scholarly journals Neuromyelitis optica in a 9 year old girl: A case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 132-134
Author(s):  
Soutrik Seth ◽  
Tanmoy Biswas ◽  
Rajib Das ◽  
Atanu Roy
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Girl Child ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an acquired demyelinating disorder affecting the optic nerves and spinal cord either simultaneously or sequentially. Prognosis is guarded particularly for the optic neuritis.We report here a case of first attack of NMO occurring in a 9 year old girl child coming from a rural area of Burdwan.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 132-134

scholarly journals Neuromyelitis optica with brain stem involvement in a middle-aged Ethiopian woman: a case report and review of literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodas Asrat Kassu ◽  
Hailu Abera Mulatu ◽  
Sisay Gizaw ◽  
Henok Fisseha ◽  
Amir Musema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Introduction Neuromyelitis optica is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that predominantly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. In neuromyelitis optica, white blood cells and antibodies primarily attack the optic nerves and the spinal cord, but may also attack the brain. Brainstem manifestation has been described recently. So far, neuromyelitis optica is very rare in Ethiopia and there were only two case reports, but this is the first case report of neuromyelitis optica with brainstem involvement. Case presentation A 47-year-old Addis Ababa woman presented to Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College with a history of visual loss of 7 years and bilateral lower limb weakness of 4 days duration. She had bilateral oculomotor nerve palsy. Her past medical history showed systemic hypertension for 18 years and dyslipidemia for 1 year. The objective evaluation of the patient revealed right optic nerve atrophy suggesting optic neuritis and flaccid paraplegia with sensory level at the fourth thoracic vertebra. Diagnostic work-up using electromyography and spinal magnetic resonance imaging revealed demyelinating anterior visual pathway dysfunction and signs of extensive cervicothoracic transverse myelitis from the third cervical to lower thoracic vertebrae, respectively. Then a diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica was established. After treatment with high-dose systemic steroid followed by azathioprine, the patient was stable for several months with significant improvement of vision and lower-extremity weakness with no relapse of symptoms. Conclusion The case described here is a rare inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system occurring in East Africa. It reminds clinicians to suspect neuromyelitis optica in a patient who presented with unexplained recurrent optic neuritis to make a timely diagnosis and prevention of permanent neuronal damage. Neuromyelitis optica can also be associated with oculomotor nerve involvement.

scholarly journals Epidural Labor Analgesia for a Patient with Neuromyelitis Optica: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Alexandra Chang ◽  
Brian Chung ◽  
Rashmi Vandse
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Neuraxial Anesthesia ◽  
Labor Analgesia ◽  
Disease Entity ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
The Impact

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare demyelinating disorder affecting the spinal cord and optic nerves. Like multiple sclerosis (MS), it predominantly affects women during childbearing years. The impact of neuraxial anesthesia on the course of NMO is uncertain. There are no large studies available to draw definitive conclusions regarding the safety of neuraxial anesthesia in this population. A review of the current literature suggests that neuraxial anesthesia is unlikely to exacerbate neurologic symptoms in pregnant patients with NMO. However, given the rarity of this disease entity among patients requesting epidural labor analgesia, we recommend taking a cautious approach.

scholarly journals Case Report: In Situ Expression of a Proliferation-Inducing Ligand in Neuromyelitis Optica

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Baert ◽  
Romain Marignier ◽  
Hans P. Lassmann ◽  
Bertrand Huard
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Immunosuppressive Activity ◽  
Cellular Target ◽  
Main Observation ◽  
Complement Deposition

A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) mediates a key role in the generation and survival of antibody-inducing plasmocytes. Based on this, APRIL has been targeted in autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS) and optic neuritis (ON). In MS lesions, APRIL has a new cellular target, the reactive astrocyte and mediates an immunosuppressive activity. Here, we analyzed APRIL expression in a case of neuromyelitis optica (NMO), another autoimmune neurodegenerative disease, showing selective aquaporin-4 depletion in the spinal cord, complement deposition and infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells. We analyzed by immunohistochemistry the presence of APRIL-producing cells, plasmocytes, astrocytes and the localization of secreted APRIL in a lesion from NMO. Plasmocytes were present close to APRIL-producing cells in meninges. However, our main observation was that APRIL targets reactive astrocytes in this lesion of NMO similarly to MS.

scholarly journals Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Schmidt ◽  
Önder Göktas ◽  
Sven Jarius ◽  
Brigitte Wildemann ◽  
Klemens Ruprecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Clinical Spectrum ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
Psychophysical Testing

Background. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severely disabling autoimmune disorder of the CNS, which mainly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. However, recent studies have shown that extra-opticospinal are more common in NMO than previously thought.Objective. To investigate olfactory function (OF) in patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) versus healthy controls (HC).Methods. Psychophysical testing of the orthonasal OF was performed using theThreshold-Discrimination-Identificationtest (TDI), measuring different qualities of olfaction, in 10 unselected NMO patients and 10 HC.Results. Five of 10 NMO patients (50%) showed hyposmia, while all 10 HC were normosmic. Moreover, NMO patients had significantly lower meanTDI-scores compared to HC, based on a poorer performance in both theDiscriminationand theIdentificationsubtests.Conclusions. Our results suggest that hyposmia might be part of the expanding clinical spectrum of NMO.

scholarly journals Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica: Case Report with Literature Review for Possible Pathological Association

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
Hosna Saad Elshony ◽  
Abdelrahman Idris ◽  
Abdulaziz Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Rabia Muddassir
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system which is characterized by attacks of optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. An association between NMO and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has been rarely recognized, having been reported only 3 times before. Here we report on a patient with NMO who eventually developed subarachnoid hemorrhage, in order to emphasize that the association between NMO and ICH is mostly not incidental and that the pathological basis for this association should be investigated thoroughly.

An acute onset of paraparesis in 65 years old Croatian woman – a case report

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kosta
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
High Doses

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO, Devic`sdisease) is a rare inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that predominantly affects the spinal cord and optic nerves. Seropositivity for NMO-IgG (aquaporin 4antybodies) and longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions (3 or more segments) are characteristics of NMO. We described a 65-year old woman with an acute onset of paraparesis that was not recognized as NMO at the beginning. The diagnosis was made three months later when she was readmitted because of the relapse.Despite the treatment with high doses of methylprednisolone, plasmapheresis and immunoglobulins her condition stayed unchanged – she was paraplegic and incontinent.

scholarly journals Patient with neuromyelitis optica and inflammatory demyelinating lesions comprising whole spinal cord from C2 level till conus: case report

BMC Neurology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeljka Petelin Gadze ◽  
Sanja Hajnsek ◽  
Silvio Basic ◽  
Davor Sporis ◽  
Goran Pavlisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions

Neuromyelitis optica with clinical and histopathological involvement of the brain

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J.D. Hengstman ◽  
P. Wesseling ◽  
C.W.G.M. Frenken ◽  
P.J.H. Jongen
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Autopsy Case ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
First Case ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Brain Involvement ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Active Disease

Diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica (NMO) state that there should be no active disease outside the optic nerves and spinal cord. However, several cases have been described with symptomatic brain involvement. We describe an autopsy case of a patient with NMO and symptomatic involvement of the brain. The histopathology of the brain lesions is typical for NMO, with extensive macrophage infiltration, including perivascular accumulation of large numbers of eosinophils. This is the first case that clearly shows that in NMO, the histopathology of the brain lesions is identical to that of the lesions in the optic nerves and spinal cord. Multiple Sclerosis 2007; 13: 679-682. http://msj.sagepub.com

A case of neuromyelitis optica harboring both anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies and a pathogenic mitochondrial DNA mutation for Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Shiraishi ◽  
Shintaro Hayashi ◽  
Takashi Kamada ◽  
Noriko Isobe ◽  
Ryo Yamasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Leber’S Hereditary Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Mtdna Mutation ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
Hereditary Optic Neuropathy

We report the first case of definite neuromyelitis optica (NMO) with a pathogenic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation for Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) (G11778A point mutation). A 36-year-old Japanese woman had experienced recurrent neurological symptoms originating from involvements of the optic nerves and spinal cord. She finally lost her bilateral vision, and spastic paraparesis and sensory disturbances below the T6 level remained despite intensive immunotherapies. Brain and spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed T2-high-intensity lesions in the optic nerves and thoracic spinal cord, but no lesions in the brain. A blood examination revealed positivity for both anti-aquaproin-4 antibodies and an LHON mtDNA mutation.

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