scholarly journals Evaluation of Neuropharmacological Activities of Methanolic Extract of Bacopa monnieri L. in Mice Model

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Bacopa Monnieri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Swimming Test

Now-a-days, the use of natural products has increased its popularity day by day all over the world. One of the most effective therapeutic medicinal plants is Bacopa monnieri. In the current study, the methanolic distillate of B. monnieri was designed for an antidepressant in mice models. B. monnieri was evaluated for anti-depressant venture in the forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and elevated plus maze test. In force swimming test, imipramine (30 mg/kg) used as a standard drug and in TST as well as elevated plus maze test, diazepam (10 mg/kg) used as a standard and the plant extract (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) was administered as test group and the control group was given deionized water. In this test, the test extracts (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) compare to both control and standard group. The higher dose (200 mg/kg) represented a more significant effect than a dose of 100 mg/kg. In comparison to the standard and control, at dose 200 mg/kg represented a more significant effect at p<0.05 among three of the test.

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture Promotes Proliferation of Amplifying Neural Progenitors and Preserves Quiescent Neural Progenitors from Apoptosis to Alleviate Depressive-Like and Anxiety-Like Behaviours

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Yang ◽  
Na Yue ◽  
Xiaocang Zhu ◽  
Qiuqin Han ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Neural Progenitors ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Stress ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Behavioural Tests

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviours and neural progenitors in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) in a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) rat model of depression. After being exposed to a CUS procedure for 2 weeks, rats were subjected to EA treatment, which was performed on acupoints Du-20 (Bai-Hui) and GB-34 (Yang-Ling-Quan), once every other day for 15 consecutive days (including 8 treatments), with each treatment lasting for 30 min. The behavioural tests (i.e., forced swimming test, elevated plus-maze test, and open-field entries test) revealed that EA alleviated the depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviours of the stressed rats. Immunohistochemical results showed that proliferative cells (BrdU-positive) in the EA group were significantly larger in number compared with the Model group. Further, the results showed that EA significantly promoted the proliferation of amplifying neural progenitors (ANPs) and simultaneously inhibited the apoptosis of quiescent neural progenitors (QNPs). In a word, the mechanism underlying the antidepressant-like effects of EA is associated with enhancement of ANPs proliferation and preserving QNPs from apoptosis.

scholarly journals NEUROPHARMACOLOGICAL SCREENING, ANTI-STRESS ACTIVITY, AND TOXICITY STUDIES OF STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF THE SEEDS OF CELASTRUS PANICULATUS WILLD

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
SWATI SINGH ◽  
ASHUTOSH UPADHYAY ◽  
ANUP KUMAR SIRBAIYA
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Endurance

Objective: Celastrus paniculatus Willd, family Celastraceae is an important medicinal plant distributed all over India. Due to the presence of antioxidative polyphenols in C. paniculatus Willd have received much attention for health-promoting properties by scavenging the free radicals, the purpose of this study is to understand neuropharmacological, anti-stress activity, and toxicity studies of standardized seeds extract of “C. paniculatus Willd. Methods: The sun dried C. paniculatus Willd seeds were collected and extracted with ethanol by maceration. Then, the ethanolic extract was subjected to phytochemical screening. The acute toxicity of the ethanolic extract of C. paniculatus was observed as per the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guideline no. 423. Neuropharmacological and anti-stress effects were analyzed and evaluated by using physical stress models such as Swimming endurance test, Anoxic tolerance test, Tail suspension test (TST), and Elevated plus maze test. For this study, Swiss albino mice (20–30 g) were divided into five groups of six animals each. Distilled water administered as vehicle in control group and standard group received Withania somnifera (100 mg/kg) while C. paniculatus Willd ethanolic extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) was given orally for 7 days. Results and Discussion: Change in immobility time in swim endurance, first clonic convulsion produced in anoxic tolerance test, immobility time in TST and open arms entry in elevated plus maze test was recorded as parameters. The ethanolic extracts of C. paniculatus Willd significantly reduces the immobility timing along with increases the swimming endurance time, and clonic convulsion timing in anoxic tolerance test in comparison of control group. In tail suspension significant decrease in immobility time and increased open arm entry in elevated plus maze were observed as compare to control group. Conclusion: C. paniculatus Willd has potential as a medicinal plant and it showed protective effect for the stress prevention as the alkaloids are present as main constituents.

scholarly journals First Evidence for an Anxiolytic Effect of a Diterpenoid from Salvia Cinnabarina

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Maione ◽  
Maria Camela Bonito ◽  
Mariantonella Colucci ◽  
Virginia Cozzolino ◽  
Angela Bisio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Sedative Activity ◽  
Swimming Test

The potential anxiolytic and anti-depressive activity of CMP1 was studied in the elevated plus-maze test and in the forced swimming test. Furthermore, CMP1 sedative activity was evaluated in pentobarbital treated animals; the effect of CMP1 on spontaneous motor activity (total locomotion) was also evaluated. Our data show that CMP1, at doses that did not affect locomotion, was able to induce anxiolytic and sedative, but not anti-depressive effects. In conclusion, our results represent first evidence for an anxiolytic activity of this diterpenoid from Salvia cinnabarina.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Pharmacological Properties of Lepidagathis hyalina Nees through Experimental Approaches

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Fowzul Islam Fahad ◽  
Niloy Barua ◽  
Md. Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Syed Al Jawad Sayem ◽  
Koushik Barua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Dose Dependent

Lepidagathis hyalina Nees is used locally in Ayurvedic medicine to treat coughs and cardiovascular diseases. This study explored its pharmacological potential through in vivo and in vitro approaches for the metabolites extracted (methanolic) from the stems of L. hyalina. A qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of numerous secondary metabolites. The methanol extract of L. hyalina stems (MELHS) showed a strong antioxidative activity in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assays, and in the quantitative (phenolic and flavonoid) assay. Clot lysis and brine shrimp lethality bioassays were applied to investigate the thrombolytic and cytotoxic activities, respectively. MELHS exhibited an expressive percentage of clot lysis (33.98%) with a moderately toxic (115.11 μg/mL) effect. The in vivo anxiolytic activity was studied by an elevated plus maze test, whereas the antidepressant activity was examined by a tail suspension test and forced swimming test. During the anxiolytic evaluation, MELHS exhibited a significant dose-dependent reduction of anxiety, in which the 400 mg/kg dose of the extract showed 78.77 ± 4.42% time spent in the open arm in the elevated plus maze test. In addition, MELHS demonstrated dose-dependent and significant activities in the tail suspension test and forced swimming test, whereas the 400 mg/kg dose of the extract showed 87.67 ± 6.40% and 83.33 ± 6.39% inhibition of immobile time, respectively. Therefore, the current study suggests that L. hyalina could be a potential source of anti-oxidative, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, anxiolytic, and antidepressant agents. Further study is needed to determine the mechanism behind the bioactivities.

scholarly journals Anxiolytic and antipyretic properties of the root aqueous extract of Bombax costatum Pellegr. et Vuillet. (Bombacaceae) in mice: Implication of behavioural and neurochemical approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Ngassia Wanbara ◽  
Germain Sotoing Taiwe ◽  
Jacqueline Stephanie Kameni Njapdounke ◽  
Neteydji Sidiki ◽  
Alexandre Michel Njan Nloga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Induced Hyperthermia ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Bombax costatum Pellegr. et Vuillet. (Bombacaceaea) is a plant used in traditional medicine in Cameroon to treat memory impairment, anxiety, insomnia and agitation. Aim of the study: The aqueous extract of Bombax costatum is evaluated for its anxiolytic like effect in mice using experimental models. Materials and methods: The plant extract is administered orally to mice. They were tested one hour later in the stress-induced hyperthermia, hole board, and open field or elevated plus maze tests, respectively. Finally, the brain Gamma aminobutyric acid [GABA] content and GABA-T were quantified in Bombax costatum aqueous extract-treated mice at the end of elevated plus maze test. Results: Bombax costatum aqueous extract showed anxiolytic activity. In stress-induced hyperthermia test, the plant extract significantly antagonised the increase of temperature. There is a significant reduction in the stress-induced hyperthermia from 1.13 ± 0.06℃ in the negative control group treated with distilled water to 0.26 ± 0.02℃ in the group of mice administered 100 mg/kg aqueous extract. In addition, Bombax costatum showed antipyretic activity by reducing the body temperature. In the elevated plus maze test, the aqueous extract increased the number of entries into, percentage of entries into, and percentage of time in open arms. It also reduced the percentage of entries and time in closed arms. Conclusion: The obtained results suggested that Bombax costatum aqueous extracts possess anxiolytic-like and antipyretic activities in mice. This plant could be helpful in the treatment of anxiety and fever in traditional medicine in Cameroon.

Anti-Anxiety Effect of Schisandra chinensis Baill Lignans on Mice in Elevated Plus Maze Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 1580-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Jiang ◽  
Xin Tian Fan ◽  
Chun Mei Wang ◽  
Li Mei Chen ◽  
Jing Hui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Schisandra Chinensis ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Increasing Trend

Elevated plus maze was used to establish an animal anxiety model to investigate the anti-anxiety effect of Schisandra Chinensis (Turcz.) Baill lignans (SCL). OE, OT, CE and CT were observed, and based on them, the ratio of OE (OE%) and the ratio of OT (OT%) were calculated, respectively. It was considered that the fewer the OE was and the shorter the OT was, the more serious the anxiety of mice was. The results showed that compared with those in the control group, both OE% and OT% presented an increasing trend in the different dose SCL groups, indicating that SCL has an anti-anxiety effect; there were significant differences in the anti-anxiety effect between 70 mg/kg SCL and 140 mg/kg SCL groups, and the control group, but no difference in it between 35 mg/kg SCL group and the control group, indicating that the anti-anxiety effect of SCL may be dose-related.

Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Properties of the β-caryophyllene in Swiss Mice: Involvement of Benzodiazepine-GABAAergic, Serotonergic and Nitrergic Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
George L. da Silva Oliveira ◽  
José C. Correia L. da Silva ◽  
Ana P. dos Santos C. L da Silva ◽  
Chistiane M. Feitosa ◽  
Fernanda R. de Castro Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Feeding Test ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Gabaergic Receptors ◽  
Pre Treatment

Background: Central nervous system disorders such as anxiety, depression and epilepsy are characterized by sharing several molecular mechanisms in common and the involvement of the L-arginine/NO pathway in neurobehavioral studies with β-caryophyllene is still little discussed. Objectives: One of the objectives of the present study was to demonstrate the anxiolytic behavioral effect of β-caryophyllene (β-CBP) in female Swiss mice, as well as to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the results obtained. Methods: This study evaluated the neurobehavioral effects of β-CBP using the open field test, rota-rod test, elevated plus maze test, novelty suppressed feeding test, tail suspension test and forced swim test, as well as pilocarpine, pentylenetetrazole and isoniazid-induced epileptic seizure models. Results:: The results demonstrated that the neuropharmacological activities of β-CBP may involve benzodiazepine/GABAergic receptors, since the pre-treatment of β-CBP (200 mg/kg) associated with flumazenil (5 mg/kg, benzodiazepine receptor antagonist) and bicuculline (1 mg/kg, selective GABAA receptor antagonist) reestablished the anxiety parameters in the elevated plus-maze test, as well as the results of reduced latency to consume food in the novelty suppressed feeding test. In addition to benzodiazepine/GABAergic receptors, the neuropharmacological properties of β-CBP may be related to inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis, since pre-treatment with L-arginine (500- 750 mg/kg) reversed significantly the anxiolytic, antidepressant and anticonvulsant activities of β-CBP. Conclusion: The results obtained provide additional support in understanding the neuromolecular mechanisms underlying the anxiolytic, antidepressant and anticonvulsive properties of β-CBP in female Swiss mice.

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