scholarly journals Calcium and iron intakes of adolescents in Malaysia and their relationships with body mass index (BMI): Findings from the Adolescent Nutrition Survey 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syafinaz Mohd Sallehuddin ◽  
◽  
Ruzita Abd. Talib ◽  
Ruhaya Salleh ◽  
Rashidah Ambak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
Adolescent Nutrition ◽  
High Calcium

Introduction: Adolescent health is a priority considering they represent the future generation. Data from the Adolescent Nutrition Survey 2017 were analysed to determine the prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy, particularly calcium and iron, and the relationship with body mass index (BMI) among Malaysian secondary school students. Methods: This cross-sectional study included students aged 13 to 17 years old studying at public and private schools. Twenty-four hours dietary recall via face-to-face interview was conducted by trained nutritionists to obtain data on dietary intake. For nutritional status, BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) was analysed using WHO Anthroplus software. Results: From 999 respondents, 449 were boys and 550 were girls. Overall findings indicated that both boys and girls had inadequate intakes of calcium and iron in their daily diet. Mean intakes of calcium (695.7±463.2 mg/day) and iron (23.4±21.0 mg/day) were higher among boys aged 16 to 17 years old. Mean intake of iron were higher among the older age groups. Majority of the respondents (boys: 94%; girls: 97%) did not meet the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) for calcium and more than half (boys: 50%; girl: 80%) did not achieve the RNI for iron. Current findings also found significant positive but weak correlations between calcium (r=0.112, p=0.001) and iron (r=0.084, p=0.008) intakes with BMI-for-age. Conclusion: BMI-for-age was related to calcium and iron intakes among secondary school students in Malaysia. Thus, intervention strategies should focus on early screening and nutrition education on food choices of high calcium and high iron contents, including iron supplementation programmes, if needed.

scholarly journals Weight-Related Selves and Their Relationship With Body Mass Index Among Young Individuals in Curaçao

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieternel Dijkstra ◽  
Odette Van Brummen-Girigori ◽  
Dick P. H. Barelds
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
School Students ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Body Sizes

Based on the assumptions of self-discrepancy theory, the present study examined the degree of overweight, weight-related body images, and the relation between these images and body mass index (BMI) among two samples of young people from Curaçao (secondary school students, n = 176; undergraduate students, n = 205). In addition to BMI, participants reported their current, ideal, and most feared body sizes, the thinnest and largest body sizes still acceptable to them, and the body size they considered the healthiest by means of the Contour Drawing Rating Scale. We expected females to show a larger discrepancy between current and ideal body size than males (Hypothesis 1) and that this discrepancy (as an indicator of body dissatisfaction) would be related more strongly to BMI among females than among males (Hypothesis 2). Results yielded support for Hypothesis 1 among secondary school students only. Only in the undergraduate sample, BMI and body dissatisfaction were related, but equally so for males and females. Possible explanations are discussed as well as implications for weight management interventions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of dental caries and its association with body mass index among school-age children in Shenzhen, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-hong Cheng ◽  
Yi Liao ◽  
Ding-yan Chen ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
Yu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
School Students ◽  
Primary And Secondary School

Abstract Background Dental caries and overweight/obesity are health problems with shared risk factors, but the relationships between caries and BMI need to be further explored. The objective was to evaluate the current status of dental caries and the association between dental caries and Body Mass Index (BMI) among primary and secondary school students in Shenzhen, China, during the 2016–2017 academic year. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional study that enrolled a total of 1,196,004 students was conducted in Shenzhen. Physical and dental examinations were given to all primary and secondary school students by certified physicians and dentists following the national specification for student health examinations, and dental caries was diagnosed using WHO criteria. Descriptive analysis was applied to assess current oral health status and a multifactorial, logistic regression model was employed to evaluate the relationship between dental caries and obesity. Results A total of 1,196,004 students participated in the census. Mean age of the participants was 10.3 years, ranging from 6 to 20 years. The prevalence of dental caries was 41.15% in the present study, which was higher among girls (42.88%) than that in boys (39.77%) with a p-value of < 0.001. Students in public schools showed a significantly lower (p < 0.001) caries prevalence (37.36%) compared with those in private schools (47.96%). The caries restoration rate of students in Shenzhen was only 10.30%, which means only one out of ten students with caries received restorations. The mean dmft and DMFT scores were 0.97 and 0.33, respectively. More girls (10.96%) had their teeth filled than boys (9.78%). The restoration rate was higher (p < 0.001) in public schools (11.73%) than in private ones (8.35%). Children who were overweight or obese had a lower risk of experiencing caries compared to those who were within a normal weight (OR = 0.74/0.64). Caries was inversely associated with BMI among primary and secondary school students in Shenzhen. Conclusions The prevalence of dental caries among primary and secondary school children was found to be related to sex, type of schools, region, and BMI. Further studies and more government support are required to confirm the findings of this study and to address current oral health problems.

Secondary school students’ views of food and nutrition education in Kolkata, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Rathi ◽  
Lynn Riddell ◽  
Anthony Worsley
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Barriers To Learning ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nutrition Curriculum ◽  
Dietary Behaviours ◽  
Food And Nutrition

Purpose School-based nutrition education programmes have the potential to reinforce healthy dietary behaviours in adolescents. The purpose of this paper is to understand the views of secondary school students in Kolkata, India, regarding the food and nutrition curriculum, food skill acquisition at school and home and barriers to learning food skills. Design/methodology/approach The sample of 1,026 year nine students was drawn from nine private, English-speaking secondary schools in Kolkata, India to participate in a cross-sectional, self-reported paper-based survey. Data analyses including descriptive statistics and χ2 analyses were performed. Findings The majority of the respondents (65.3 per cent) were female. Biology, Home Science and Life skills classes were the main places in which students acquired food and nutrition knowledge. Almost two-thirds of the respondents acknowledged the importance of acquiring food-related knowledge and skills. Approximately half (48.3 per cent) reported that the food and nutrition curriculum involved excessive memorisation while around the same proportion described the curriculum as interesting (47 per cent) and easy to comprehend (50.3 per cent). However, relatively few students said they enjoyed attending food and nutrition classes (38.7 per cent). Only a minority reported receiving food skills training, i.e. cooking skills (23 per cent), meal planning skills and food purchasing skills (12.3 per cent) at school. Despite some parental support received at home, time constraints (50.5 per cent) and lack of interest (26.3 per cent) were cited as prominent barriers to learning food skills. Practical implications These data underscore the need for a skills-focussed food and nutrition curriculum to improve Indian adolescents’ food-related skills, nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviours. Originality/value This is the first cross-sectional survey to investigate the delivery of nutrition education and food skills in the Indian school context.

Evaluation of a Summer-School Program for Highly Gifted Secondary-School Students: The German Pupils Academy

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Neber ◽  
Kurt A. Heller
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Summer School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Gifted Students ◽  
School Program ◽  
School Students ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Regulatory Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Framework

Summary The German Pupils Academy (Deutsche Schüler-Akademie) is a summer-school program for highly gifted secondary-school students. Three types of program evaluation were conducted. Input evaluation confirmed the participants as intellectually highly gifted students who are intrinsically motivated and interested to attend the courses offered at the summer school. Process evaluation focused on the courses attended by the participants as the most important component of the program. Accordingly, the instructional approaches meet the needs of highly gifted students for self-regulated and discovery oriented learning. The product or impact evaluation was based on a multivariate social-cognitive framework. The findings indicate that the program contributes to promoting motivational and cognitive prerequisites for transforming giftedness into excellent performances. To some extent, the positive effects on students' self-efficacy and self-regulatory strategies are due to qualities of the learning environments established by the courses.

Ethnolinguistic Identity and Television Use in a Minority Language Setting

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Harwood ◽  
Laszlo Vincze
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
German Language ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
School Students ◽  
Ethnolinguistic Vitality ◽  
Ethnolinguistic Identity ◽  
Television Use

Based on the model of Reid, Giles and Abrams (2004 , Zeitschrift für Medienpsychologie, 16, 17–25), this paper describes and analyzes the relation between television use and ethnolinguistic-coping strategies among German speakers in South Tyrol, Italy. The data were collected among secondary school students (N = 415) in 2011. The results indicated that the television use of the students was dominated by the German language. A mediation analysis revealed that TV viewing contributed to the perception of ethnolinguistic vitality, the permeability of intergroup boundaries, and status stability, which in turn affected ethnolinguistic-coping strategies of mobility (moving toward the outgroup), creativity (maintaining identity without confrontation), and competition (fighting for ingroup rights and respect). Findings and theoretical implications are discussed.

Smart Girls, Dumb Boys!?

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Latsch ◽  
Bettina Hannover
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
School Students ◽  
Compensatory Strategies ◽  
Media Portrayal ◽  
Stereotype Lift ◽  
The Media

We investigated effects of the media’s portrayal of boys as “scholastic failures” on secondary school students. The negative portrayal induced stereotype threat (boys underperformed in reading), stereotype reactance (boys displayed stronger learning goals towards mathematics but not reading), and stereotype lift (girls performed better in reading but not in mathematics). Apparently, boys were motivated to disconfirm their group’s negative depiction, however, while they could successfully apply compensatory strategies when describing their learning goals, this motivation did not enable them to perform better. Overall the media portrayal thus contributes to the maintenance of gender stereotypes, by impairing boys’ and strengthening girls’ performance in female connoted domains and by prompting boys to align their learning goals to the gender connotation of the domain.

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