Morphometric and morphologic study of Foramen Ovale in In Indian population

Background:The floor of middle cranial fossa shows several foramina through which vital neural and vascular structures pass. Thus, the knowledge of normal and variant anatomy of these foramina is important. One such foramen is Foramen ovale which allows the passage of certain important structures. Aims and Objective:This study also aimed to provide a base line data to neurosurgeons for easy and safe approach to middle cranial fossa. Thus, to fulfill the above, the morphometric and morphologic characteristics of the foramenovalewere studied and the observed metric and non-metric parameters were compared with those of previous studies. Materials and Methods:The study has been conducted on 160 adult non-pathological dry human skulls of unknown age and sex. Those parts of broken skulls were included in the study in which the area of Foramen ovale was intact. All the parameters were obtained by one observer only to avoid inter-observer error. The foramen ovale was identified and different metric and non-metric parameters were observed and measured. Results:The most common shape on both sides was noted to be transversely oval. Out of 160 skulls, 2 skulls (1.25%) showed accessory FO bilaterally. 4 skulls showed divided FO on left side. Out of 4, 2 skulls( 1.25%) were noted to have bony bar and in 2 skulls (1.25%) the main FO were divided by bony plate. Conclusion: The morphologic variations of Foramen Ovale in the form of accessory foramen and presence of bony bar / bony plate are common. This study will provide a baseline data as well as frequency of related variations in our population for a safer approach by the surgeons.

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ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF FORAMEN OVALE AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

10.36106/ijsr/8501144 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 29-31

Author(s):

Gyan Prakash Mishra ◽

Ajay Singh Rajput ◽

Stuti Tandon

Keyword(s):

Anterior Margin ◽

Percutaneous Biopsy ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Mandibular Nerve ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Emissary Vein ◽

Bony Plate ◽

Cranial Fossa

INTRODUCTION: The foramen ovale is present in sphenoid bone which transmits the mandibular nerve, accessory meningeal artery, emissary vein and the lesser petrosal nerve. This study was conducted on a total 100 si MATERIALS & METHODS: des in 50 dry adult skulls. The shape of foramen will be determined by a visual examination. Margins of foramen were carefully observed for the abnormal bony outgrowths such as sharp bony projections (spine), small blunt bony projection (tubercle), bony plate and bony bar. We obs RESULTS: erved the variations in shape of foramen ovale. We found oval, almond, round, triangular, slit like and irregular shaped in 62%, 20%, 9%, 4%, 3% and 2% foramina ovale respectively. We also observed abnormal bony outgrowths in the foramen ovale like spines, tubercles, bony plate and bony bar. Abnormal bony bar was dividing the foramen ovale in 2 compartments (Anterior and Posterior). The preci CONCLUSIONS: se knowledge of variations of foramen ovale is of valuable contribution for neurosurgeons to development of new and different techniques to approach the middle cranial fossa. In our study we found , 100% tubercles and 80% spines were arising from anterior margin of foramen ovale. These ndings are important for neurosurgeons to approach middle cranial fossa via foramen ovale for neurosurgical and diagnostic procedures like percutaneous biopsy of cavernous sinus tumours, electroencephalographic analysis, microvascular decompression , percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy and administration of anaesthesia to the mandibular nerve. Surgeons should avoid to go , close to the anterior margin of foramen ovale as spines and tubercles could interrupt the procedures.

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Occurrence of the Foramen of Vesalius and Its Morphometry Relevant to Clinical Consideration

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/2012/817454 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Vipavadee Chaisuksunt ◽

Lanaprai Kwathai ◽

Kritsana Namonta ◽

Thanaporn Rungruang ◽

Wandee Apinhasmit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skull Base ◽

Surgical Approach ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Maximum Diameter ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Clinical Consideration ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

Foramen Of Vesalius

All 377 dry skulls were examined for the occurrence and morphometry of the foramen of Vesalius (FV) both in the middle cranial fossa and at the extracranial view of the skull base. There were 25.9% and 10.9% of FV found at the extracranial view of the skull base and in the middle cranial fossa, respectively. Total patent FV were 16.1% (11.9% unilaterally and 4.2% bilaterally). Most FV were found in male and on the left side. Comparatively, FV at the extracranial view of the skull base had a larger maximum diameter. The distance between FV and the foramen ovale (FO) was as short as2.05±1.09 mm measured at the extracranial view of the skull base. In conclusion, although the existence of FV is inconstant, its occurrence could not be negligible. The proximity of FV to FO should remind neurosurgeons to be cautious when performing the surgical approach through FO.

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MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LONGITUDINAL PARAMETERS OF THE MIDDLE CRANIAL FOSSA OF ADULTS DEPENDING ON EXTREME TYPE OF SKULLS STRUCTURE

Polonia University Scientific Journal ◽

10.23856/4333 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 256-262

Author(s):

Iryna Chekanova

Keyword(s):

Short Form ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Anatomical Landmarks ◽

Detailed Understanding ◽

Extreme Type ◽

Complex Anatomy ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

Human Skulls ◽

The Individual ◽

Base Of The Skull

Surgical accesses through the middle cranial fossa (MCF) and their variations require the surgeons a detailed understanding of a complex anatomy of this site of the inner base of the skull (IBS) and an individual anatomical variability of the anatomical landmarks often used in their medical practice. The aim of this study is to establish individual anatomical variability of the longitudinal dimensions of MCF of mature age human. The research was carried out by studying 50 craniotomograms and 50 bone preparations of mature age human skulls with their further subdivision to extreme types of skulls groups. The examinations of the main longitudinal parameters were done for detailed MCF craniometry, namely: MCF lateral cranial length, MCF general length, MCF medial areas length. It was determined that all longitudinal dimensions increase from brachicephales to dolichocephales. This is due to the fact that for brachicrans (round-headedness) short form of the skull is inherent, for dolichocrans (narrow-headedness) – long and for mesocrans (moderate-headedness) average head size is inherent. According to the received data, MCF longitudinal parameters of mature age human regardless of the extreme types of the skull structure have the tendency to increase from medial sections of the investigated area to lateral. The results of this study substantially complete the existing information about the individual anatomical variability of MCF of mature age human and also make it possible to deeply use this data in practical medicine and for further research in morphology and in craniology in details.

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Numerical variations and localization of foramen spinosum in 3D-CT images

Anatomy (International Journal of Experimental and Clinical Anatomy) ◽

10.2399/ana.21.899266 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 59-63

Author(s):

Yadigar Kastamoni ◽

Ahmet Dursun ◽

Veysel Atilla Ayyıldız ◽

Kenan Öztürk

Keyword(s):

Transverse Section ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Ct Images ◽

3D Ct ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Surgical Interventions ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

Neurovascular Structures

Objectives: The structures passing through the foramen spinosum and its neurovascular relationships are of great importance for surgical approches directed to middle cranial fossa. The aim of the present study was to examine the number and location of the foramen spinosum (FS) in 3D-CT images. Methods: The study was retrospectively conducted on 3D-CT images of 177 adults. Firstly, the transverse section passing through the upper edge of the orbit, extending parallel to the Frankfurt plane was chosen. Then, the x and y-axes were determined on that transverse section. The coordinates, number, and location of the FS with respect to the foramen ovale (FO) were identified accordingly on x and y-axes. Results: While 1 FS was present in 90.96% of a total of 354 sides of 177 heads, there were 2 FS and 3 FS in 8.76% and 0.28% of the sides, respectively. The FS was located posterolaterally in 97.68%, posteriorly in 2.06%, and laterally in 0.26% with respect to the FO. In terms of FS coordinates, there was no statistically significant difference between gender and sides in the distance of the FS to the x-axis, but there was a statistically significant difference between gender and sides in the distance of the FS to the y-axis. Conclusion: Evaluation of the number of the FS and its location would help identifying and preserving neighbouring neurovascular structures during surgical interventions directed to the middle cranial fossa.

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Morphometric and Topographic Study of Foramen Ovale in Indian Skulls

Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.18034/mjmbr.v5i2.455 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 75-84

Author(s):

Suniti Raj Mishra ◽

Sushobhana ◽

Shailendra Singh ◽

Raveena Singh ◽

Anamika Gaharwar

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Bilateral Symmetry ◽

Zygomatic Arch ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Bony Structure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bony Plate ◽

The Mean ◽

Human Skulls ◽

Anterior Root

Foramen ovale is an important foramen for neurosurgeons and used for percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy in trigeminal neuralgia. The present study was undertaken to study anatomic variations in appearance, dimensions of foramen ovale and its location in relation to the zygomatic arch. The study was conducted on 50 dry human skulls of known sex, available in the museum of Anatomy Dept. in G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur. The shape of foramen ovale and presence of any accessory bony structure like spur, spine, tubercle or bony plate were observed on both sides. The length and width of foramen ovale and its distance from articular tubercle and the anterior root of Zygomatic Arch was measured on both sides. The metric data was statistically analysed for bilateral symmetry and sexual dimorphism. The shape of foramen ovale was typically oval in most of the skulls (66%). In 40% sides any accessory bony structure was not seen while bony plate in 45% sides, spine in 6% and bridge like bony septa dividing the foramen into two compartments in 2% was observed. The mean length and width of foramen ovale in male skulls was 7.50+/-0.90 mm and 4.20+/-0.70 mm and 7.7+/-1.00 mm and 3.9+/-0.80 mm in the female skulls. The mean distance of foramen ovale from articular tubercle on Zygomatic arch was 32.8 +/- 2.8 mm in males and 31.1 +/- 2.4 mm in females. The mean distance from anterior root of Zygomatic arch was 21.4 +/- 1.9 mm in males and 21.6 +/- 1.7 mm in females. There was no significant difference in measurements of various metric parameters between right and left sides of foramen ovale (p>0.05) but highly significant difference was observed between male and female dimensions of all metric parameters.(p<0.001). Thus the foramen ovale does not exhibit bilateral symmetry but the sexual dimorphism is evident. The data is helpful for surgical practices.

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MORPHOMETRIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON FORAMEN OVALE

10.36106/gjra/9200804 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 21-22

Author(s):

S. Saravana Baskar ◽

S. Karthick

Keyword(s):

Morphological Study ◽

South India ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Mean Value ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Male And Female ◽

Foramen Rotundum ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

The Mean ◽

Meningeal Artery

Background: Foramen ovalee is an important foramen of the middle cranial fossa. Foramen ovalee is situated in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, posterior to the foramen rotundum and lateral to the lingula and posterior end of the carotid groove. Through the foramen ovale the mandibular nerve, accessory meningeal artery and lesser petrossal nerve are passing through it. The shape of foramen ovale is ovale in shape as compare to other foramina of the skull, its shape and size is quite variable. Meterials And Methods: A total 250 skulls were used for this study. The skulls were collected with I MBBS student from different medical colleges in south India. Skulls in poor conditions or skulls with partly damaged surroundings of the foramen ovalee were not considered. Maximum length and width of foramen ovalee was measured. Variation in right and left side and sex difference in length and width were calculated, the variations in shape also recorded. Results: The mean value of length of left foramen ovale is 8.5+1.32mm and right was 8.9+1.67mm. In female it was 8.7+1.67mmandmalewas 8.4+1.71mm. Themean value ofwidth of left foramen ovale is 3.7+1.03mmand right was 3.9+0.98mm. In female it was 3.8+0.92mm andmale was 3.7+1.02mm.The shape of foramen ovalewas ovale in 69% of skulls, almond in 29% of skulls and round was 2% of skulls. Conclusion: The present study conclude that there is signicant difference between sizes of right and left side foramen ovale and found that between male and female foramen ovale sizes also not shown any signicance difference. Foramen ovale has practical signicance to both neurosurgical and functional cranial neuroanatomy as it provides transcutaneous approaches to the skull base especially in cases of trigeminal neuralgia, as the Gasserion ganglion can be approached through it.

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Percutaneous Transfacial Needle Biopsy of a Middle Cranial Fossa Mass: Case Report and Technical Note

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/00006123-198912000-00027 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 996-999 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michael T. Stechison ◽

Mark Bernstein

Keyword(s):

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Metastatic Lesion ◽

Technical Note ◽

Middle Fossa ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Aspiration Technique ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

Mass Case ◽

Definitive Management

Abstract A case of a patient with a middle fossa mass that was considered to be either a metastatic lesion or a benign intracranial neoplasm is presented. The definitive management of the patient depended on a tissue diagnosis. A biopsy was obtained using a transfacial needle aspiration technique through the foramen ovale. The details of this procedure are described.

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Anthropometric Evaluation of Foramen Ovale in Adult Dry Skulls of the Mysuru-based Population

Journal of Morphological Sciences ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1678754 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (01) ◽

pp. 014-016

Author(s):

Vidya Srikantaiah ◽

Hemamalini Shetty

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Medical College ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Mean Width ◽

Percutaneous Trigeminal Rhizotomy ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right

Introduction The greater wing of sphenoid presents various foramina, of which the foramen ovale is one important foramen through which advanced surgical therapeutic and diagnostic procedures related to the middle cranial fossa are performed. Materials and Methods A total of 40 dried adult skulls of unknown gender and age, obtained from the Department of Anatomy of the JSS medical College, Mysuru, Kamakata, India. The length and the width of the foramen ovale were measured using digital sliding calipers (tiny deal 150 mm SS digital caliper with LCD display, Kristeel-Shimwa industries, Bombay, India). Results The mean length of the foramen ovale was 0.745 ± 0.31 cm on the right side (RS), and 0.68 ± 0.15 cm on the left side (LS). The mean width was 0.6 ± 0.17 cm on the RS, and 0.56 ± 0.14 cm on the LS. Conclusion The knowledge of variations in the length and breadth of the foramen ovale is of immense importance in neurosurgery during various invasive surgical procedures, such as percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy, and in the biopsy of cavernous sinus tumors and of Meckel cave lesions.

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The Anterolateral Triangle: Implications for a Transnasal Prelacrimal Approach to the Floor of the Middle Cranial Fossa

American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy ◽

10.1177/1945892420922757 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 671-678

Author(s):

Lifeng Li ◽

Nyall R. London ◽

Daniel M. Prevedello ◽

Ricardo L. Carrau

Keyword(s):

Surgical Navigation ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Middle Meningeal Artery ◽

Nasolacrimal Duct ◽

Lateral Nasal Wall ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Bony Ridge ◽

Greater Superficial Petrosal Nerve ◽

Foramen Rotundum ◽

Cranial Fossa

Background The anterolateral triangle enclosed by the foramen rotundum and foramen ovale constitutes part of the floor of the middle cranial fossa (MCF). Objective To assess the feasibility of a transnasal prelacrimal approach for accessing the floor of MCF via an anterolateral triangle corridor and to determine the extent of maximal exposure while safeguarding neurovascular structures. Methods A transnasal prelacrimal approach was performed in 5 cadaveric specimens (10 sides). Following the identification of foramen rotundum and foramen ovale, the bony ridge between 2 was drilled to expose the MCF. The temporal lobe dura was then elevated laterally, and the distances from foramen ovale to the respective borders of the area of the MCF window were measured using a surgical navigation device. Results The MCF was exposed with a 0° scope in all specimens also exposing significant landmarks including the middle meningeal artery, greater superficial petrosal nerve, superior petrous sinus, and arcuate eminence. Average distances from foramen ovale to the anterior, posterior, and lateral exposed borders were 22.86 ± 1.87 mm, 27.24 ± 0.94 mm, and 24.23 ± 1.61 mm, respectively. The average area of exposed MCF window was 554.12 ± 60.22 mm2. Preservation of vidian nerve, greater palatine nerve, lateral nasal wall, and nasolacrimal duct was possible in all 10 sides. Conclusion It is feasible to access the floor of MCF via an endoscopic transnasal prelacrimal approach with seemingly low risk.

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Extracerebral neural tissue mass in the middle cranial fossa extending into the oropharynx in a neonate

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1983.59.4.0692 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 692-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Susumu Wakai ◽

Kimiaki Nakamura ◽

Toshimoto Arai ◽

Masakatsu Nagai

Keyword(s):

Neural Tissue ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Baby Girl ◽

Tissue Mass ◽

Surgical Specimen ◽

Content Type ◽

Pigmented Epithelium ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

The Right

✓ The authors report the case of a newborn baby girl who had a large extracerebral neural tissue mass in the right middle cranial fossa which extended into the oropharynx through an enlarged foramen ovale. The surgical specimen comprised various kinds of neural tissue, including primitive neuroepithelium, mature as well as immature neurons and glia, myelinated fibers, ependyma, choroid plexus, ocular pigmented epithelium, and a number of calcospherites. The mass was partially covered by its own leptomeninges. The question of whether this mass is a true neoplasm or a heterotopia is discussed.

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