kinds of penal reactions directed towards young offenders, youth follow-up and youth punishment, inspired by the ideas underpinning restorative justice. The intention of youth punishment is that it is more severe but better suited than community sentencing when young people commit serious crimes. Consequently, the use of imprisonment for young offenders should be further reduced. In this article, I describe the rules concerning the sentencing and executing of youth punishment. Overall, I am of the opinion that while the premise underlying youth punishment is sound, the rules need to be amended to better reflect the expressed intent of the legislator.

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