Anthropometric Evaluation of Foramen Ovale in Adult Dry Skulls of the Mysuru-based Population

Introduction The greater wing of sphenoid presents various foramina, of which the foramen ovale is one important foramen through which advanced surgical therapeutic and diagnostic procedures related to the middle cranial fossa are performed. Materials and Methods A total of 40 dried adult skulls of unknown gender and age, obtained from the Department of Anatomy of the JSS medical College, Mysuru, Kamakata, India. The length and the width of the foramen ovale were measured using digital sliding calipers (tiny deal 150 mm SS digital caliper with LCD display, Kristeel-Shimwa industries, Bombay, India). Results The mean length of the foramen ovale was 0.745 ± 0.31 cm on the right side (RS), and 0.68 ± 0.15 cm on the left side (LS). The mean width was 0.6 ± 0.17 cm on the RS, and 0.56 ± 0.14 cm on the LS. Conclusion The knowledge of variations in the length and breadth of the foramen ovale is of immense importance in neurosurgery during various invasive surgical procedures, such as percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy, and in the biopsy of cavernous sinus tumors and of Meckel cave lesions.

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ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF FORAMEN OVALE AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

10.36106/ijsr/8501144 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 29-31

Author(s):

Gyan Prakash Mishra ◽

Ajay Singh Rajput ◽

Stuti Tandon

Keyword(s):

Anterior Margin ◽

Percutaneous Biopsy ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Mandibular Nerve ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Emissary Vein ◽

Bony Plate ◽

Cranial Fossa

INTRODUCTION: The foramen ovale is present in sphenoid bone which transmits the mandibular nerve, accessory meningeal artery, emissary vein and the lesser petrosal nerve. This study was conducted on a total 100 si MATERIALS & METHODS: des in 50 dry adult skulls. The shape of foramen will be determined by a visual examination. Margins of foramen were carefully observed for the abnormal bony outgrowths such as sharp bony projections (spine), small blunt bony projection (tubercle), bony plate and bony bar. We obs RESULTS: erved the variations in shape of foramen ovale. We found oval, almond, round, triangular, slit like and irregular shaped in 62%, 20%, 9%, 4%, 3% and 2% foramina ovale respectively. We also observed abnormal bony outgrowths in the foramen ovale like spines, tubercles, bony plate and bony bar. Abnormal bony bar was dividing the foramen ovale in 2 compartments (Anterior and Posterior). The preci CONCLUSIONS: se knowledge of variations of foramen ovale is of valuable contribution for neurosurgeons to development of new and different techniques to approach the middle cranial fossa. In our study we found , 100% tubercles and 80% spines were arising from anterior margin of foramen ovale. These ndings are important for neurosurgeons to approach middle cranial fossa via foramen ovale for neurosurgical and diagnostic procedures like percutaneous biopsy of cavernous sinus tumours, electroencephalographic analysis, microvascular decompression , percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy and administration of anaesthesia to the mandibular nerve. Surgeons should avoid to go , close to the anterior margin of foramen ovale as spines and tubercles could interrupt the procedures.

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Location of the middle cranial fossa dural plate in patients with chronic otitis media

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215113003526 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 128 (1) ◽

pp. 60-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Genc ◽

M G Genc ◽

I B Arslan ◽

A Selcuk

Keyword(s):

Otitis Media ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Control Group ◽

Adjacent Structures ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

The Mean ◽

Bone Scans ◽

The Right ◽

And Control

AbstractAim:This study aimed to determine whether or not the middle cranial fossa dural plate is located lower (i.e. more caudally) in patients with chronic otitis media, relative to adjacent structures.Methods:The authors retrospectively investigated computed tomography temporal bone scans of 267 ears of 206 patients who had undergone surgery with a diagnosis of chronic otitis media, together with scans of 222 ears of 111 patients without chronic otitis media. The depth of the middle cranial fossa dural plates was recorded.Results:The mean depth of the middle cranial fossa dural plate was 4.59 mm in the study group and 2.71 mm in the control group (p < 0.001). The middle cranial fossa dural plate was located lower in the right ear in both the study and control groups.Conclusion:The middle cranial fossa dural plate was located lower in patients with chronic otitis media, and in the right ears of both patients and controls. Surgeons should take this low location into consideration, and take extra care, during relevant surgery on patients with chronic otitis media.

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Morphometric Study of Axis Vertebra in Subjects of Indian Origin

International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.18311/ijmds/2018/18911 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1615 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jasveen Kaur ◽

Kamaljeet Kaur ◽

Poonam Singh ◽

Ajay Kumar

Keyword(s):

Transverse Process ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

Transverse Diameter ◽

Medical College ◽

Axis Vertebra ◽

Graph Paper ◽

Indian Origin ◽

Mean Width ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right

Background: The axis vertebra, exhibits complex and extensive variability in the morphology and there are vital neurovascular structures in its proximity. Knowledge of this variability is important for neurosurgeons, orthopaedicians, otorhynologists and other physicians who in everyday practice are in contact with disorders of the spine and their consequences.Objective: The aim was to evaluate various morphometric dimensions of axis vertebrae and to compare with the available data.Material and Methods: 50 dried human axis vertebrae of Indian origin, available in the Department of Anatomy, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana were studied. Various dimensions were taken with vernier calipers, metric scale and graph paper. The dimensions were measured in millimetres and statistically analysed with paired t-test.Results: The mean of maximum anteroposterior diameter (max.APD) and maximum transverse diameter (max.TD) of Superior Articular Facet (SAF) was measured as 17.42mm±1.73 and 15.31mm±1.44 on the right side, 17.64mm±1.51 and 15.17mm±1.48 on left side. The mean Distance from Lateral most edge of SAF to Midline was measured as 22.56mm ± 2.37 and 22.40mm ± 2.16 on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean Distance from Tip of Transverse Process to Midline was 26.45mm ± 2.85 on the right and 26.03mm ± 2.64 on the left side. The mean Height of Dens was measured as 13.83mm ± 1.52, mean Width of Dens as 9.57mm ± 0.85. Width of Pedicle was measured as 10.52mm ± 1.99 and 10.61mm ± 1.67on right and left sides, respectively.Conclusion: The knowledge of these dimensions can provide useful information for safe planning of osseous fixation.

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MORPHOMETRIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON FORAMEN OVALE

10.36106/gjra/9200804 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 21-22

Author(s):

S. Saravana Baskar ◽

S. Karthick

Keyword(s):

Morphological Study ◽

South India ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Mean Value ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Male And Female ◽

Foramen Rotundum ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

The Mean ◽

Meningeal Artery

Background: Foramen ovalee is an important foramen of the middle cranial fossa. Foramen ovalee is situated in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, posterior to the foramen rotundum and lateral to the lingula and posterior end of the carotid groove. Through the foramen ovale the mandibular nerve, accessory meningeal artery and lesser petrossal nerve are passing through it. The shape of foramen ovale is ovale in shape as compare to other foramina of the skull, its shape and size is quite variable. Meterials And Methods: A total 250 skulls were used for this study. The skulls were collected with I MBBS student from different medical colleges in south India. Skulls in poor conditions or skulls with partly damaged surroundings of the foramen ovalee were not considered. Maximum length and width of foramen ovalee was measured. Variation in right and left side and sex difference in length and width were calculated, the variations in shape also recorded. Results: The mean value of length of left foramen ovale is 8.5+1.32mm and right was 8.9+1.67mm. In female it was 8.7+1.67mmandmalewas 8.4+1.71mm. Themean value ofwidth of left foramen ovale is 3.7+1.03mmand right was 3.9+0.98mm. In female it was 3.8+0.92mm andmale was 3.7+1.02mm.The shape of foramen ovalewas ovale in 69% of skulls, almond in 29% of skulls and round was 2% of skulls. Conclusion: The present study conclude that there is signicant difference between sizes of right and left side foramen ovale and found that between male and female foramen ovale sizes also not shown any signicance difference. Foramen ovale has practical signicance to both neurosurgical and functional cranial neuroanatomy as it provides transcutaneous approaches to the skull base especially in cases of trigeminal neuralgia, as the Gasserion ganglion can be approached through it.

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Extracerebral neural tissue mass in the middle cranial fossa extending into the oropharynx in a neonate

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1983.59.4.0692 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 692-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Susumu Wakai ◽

Kimiaki Nakamura ◽

Toshimoto Arai ◽

Masakatsu Nagai

Keyword(s):

Neural Tissue ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Baby Girl ◽

Tissue Mass ◽

Surgical Specimen ◽

Content Type ◽

Pigmented Epithelium ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

The Right

✓ The authors report the case of a newborn baby girl who had a large extracerebral neural tissue mass in the right middle cranial fossa which extended into the oropharynx through an enlarged foramen ovale. The surgical specimen comprised various kinds of neural tissue, including primitive neuroepithelium, mature as well as immature neurons and glia, myelinated fibers, ependyma, choroid plexus, ocular pigmented epithelium, and a number of calcospherites. The mass was partially covered by its own leptomeninges. The question of whether this mass is a true neoplasm or a heterotopia is discussed.

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Incidence, Clinicopathological Profile and Location - Based Outcome of Intracranial Meningiomas: 10-Year Institutional Study with Review of Literature

Indian Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1714436 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 042-048

Author(s):

Feroze Ganai ◽

Humam Nisar Tanki ◽

Afaq Sherwani ◽

Kirmani Altaf ◽

Nazish Chisti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Young Females ◽

Intracranial Meningiomas ◽

Significant Incidence ◽

Clinicopathological Profile ◽

Anterior Fossa ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

The Mean ◽

Sphenoid Ridge

Abstract Intracranial meningiomas are the most common extra-axial tumors, representing 15% of all brain tumors. Arising from the arachnoid cells, and common in middle-aged women, 90% meningiomas are benign. We conducted a 10-year study on 183 cases of intracranial meningiomas and observed a lower and decreasing trend; the mean age was 43.3 years but there was also a significant incidence in young females. Parasagittal/falx (29%), sphenoid ridge, convexity meningiomas and middle cranial fossa locations were more common. Histopathologically, meningothelial meningioma was the most common. Benign (WHO I) tumors were found in above 90%, atypical (WHO II) in 5% cases, and malignant (WHO III) in < 4% patients. Most patients underwent Simpsons Grade I excision (35.6%) with dural reconstruction because of late presentations. Posterior fossa meningiomas were mostly benign, while intraventricular ones were mostly malignant with highest postoperation mortality. Mortality in operated patients was 9.8% but was highest in anterior fossa tumors (12.5%).

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A STUDY OF THE DIMENSIONS OF HUMAN ACETABULUM IN THE DRY HIP BONES OF SOUTH KERALA POPULATION

10.36106/ijar/2702747 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 11-14

Author(s):

Rani Raphael M ◽

Sajey P. S. ◽

Rajad. R ◽

Varghese P. D

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

Hip Prosthesis ◽

Human Anatomy ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Male And Female ◽

Medical College ◽

The Mean ◽

Kerala State ◽

The Right ◽

Anatomical Parameters

Introduction: In human anatomy the acetabulum is a cavity on the lateral aspect of the hip-bone. The purpose of this study is to record the depth and diameter of the acetabulum cavity to accumulate morphological data helpful for anthropologists, Forensic medicine experts and orthopedicians. Materials And Methods: The study was done on 88 adult human hip bones (42 right and 46 left) collected from Department of Anatomy, Govt.T.D Medical College, Alappuzha, Kerala state. The diameters and maximum depth were measured using digital vernier calliper. The measurements were compared with other studies in the world. The mean diam Results: eter of acetabulum was 48.08 ± 3.21mm, 44.16 ± 2.60 mm in male and female respectively. The mean ± S.D value of depth was 29.11± 2.37 and 27.20± 2.01 mm. in male and female respectively. The correlation between depth and diameter was signicant only in the right male hip bones. There is signicant variation in the Conclusion: anatomical parameters of hip bone between different Indian population groups. The data from this study may be used for designing population specic hip prosthesis.

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Radiographic Measurement of Cochlear in Sudanese Population using High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT)

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.47836/pjst.29.2.32 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Lubna Bushara ◽

Mohamed Yousef ◽

Ikhlas Abdelaziz ◽

Mogahid Zidan ◽

Dalia Bilal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

High Resolution ◽

Temporal Bone ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Cochlear Nerve ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽

Mean Width ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right

This study aimed to determine the measurements of the cochlea among healthy subjects and hearing deafness subjects using a High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT). A total of 230 temporal bone HRCT cases were retrospectively investigated in the period spanning from 2011 to 2015. Three 64-slice units were used to examine patients with clinical complaints of hearing loss conditions at three Radiology departments in Khartoum, Sudan. For the control group (A) healthy subjects, the mean width of the right and left cochlear were 5.61±0.40 mm and 5.56±0.58 mm, the height were 3.56±0.36 mm and 3.54±0.36 mm, the basal turn width were 1.87±0.19 mm and 1.88 ±0.18 mm, the width of the cochlear nerve canal were 2.02±1.23 and 1.93±0.20, cochlear nerve density was 279.41±159.02 and 306.84±336.9 HU respectively. However, for the experimental group (B), the mean width of the right and left cochlear width were 5.38±0.46 mm and 5.34±0.30 mm, the height were 3.53±0.25 mm and 3.49±0.28mm, the basal turn width were 1.76±0.13 mm, and 1.79±0.13 mm, the width of the cochlear nerve canal were 1.75±0.18mm and 1.73±0.18mm, and cochlear nerve density were 232.84±316.82 and 196.58±230.05 HU, respectively. The study found there was a significant difference in cochlea’s measurement between the two groups with a p-value < 0.05. This study had established baseline measurements for the cochlear for the healthy Sudanese population. Furthermore, it found that HRCT of the temporal bone was the best for investigation of the cochlear and could provide a guide for the clinicians to manage congenital hearing loss.

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Sexual Dimorphism in Laryngeal Volumetric Measurements Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/0145561319840568 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 99 (2) ◽

pp. 132-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdul-Latif Hamdan ◽

Elie Khalifee ◽

Georges Ziade ◽

Sahar Semaan

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Men And Women ◽

Mean Width ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right ◽

Volumetric Measurements

The objective of this study is to investigate the dimensional and volumetric measurements in the thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle in men and women using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The hypothesis is that there is a gender-related difference in these measurements. A retrospective chart review of 76 patients who underwent MRI of the neck at the American University of Beirut Medical Center was conducted. The dimension and volume of the right and left TA muscle were measured on axial and coronal planes short tau inversion recovery images. Male and female groups were compared with respect to demographic data and MRI findings using parametric and nonparametric tests. The mean length of the thyro-arytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 2.44 [0.29] cm vs females 1.70 [0.22] cm) and on the left (males 2.50 [0.28] cm vs females 1.72 [0.24] cm) reaching statistical significance ( P < .001). The mean width of the thyro-arytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 0.68 [0.13] cm vs females 0.59 [0.11] cm) and on the left (males 0.68 [0.12] cm vs females 0.57 [0.12] cm) reaching statistical significance ( P < .001). The mean height of the thyro-arytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 1.05 [0.21] cm vs females 0.95 [0.12] cm) and on the left (males 1.05 [0.21] cm vs females 0.95 [0.12] cm) reaching statistical significance ( P < .01 on the right and P < .05 on the left). The volume of the thyroarytenoid muscle in males was larger than that in females on the right (males 0.86 [0.25] mL vs females 0.48 [0.15] mL) and on the left (males 0.89 [0.27] mL vs females 0.48 [0.17] mL) reaching statistical significance ( P < .001). The results of this investigation clearly indicate a significant difference in these measurements between men and women.

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Occurrence of the Foramen of Vesalius and Its Morphometry Relevant to Clinical Consideration

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/2012/817454 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Vipavadee Chaisuksunt ◽

Lanaprai Kwathai ◽

Kritsana Namonta ◽

Thanaporn Rungruang ◽

Wandee Apinhasmit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skull Base ◽

Surgical Approach ◽

Middle Cranial Fossa ◽

Maximum Diameter ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Clinical Consideration ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

Foramen Of Vesalius

All 377 dry skulls were examined for the occurrence and morphometry of the foramen of Vesalius (FV) both in the middle cranial fossa and at the extracranial view of the skull base. There were 25.9% and 10.9% of FV found at the extracranial view of the skull base and in the middle cranial fossa, respectively. Total patent FV were 16.1% (11.9% unilaterally and 4.2% bilaterally). Most FV were found in male and on the left side. Comparatively, FV at the extracranial view of the skull base had a larger maximum diameter. The distance between FV and the foramen ovale (FO) was as short as2.05±1.09 mm measured at the extracranial view of the skull base. In conclusion, although the existence of FV is inconstant, its occurrence could not be negligible. The proximity of FV to FO should remind neurosurgeons to be cautious when performing the surgical approach through FO.

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