Telehealth: technological, legal, and ethical issues

2021 ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
Angelina Ivanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
Legal And Ethical Issues

The use of telehealth is an increasingly common avenue for providing clinical care, performing research and conducting public health interventions. However, with the growth of telecommunication technologies, healthcare professionals have encountered an emerging new set of ethical and legal issues relating to the doctor-patient relationship, standarts, privacy, cost and liability. This article explores the main benefits and challenges that come with growth of telehealth.

scholarly journals Engaging Ethical Issues Associated with Research and Public Health Interventions During Humanitarian Crises: Review of a Dialogic Workshop

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anushree Dave ◽  
Julie Cumin ◽  
Ryoa Chung ◽  
Matthew Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
Humanitarian Crises ◽  
Health Equity Research

On November 7th, 2014 the Humanitarian Health Ethics Workshop was held at McGill University, in Montreal. Co-hosted by the Montreal Health Equity Research Consortium and the Humanitarian Health Ethics Network, the event included six presentations and extensive discussion amongst participants, including researchers from Canada, Haiti, India, Switzerland and the US. Participants had training in disciplines including anthropology, bioethics, medicine, occupational therapy, philosophy, physical therapy, political science, public administration and public health. The objective of the workshop was to create a forum for discussion amongst scholars and practitioners interested in the ethics of healthcare delivery, research and public health interventions during humanitarian crises. This review is a summary of the presentations given, key themes that emerged during the day’s discussions, and avenues for future research that were identified.

Public Health or Clinical Ethics: Thinking beyond Borders

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onora O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Health Measures

Most work in medical ethics across the last twenty-five years has centered on the ethics of clinical medicine. Even work on health and justice has, in the main, been concerned with the just distribution of (access to) clinical care for individual patients. By contrast, the ethics of public health has been widely neglected. This neglect is surprising, given that public health interventions are often the most effective (and most cost-effective) means of improving health in rich and poor societies alike.In this essay I explore two sources of contemporary neglect of public health ethics. One source of neglect is that contemporary medical ethics has been preoccupied—in my view damagingly preoccupied—with the autonomy of individual patients. Yet individual autonomy can hardly be a guiding ethical principle for public health measures, since many of them must be uniform and compulsory if they are to be effective. A second source of neglect is that contemporary political philosophy has been preoccupied—in my view damagingly preoccupied—with the requirements for justice within states or societies, and (until very recently) has hardly discussed justice across borders. Yet public health problems often cross borders, and public health interventions have to measure up to the problems they address.

Control of Mosquito-Borne Illnesses: A Challenge to Public Health Ethics

2019 ◽  
pp. 458-471
Author(s):  
Laura Greisman ◽  
Barbara Koenig ◽  
Michele Barry
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Insecticide Treated Nets ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Public Health Agencies

This chapter delves into the ethical issues surrounding the implementation of public health interventions for control of mosquito-borne illnesses. Emerging and reemerging mosquito-borne infections remain a public health threat worldwide, prompting public health agencies to strengthen individual and population-wide measures for mosquito control. Ethical issues surrounding surveillance activities and key public health interventions for mosquito control are discussed, including provision of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), the spraying of aerial pesticides, and the introduction of genetically modified mosquitoes. A case study of Zika virus disease highlights specific ethical challenges surrounding the safety of insect repellent use in pregnancy and the complex issue of women’s reproductive rights arising in a fast-moving epidemic. The chapter emphasizes the need for community engagement at all levels of mosquito control interventions, and it highlights the disproportionate impact of mosquito-borne disease on the poor, calling to action the need to strengthen health systems in low- and middle-income countries.

scholarly journals Outcomes of involuntary psychiatric commitment: An integrative review

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hamdan Alshammari ◽  
Rizal Angelo Natoza Grande ◽  
Ghedeir M. Alshammari
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Involuntary Commitment ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
Legal And Ethical Issues

Psychiatric commitment has been a central subject in mental health care. It has been surrounded with ethical and legal issues basically focusing on individual’s autonomy and legal rights. This review aimed to explore the outcomes of psychiatric commitment on the lives of the individuals subject to this intervention despite these legal and ethical issues. Outcomes of involuntary commitment were leaning more towards its risks on individuals but poses benefits on health system and society. Therefore, more qualitative and quantitative studies focusing on benefits of psychiatric commitment are needed.

scholarly journals An analysis of COVID-19 clusters in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Sengupta ◽  
Bhaswati Ganguli ◽  
Sugata SenRoy ◽  
Aditya Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Homogeneous Groups

Abstract Background In this study we cluster the districts of India in terms of the spread of COVID-19 and related variables such as population density and the number of specialty hospitals. Simulation using a compartment model is used to provide insight into differences in response to public health interventions. Two case studies of interest from Nizamuddin and Dharavi provide contrasting pictures of the success in curbing spread. Methods A cluster analysis of the worst affected districts in India provides insight about the similarities between them. The effects of public health interventions in flattening the curve in their respective states is studied using the individual contact SEIQHRF model, a stochastic individual compartment model which simulates disease prevalence in the susceptible, infected, recovered and fatal compartments. Results The clustering of hotspot districts provide homogeneous groups that can be discriminated in terms of number of cases and related covariates. The cluster analysis reveal that the distribution of number of COVID-19 hospitals in the districts does not correlate with the distribution of confirmed COVID-19 cases. From the SEIQHRF model for Nizamuddin we observe in the second phase the number of infected individuals had seen a multitudinous increase in the states where Nizamuddin attendees returned, increasing the risk of the disease spread. However, the simulations reveal that implementing administrative interventions, flatten the curve. In Dharavi, through tracing, tracking, testing and treating, massive breakout of COVID-19 was brought under control. Conclusions The cluster analysis performed on the districts reveal homogeneous groups of districts that can be ranked based on the burden placed on the healthcare system in terms of number of confirmed cases, population density and number of hospitals dedicated to COVID-19 treatment. The study rounds up with two important case studies on Nizamuddin basti and Dharavi to illustrate the growth curve of COVID-19 in two very densely populated regions in India. In the case of Nizamuddin, the study showed that there was a manifold increase in the risk of infection. In contrast it is seen that there was a rapid decline in the number of cases in Dharavi within a span of about one month.

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