scholarly journals Design of An Active Power Ankle-Foot Orthosis with Myoelectric Control for Drop-Foot Rehabilitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Rudi Setiawan ◽  
Sabar Sabar ◽  
Madi Madi
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Drop Foot ◽  
Angle Sensor ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Method ◽  
The Common ◽  
Foot Orthosis ◽  
Design Pressure

Drop-foot is an inability to lift the foot when walking due to muscle weakness or paralysis. One of the common rehabilitation aids for stroke sufferers with drop-foot is Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO). This tool serves as a stabilizer for road pattern balance. However, most of the AFO used is passive, so it doesn't help users run properly. Therefore, an active AFO system has been designed as a rehabilitation aid. This AFO is designed with motor control from myoelectric feedback signal (EMG) and also a semi-dynamic ankle joint so that it is more flexible to help the user when stepping. The AFO movement set of to the foot's position in Dorsi and Plantarflexion conditions based on the EMG parameter received by the control unit. Then, the angle sensor standardizes the user's ankle position so that the foot fits the states that have set. This design uses the fuzzy logic method, which functions to control the rotation of the servo motor. The interface system is for monitoring parameters. In this design, pressure sensors (force), EMG, and angle sensors transmitted wirelessly to a computer are used for data analysis under the needs of real-time statistical data processing.

Kinematic and kinetic benefits of implantable peroneal nerve stimulation in people with post-stroke drop foot using an ankle-foot orthosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Berenpas ◽  
Sven Schiemanck ◽  
Anita Beelen ◽  
Frans Nollet ◽  
Vivian Weerdesteyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Drop Foot ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Peroneal Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Developing an Active Ankle Foot Orthosis Based on Shape Memory Alloy Actuators

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Tarkesh ◽  
Mohammad H. Elahinia ◽  
Mohamed Samir Hefzy
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Drop Foot ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Foot Orthosis

This paper is on development of an active ankle foot orthosis (AAFO). This device will fill the gap in the existing research aimed at helping patients with drop foot muscle deficiencies as well as rehabilitation activities. Drop foot patients are unable to lift their foot because of reduced or no muscle activity around the ankle. The major causes of drop foot are severing of the nerve, stroke, cerebral palsy and multiple sclerosis. There are two common complications from drop foot. First, the patient cannot control the falling of their foot after heel strike, so that it slaps the ground on every step. The second complication is the inability to clear the toe during swing. This causes the patients to drag their toe on the ground throughout the swing.

scholarly journals An SMA Passive Ankle Foot Orthosis: Design, Modeling, and Experimental Evaluation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liberty Deberg ◽  
Masood Taheri Andani ◽  
Milad Hosseinipour ◽  
Mohammad Elahinia
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Mechanical Systems ◽  
Drop Foot ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
New Device ◽  
Superelastic Behavior ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) provide compact and effective actuation for a variety of mechanical systems. In this work, the distinguished superelastic behavior of these materials is utilized to develop a passive ankle foot orthosis to address the drop foot disability. Design, modeling, and experimental evaluation of an SMA orthosis employed in an ankle foot orthosis (AFO) are presented in this paper. To evaluate the improvements achieved with this new device, a prototype is fabricated and motion analysis is performed on a drop foot patient. Results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed orthosis.

Fuzzy Logic-Based Intelligent Control System for Active Ankle Foot Orthosis

2015 ◽  
pp. 248-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kanthi
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Intelligent Control ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Gait Patterns ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Intelligent Control System ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Foot Orthosis

The Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO) is an orthotic device intended to assist or to restore the movements of the ankle foot complex in the case of pathological gait. Active AFO consists of sensor, controller, and actuator. The controller used in the conventional AFO to control the actuator does not use the property of synchronization of the feet. This chapter deals with development of a fuzzy-based intelligent control unit for an AFO using property of symmetry in the foot movements. The control system developed in LabVIEW provides real-time control of the defective foot by continuously monitoring the gait patterns. The input signals for the control system are generated by the sensor system having gyroscope. DC motor is used as an actuator. The data acquisition for Gait Analysis is done using National Instrument's data acquisition system DAQ6221 interfaced with a gyro-sensor.

An Automated Testing Assembly for Characterizing Stiffness of an Ankle Foot Orthosis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minal Y. Bhadane ◽  
Charles Armstrong ◽  
Mohamed Samir Hefzy ◽  
Mohammad H. Elahinia
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Automated Testing ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Angle Sensor ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Ankle Stiffness ◽  
Stiffness Variation ◽  
Stiffness Characteristics ◽  
Foot Orthosis ◽  
Testing Assembly

An ankle foot orthosis (AFO) is a device that provides a controlled force to compensate for the muscle deficiencies in the ankle and helps normalize the gait of the patient. Evidence has indicated that there exists an optimal match correlating the patient’s gait related problems and the AFO stiffness. AFO ankle stiffness is measured by the moment around the ankle joint exerted by the AFO per degree of ankle joint rotation. To date, several testing devices and procedures have been developed to assess the stiffness characteristics of AFOs. Most of the devices are manually driven and may not exactly replicate human leg motion. Objective of developing an automated testing assembly is to identify stiffness characteristics of passive AFOs so as to develop an active AFO with shape memory alloy. We have developed an assembly using aluminum T-slotted profiles, single flange linear bearings, and living hinges from 80/20 Inc. Angle measurement was done by mounting Digital Protractor on the shank segment. The whole assembly was mounted on BOSE ElectroForce 3330 test instrument. dSPACE hardware-in-the-loop solution was used for real time data capture of force and angle sensor output. After assessing the characteristics of passive AFO we incorporated SMA wire in the AFO. Similar tests were conducted to evaluate effect of SMA wires on the overall stiffness of an AFO. The results confirm that SMA wires provide stiffness variation such a way that AAFO can be developed to achieve stiffness variation close to normal ankle stiffness.

scholarly journals Validation of an helicoidal versus standard ankle-foot orthosis for patients with unilateral drop foot

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. e470
Author(s):  
D. Gasq ◽  
B. Acket ◽  
B. Caussé ◽  
N. Cantagrel ◽  
E. Combe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drop Foot ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Design of a Novel Variable Stiffness Active Ankle Foot Orthosis Using Permanent Magnets for Drop Foot Assistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinaba Basu ◽  
Sri Sadhan Jujjavarapu ◽  
Ehsan T. Esfahani
Keyword(s):  
Stance Phase ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Variable Stiffness ◽  
Drop Foot ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Impact Forces ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Abstract In this paper, we present the design of a novel variable stiffness ankle-foot orthosis for correcting the drop-foot condition. The proposed mechanism controls the position of permanent magnets to provide torque and stiffness assistance to the patients suffering from drop foot. A publicly available gait dataset of 20 healthy individuals is used to extract the stiffness and torque requirements of a gait cycle and the information is used to evaluate the foot orthosis. It is shown that the proposed foot orthosis can provide appropriate torque and stiffness assistance to the ankle joint during the swing and the stance phase respectively. Moreover, the spring-like nature of the repelling magnets reduces the impact forces on the patient’s joints.

scholarly journals Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Lower Body Exosuit to Support Ankle Dorsiflexion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5007
Author(s):  
Tim Schubert ◽  
Bettina Wollesen ◽  
Robert Weidner
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Drop Foot ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Main Requirement ◽  
Iterative Development ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Foot Clearance ◽  
Foot Orthosis

For patients suffering from drop foot due to weakness of ankle dorsiflexion muscles, an ankle foot orthosis provides increased foot clearance during the swing phase of gait, but often restricts other gait functions, such as plantarflexion. Due to steady progress in the development of lighter and smaller actuator technologies, active wearable devices such as exosuits become relevant for rehabilitation, since they can offer an extended functionality including a more comfortable wear than passive plastic orthosis. The aim of the paper is to present a lightweight exosuit supporting dorsiflexion during gait with autonomous recognition of gait phases and conditions. One main requirement during the iterative development of the exosuit is a non-restrictive function, thus no differences between the assisted and non-assisted gait of a healthy subject should occur. We therefore conducted a pilot biomechanics study using statistical parametric mapping to analyze kinematics of the ankle joint and muscle activity of m. tibialis anterior of nine subjects without any gait anomalies walking with and without the exosuit. The results show no significant difference between with and without support. In contrast to passive orthosis, the developed system could be an enhanced solution to assist patients suffering from drop foot, which should be analyzed in the next step for evaluating the development.

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