scholarly journals Evaluation of the anxiolytic effects of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves and bark of Annona muricata using the elevated plus maze test

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-332
Author(s):  
Kwasi Adomako Ohemeng ◽  
◽  
Peace Doe ◽  
Mariam Adoley Pappoe ◽  
Dzifa Thywill Gordor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Introduction: Natural products since time immemorial have been the source of traditional medicine. A number of well-known anxiolytic agents currently used have several side effects that limit their use. Among medicinal plants, leaves of Annona muricata (AM) are being recommended by traditional healers for the management of anxiety. This study is performed to evaluate the anxiolytic activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves and bark of Annona muricata. Methodology: Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves and bark of Annona muricata were prepared and assessed for anxiolytic effect using the elevated plus maze (EPM) model. The antianxiety activity of the extracts were compared to the control (distilled water 10ml/kg) and standard drug Diazepam (5mg/kg). Results and discussion: All doses of the aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata exhibited significant increase in mean entries into open arms (P<0.01) and mean time spent in open arms (P<0.05) compared to the control. 100mg/kg and 400mg/kg of the ethanolic bark extract of Annona muricata showed significant increase in open arm entries (P<0.01) with 100mg/kg also showing an increase in time spent in open arms which was significant. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves and bark of Annona muricata exert an anxiolytic effect on rats which substantiates its traditional use in the management of anxiety.

scholarly journals Effects of Simultaneous Reinforcement of Endocannabinoid and Cholinergic Systems on Anxiety-Like Behavior in Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siamak Shahidi ◽  
Asghar Dindar ◽  
Alireza Komaki ◽  
Reihaneh Sadeghian
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Concurrent Administration ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Cholinergic Systems ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
High Doses

Abstract ObjectiveAnxiety behavior is regulated by different neurotransmitter systems. There has been no direct relationship between endocannabinoid and cholinergic systems on anxiety in previous studies. This study investigated the effects of each of these systems separately and simultaneously using Donepezil (Cholinesterase inhibitor) and URB-597 (endocannabinoid degrading enzyme inhibitor) on anxiety-like behavior. MethodEighty-eight male mice were divided into eleven groups (n=8) including control (saline), diazepam (0.3 mg /kg), URB-597 (0.1, 0.3, or 1 mg /kg), donepezil (0.5, 1 or 2 mg/kg) and the combination of the two drugs at low, medium and high doses. All treatments were injected intraperitoneally 30 minutes before the elevated plus maze test. ResultsSeparate administration of URB597, donepezil or diazepam increased the number and time spent of open arms compared to the control group. Concurrent administration of URB and donepezil at low, medium and high doses did not change the number of open arms entries compared to the control group, but they reduced the number of entries to the closed arms. ConclusionsThese results suggest that strengthening any cholinergic or endocannabinoid system has anxiolytic effect similar to diazepam. However, the interaction of these two systems has fewer anxiolytic effects compared to the effects of each alone. It seems that these drugs alone may represent a strategy for the treatment of anxiety disorders.

Vigabatrin has an anxiolytic effect in the elevated plus-maze test of anxiety

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ümit Sayin ◽  
Nuhan Purali ◽  
Tuncer Özkan ◽  
Tuncay Altug ◽  
Sevim Büyükdevrim
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze

scholarly journals Evaluation of antianxiety effect of cinnamaldehyde in swiss albino mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Ritesh Churihar ◽  
Sapna A. More ◽  
Pooja S. Mishra ◽  
Savita Vyas ◽  
Hemant Tanwani
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Anxiolytic Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Group I ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Per Se

Background: Cinnamon is one of the best known spices used as an herbal medicine. Cinnamaldehyde (CNM) the volatile oil, which was present in the essential oil of the bark, is the important constituents of cinnamon. Cinnamon has been investigated for its various effects like peptic ulcer protection, antioxidant property, inhibition of tau aggregation, anti-inflammatory activity, effect on cardiovascular system, anti-nociceptive activity, hepato-protective effects, hypolipidemic and antidiabetic activites. The present study was aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of CNM per se and its interaction with diazepam in swiss albino mice.Methods: Anxiolytic activity was evaluated by elevated plus maze method. A group of 36 healthy mice of either sex weighing 20-30 grams were divided at random into six groups (n=6). CNM and diazepam were dissolved in tween twenty 20% to maintain uniformity of the solvent and given orally. Group I was given twenty 20% (10 ml/kg, p.o.), group II diazepam (0.5 mg/kg, p.o.), group III diazepam (1 mg/kg, p.o.), group IV cinnamaldehyde (100 mg/kg, p.o.), group V cinnamaldehyde (200 mg/kg, p.o.), group VI cinnamaldehyde and diazepam (100 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg, p.o.).Results: Cinnamaldehyde per se showed no anxiolytic effect at any dose (p<0.05). The standard drug diazepam has shown significant anxiolytic activity on elevated plus maze. Whereas combination of diazepam 0.5 mg/kg and cinnamaldehyde 100 mg/kg showed significant increase in the time spent in open arms as compared to all groups (p<0.05).Conclusions: CNM per se did not show any effect on anxiety but enhanced the action of diazepam when co-administered.

Anticompulsive effects of novel derivatives of coumarin in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-344
Author(s):  
Bakhodir B. Daliev ◽  
Eugenii R. Bychkov ◽  
Leonid V. Myznikov ◽  
Andrei A. Lebedev ◽  
Petr D. Shabanov
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Central Action ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Anxiogenic Effect ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Few Data ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Dose Dependent

BACKGROUND: Until now, the neurotropic effect, in particular the effect on the emotional behavior of oxy-coumarins, has not been adequately studied. There are only few data on their central action. Currently, research is underway on the synthesis of new compounds based on natural oxy-coumarins, which will potentially have a higher biological activity. AIM: Was to study the central action of new oxycoumarin-based compounds IEM-2886, LVM-99, LVM-S144, in particular, on compulsive behavior in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To assess the behavior of Wistar rats, the Marble-test and Elevated plus maze methods were used. Oxycoumarin derivatives (IEM-2886, LVM-99, LVM-S144) were injected intraperitoneally at doses of 1, 10 and 25 mg/kg. The effectiveness of the drugs was judged by the number of balls buried in the Marble test and by the duration of staying in the open and closed sleeves of the Elevated plus maze. Results. It was shown that in the Marble test, oxycoumarin-based compounds (IEM-2886, LVM-99, LVM-S144) caused a decrease in the number of buried balls, which shows their anti-compulsive effect. After administration of IEM-2886, LVM-99, LVM-S144 (125 mg / kg) compounds, dose-dependent effects were observed (p 0.05). The elevated plus maze test did not show the anxiolytic effect typical for tranquilizers. Moreover, after the administration of IEM-2886 and LVM-S144 at a dose of 25 mg / kg, an increase in the time spent in the closed sleeve of the maze (p 0.05) was observed, i.e. an anxiogenic effect. CONCLUSION: Thus, oxy-coumarin-based compounds are selective for the assessment of anticompulsive effects.

The anxiolytic effect of Sho-ju-sen, a Japanese herbal medicine, assessed by an elevated ­plus-maze test in mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Kuribara ◽  
Hisato Iwata ◽  
Hideo Tomioka ◽  
Reiko Takahashi ◽  
Kazumi Goto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Japanese Herbal Medicine

scholarly journals First Evidence for an Anxiolytic Effect of a Diterpenoid from Salvia Cinnabarina

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Maione ◽  
Maria Camela Bonito ◽  
Mariantonella Colucci ◽  
Virginia Cozzolino ◽  
Angela Bisio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Sedative Activity ◽  
Swimming Test

The potential anxiolytic and anti-depressive activity of CMP1 was studied in the elevated plus-maze test and in the forced swimming test. Furthermore, CMP1 sedative activity was evaluated in pentobarbital treated animals; the effect of CMP1 on spontaneous motor activity (total locomotion) was also evaluated. Our data show that CMP1, at doses that did not affect locomotion, was able to induce anxiolytic and sedative, but not anti-depressive effects. In conclusion, our results represent first evidence for an anxiolytic activity of this diterpenoid from Salvia cinnabarina.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Neuropharmacological Activities of Methanolic Extract of Bacopa monnieri L. in Mice Model

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Bacopa Monnieri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Swimming Test

Now-a-days, the use of natural products has increased its popularity day by day all over the world. One of the most effective therapeutic medicinal plants is Bacopa monnieri. In the current study, the methanolic distillate of B. monnieri was designed for an antidepressant in mice models. B. monnieri was evaluated for anti-depressant venture in the forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and elevated plus maze test. In force swimming test, imipramine (30 mg/kg) used as a standard drug and in TST as well as elevated plus maze test, diazepam (10 mg/kg) used as a standard and the plant extract (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) was administered as test group and the control group was given deionized water. In this test, the test extracts (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) compare to both control and standard group. The higher dose (200 mg/kg) represented a more significant effect than a dose of 100 mg/kg. In comparison to the standard and control, at dose 200 mg/kg represented a more significant effect at p<0.05 among three of the test.

scholarly journals Oral supplementations of Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract has anxiolytic effect and improves locomotory and exploratory behavior of female albino mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Furhan Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Jahangir ◽  
Asmat Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Naseer Khan Khattak ◽  
Shahid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Exploratory Behavior ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Mice

<p>Present study was designed to investigate the effects of 200 mg/ml solvent/Kg of body weight of <em>Bauhinia variegata’s</em> leaf extract on neuromuscular coordination, locomotory and exploratory behavior of adult female albino mice. Six week old female albino mice were used as experimental animals. Mice were either orally supplemented with 200 mg/ml/Kg of body weight <em>Bauhinia variegata’s</em> leaf extract or with saline solution [0.9%] for 7 days. Behavioral observations were made by applying a series of neurological tests [Rota rod, Elevated plus maze, Light and dark box, Open field and Novel object test]. Exploratory and locomotory behavior during Open Field test was improved in leaf extract treated mice as they had more means speed [P = 0.01], rotations [P = 0.001], clockwise rotations [P = 0.004] and anti-clockwise rotations [P = 0.001] than control mice. <em>Bauhinia variegata’s</em> leaf extract treated mice had higher transition frequency [P = 0.002] and spent more time in light compartment during light dark box test than saline treated controls. <em>Bauhinia variegata’s</em> leaf extract treated mice covered more distance [P = 0.033] with higher speed [P = 0.028] compared to control mice during Elevated Plus Maze test. <em>Bauhinia variegata’s</em> leaf extract improves the locomotory and exploratory behavior in adult female albino mice. Leaf extract of <em>Bauhinia variegate </em>can be further explored to be used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of neurological ailments.</p>

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