scholarly journals Antibacterial Potential of the Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Stachytarpheta Indica

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Christian Godwin Akuodor ◽  
Monday Pius Udia ◽  
Charles Emeka Udenze ◽  
John Onyemaechi Ogbonna
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Objective: There is increasing need for potent antimicrobial agents to tackle the problem of diseases in man. In view of this, the activities of methanol stem bark extract of Stachytarpheta indica was evaluated against some disease causing microorganisms. Method: The activity of the extract against S. aureus, P.aeruginosa, E. coli, S. typhi and Shigella spp was determined using agar diffusion technique. Results: The methanol stem bark extract demonstrated significant activity against the test organisms. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the stem bark extract ranged from 12-60 μg/ml. Conclusion: Further isolation of active compound responsible for the antibacterial activity could be the potential sources of new antibacterial agents. Asian Journal of Medical Science, Volume-4 (2013), Pages 5-10 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i4.8248 

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ETHANOL STEM BARK EXTRACT OF BERLINIA GRANDIFLORA HUTCH AND DALZ ON MARKER LIVER ENZYMES IN RATS TREATED WITH CCl4

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Martin Ntiamoah Donkor ◽  
Samuel Yawson Ayikanle ◽  
Samuel Adoesomdonkor
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The objective of this work was to validate the traditional claim of the use of the stem bark of Berlinia grandiflora in treating liver problems by investigating the effect of its ethanol stem bark extract on maker liver enzymes in vivo.Methods: Groups of Wistar albino rats (6 in each group) were daily treated with CCl4 (2 ml/kg b.w., diluted with olive oil 1:1 v/v, intravenously), followed by oral administration of ethanol stem bark extract of Berlinia grandiflora (ESBG) at doses 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg b.w. respectively, 3 h after the administration of the CCl4. Serum biochemical parameters were measured 24 h at the end of the 7-day treatment period and compared to a group intoxicated with CCl4 (2 ml/kg b.w., diluted with olive oil 1:1 v/v, intravenously) alone.Results: Treatment of rats with ESBG (at doses 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg b.w. orally) reduced the impact of CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity on liver maker enzymes Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin (TB), with the 900 mg/kg b.w. showing a significant reduction (p<0.05) compared to the group intoxicated with CCl4. The extract reversed the impact of the CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity by increasing the concentration of the serum Total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB), with the 900 mg/kg b.w. dose showing a significant increment (p<0.05) compared to the group intoxicated with the CCl4.Conclusion: The investigation of the effect of Berlinia grandiflora on CCl4 induced liver damage revealed that the ethanol extract of the stem bark of the plant was able to reverse the hepatotoxicity, with the 900 mg/kg b.w. dose showing a significant activity. 

scholarly journals Assessment of Antibiotics and Fluoride Toothpastes against Pathogenic Bacteria associated with Dental Caries

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Vibrio Spp

Dental caries is the most contagious disease throughout the world. In the present study, a total of 100 dental caries patients were selected and samples from these patients were collected through sterile pincers for microbiological examination. A total of 9 different pathogenic bacterial isolates were identified through conventional culturing technique and among them maximum number of occurrence was by Salmonella spp (26.13%), followed by E. coli (17.39%), Proteus spp (17.39%), Shigella spp (8.69%), Pseudomonas spp (8.69%), Vibrio spp (8.69%), Enterobacter spp (4.34%), Yersinia spp (4.34%) and S. mutans (4.34%). Furthermore, antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by 9 different commercially available antibiotics i.e. vancomycin, erythromycin, clindamycin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, rifampicin, ampicillin, ticarcillin and metronidazole/silver sulphadizine. Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was used against test organisms and it was observed that all these antibiotics expressed significant activity against greater part of test organisms but few of them showed resistance to metronidazole/silver sulphadizine. In addition to this, different toothpastes encoded as TP-1, TP-2, TP-3, TP-4 and TP-5 were used at a concentration of 20 mg/mL in order to evaluate their activity against test organisms and it was observed that all these toothpastes showed significant activity against isolated bacteria. It was concluded that all these toothpastes contained fluoride which supports to avoid tooth decay and promote minty fresh breath. Furthermore, it was recommended that avoid usage of too much sweets, chocolates, candies especially in children/adults, and there must be a proper use of toothpastes twice a day at every stage of life. Keywords: Dental Caries, Pathogenic Bacteria, Antibiotics, Fluoride Toothpastes

scholarly journals Antibacterial Screening and Phytochemical investigation of bark extracts of Acacia jacquemontii Benth.

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
K Choudhary ◽  
M Singh ◽  
U Pillai ◽  
N S Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽  
Antibacterial Screening ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Acacia  jacquemontii was  assessed  for  active  principles  to  ascertain  the  rationale  for  its  use  in  traditional medicine. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the stem bark extracts showed that it possessed the active principles - alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, terpenoids and tannins. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was assayed against pathogenic strains of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus pumilus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, S. pyrogenes, and Candida albcans using  the agar diffusion method. The plant extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against all the test microorganisms. B. cereus and B. pumilus were the most susceptible to the plant extract while Candida albicans was the most resistant. The minimum inhibitory  concentration  of  the  stem  bark  extract  of  the  plant  ranged  between  30  and  50 mg/ml while  the minimum bactericidal concentration ranged between 35 and 60 mg/ml. A. jacquemontii could be a potential source of antimicrobial agents.   Key words: Antibacterial; Antifungal; Baonli; Medicinal plants.  DOI: 10.3329/sjps.v2i2.2384Stamford Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.2(2) 2009: 21-26

scholarly journals In vitro Antimicrobial and Antifungal Efficacy of Ethanol Crude Stem Bark Extract of Boswella dalzielle

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
K. I. Ogbu ◽  
I. C. Chukwudi ◽  
O. J. Ijomanta ◽  
E. O. Agwu ◽  
C. N. Chinonye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Antifungal Effects ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The efficacy of  Boswellia  dalzielii (Frankincense)  stem bark extract on some bacterial and fungal organisms was evaluated for its in-vitro antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus   pyogenes,   Escherichia   coli,  Salmonella   gallinarium,   Aspergillus fumigatus  and  Candida  albicans.  The research  work was carried  out in Biochemistry  and Microbiology Laboratories of Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, National  Veterinary  Research  Institute,  Vom.  Well  diffusion  method  was  carried  out  on nutrient agar. MIC, MBC and MFC of the test organisms were carried out on nutrient broth. The phytochemistry revealed the presence of saponin, tannin, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, steroids,  terpens  and  phenol  in ethanol  extracts  while  resin,  alkaloid  and  glycosides  were absent in hot water extracts. Alkaloid was also absent in ethanolic extract. The aqueous extract of the plant exhibited neither antibacterial nor antifungal effects against all test organisms used in the study while the ethanolic extract of the plant showed both antibacterial and antifungal effects on the study organisms. The  results  of this  study also showed  that  the  ethanolic  extract  of Boswellia  dalzielii  stem  bark has activity  against  all bacteria species used in the study (broad spectrum activity). For gram-negative and positive bacteria, Salmonella  gallinarium  and Staphylococcus  aureus were the most sensitive  while Escherichia  coli and Streptococcus pyogenes were the least respectively.  Candida albicans was more sensitive than Aspergillus fumigatus. It was concluded that the test organisms were susceptible to ethanol extracts of the plant and may be good source of antibiotics.

Antibacterial secotirucallane triterpenes from the stem bark of Pseudocedrela kotschyi

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christèle Sorèle Mambou ◽  
Raymond Ngansop Nono ◽  
Jean Rodolphe Chouna ◽  
Jean-de-Dieu Tamokou ◽  
Pépin Nkeng-Efouet-Alango ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
2D Nmr ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
2D Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Dioic Acid ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

AbstractThe antibacterial-guided investigation of the stem bark extract ofPseudocedrela kotschyiled to the isolation of a new secotirucallane triterpene derivative: 4-hydroxy-3,4-secotirucalla-7,24-dien-3,21-dioic acid (1), together with the known one: 3,4-secotirucalla-4(28),7,24-trien-3,21-dioic acid (2) and 3-methyl ester 3,4-secotirucalla-4(28),7,24-trien-3,21-dioic (3). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. Extracts, fractions and compounds (1–3) were tested in vitro for antibacterial activity against two Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilisandStaphylococcus aureusATCC 25923), and two Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coliS2(1) andPseudomonas aeruginosa). The MeOH extract and the Hex/CH2Cl2(70:30) fraction showed significant levels of activity (MIC=64– 256 μg/mL) compared with the two reference drugs [ciprofloxacin: MIC (0.5–1 μg/mL) and amoxicillin: MIC (1–128 μg/mL)]. Moreover, the compound2isolated from this Hex/CH2Cl2(70:30) fraction had the greatest potential value againstS. aureus,E. coliandP. aeruginosa, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 4–16 μg/mL.

Sequestered uptake of chromium(VI) by Irvingia gabonensis stem bark extract anchored silica gel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Amaku ◽  
Segun A. Ogundare ◽  
Kovo G. Akpomie ◽  
Comfort M. Ngwu ◽  
Jeanet Conradie
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis ◽  
Stem Bark Extract
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