scholarly journals Vegetation composition and diversity of Piluwa micro-watershed in Tinjure-Milke region, east Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madan Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Rhododendron Arboreum ◽  
Structure Degradation ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
Quercus Semecarpifolia

Comparative study of vegetation structure and composition of two forests at Tamafok (TF) and Madimulkharka (MM) villages in the Piluwa micro-watershed was undertaken. A total of 20 tree species were reported, with more species in the non-degraded TF forest than in the degraded MM forest. Rhododendron arboreum and Goldfussia penstemonoides were the dominant species in the TF forest, whereas Quercus semecarpifolia and Rhododendron arboreum were dominant in the MM forest. The total density of trees in the TF forest (756 ha-1) was higher than that at MM (346 ha-1). Similarly, tree basal area in the TF forest (69.8 m2 ha-1) was greater than at MM (56.9 m2 ha-1). Shrub density was also higher in the TF forest than at MM. Diversity indices for both trees (2.61) and shrubs (0.915) in the TF forest showed higher values in comparison to MM (2.4, 0.854). Concentration of dominance of the tree species was stronger in the MM forest (0.266) as compared to TF (0.258). The regeneration potential was higher in the degraded MM forest than in the relatively undisturbed TF forest. Seedling-sapling density was lower in undisturbed and mature forest which had closed canopy. Key words: Forest structure, degradation, species richness, dominance Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2(3): 29-32, 2004

scholarly journals Vegetation Analysis of Namuna Community Forest of Salbari, Sanischare VDC in Jhapa District, Eastern Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Vegetation Study

Vegetation study was carried out in an afforested land called Namuna Community Forest in Salbari, Sanischare, VDC, Jhapa, District. Random samplings for estimation of density, frequency, basal area and IVI were carried out by laying quadrates (10m x 10 m) at different sites of forest, three times and mean value was calculated. Nine tree species were recorded during field study. Total density of 10,410 pl/ha and total basal area of 33.956 m2/ha of tree species were recorded. The value of density (1790 pl/ha), basal area (31.45m2/ha) and IVI (130.63) were found highest for Shorea robusta, which is ecologically successful species in this forest. Lower value of basal area showed that this forest is young and regenerating. Other tree species had comparatively lower value of density, basal area and IVI due to regular human inte rference. Therefore an example of establishing forest community so as to initiate the conservation of local biodiversity has been discussed in this article.Key words: Community forest; conservation; IVI estimation; regenerating; Shorea robustaJournal of Natural History Museum Vol. 23, 2008 Page 12-15

scholarly journals Structure and composition of trees in Mount Tilu Nature Reserve, West Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Cahyanto ◽  
Muhammad Efendi ◽  
DIAN MUHAMAD RAMDAN
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
West Java ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Regeneration Status

Abstract. Cahyanto T, Efendi M, Ramdan DM. 2020. Structure and composition of trees in Mount Tilu Nature Reserve, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2674-2680. An understanding of the structure and composition of stands in a conservation area is needed to support sustainable management strategy. However, this information in the Mount Tilu Nature Reserve, Bandung District, West Java area is still lacking. This research was aimed to analyze the structure and composition of tree species in the block of Malagembol forest, Mt. Tilu NR. Data collection was carried out through vegetation analysis using sampling plot method with size of 10x100 m2 at three-level altitudes of 1530 m, 1745 m, and 1950 m asl. Observation parameters included species names, number of individuals, and diameter at breast height (dbh). Data were analyzed to determine the floristic composition, species structure based on their diameter class, relative basal area, diversity indices, and analysis of the importance of the main components of trees species through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A total of 32 tree species from 23 families was found in the observation plots which was dominated by Fagaceae, Lauraceae, and Myrtaceae families. Some pioneer plants covered the gap in vegetation due to minor disturbance and residual damage in the past. Nonetheless, the dominance of stands with small diameters indicated good regeneration status following such disturbance. Based on these findings, we recommend protecting the vegetation in Mt. Tilu NR by limiting community activities that can disturb the forest.

Structure of mixed pine and hardwood stands 12 years after various methods and intensities of site preparation in the Georgia Piedmont

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1490-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy B. Harrington ◽  
M. Boyd Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Georgia Piedmont ◽  
Compensatory Effect

In the Georgia Piedmont (U.S.A.), size, abundance, and species diversity of trees were quantified in a plantation of Pinustaeda L. 12 years after various methods and intensities of site preparation. In clear-cut only versus site-prepared plots, greater hardwood abundance (27% vs. 8% of the total basal area) and size (8.6 vs. 7.4 m in height) were associated with reduced pine volume (73 vs. 123 m3/ha) and increased Simpson and Shannon diversity indices. Tree-species richness was greater in plots where residual trees from clear-cutting had been removed with a chainsaw versus large machinery (10 vs. 7 species). With increasing site-preparation intensity, reductions in basal area of volunteer pines coincided with proportionate increases (R2 = 0.80) in basal area of planted pines. As a result of this compensatory effect, total volume of all pines varied little (122–134 m3/ha) among site-preparation intensities. Research results suggest that site-preparation treatments can be selected to facilitate the development of a variety of stand structures, including those that favor evenness (clear-cut only) or richness (manual cutting) of tree species, low-cost production of pine fiber (manual cutting), and stand uniformity for management of pine sawtimber (mechanical and herbicide).

scholarly journals Effects of Forest Fire on the Regeneration Potentials of Tree Species in Olokemeji Forest Reserve, Ogun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-926
Author(s):  
A.J. Oloketuyi ◽  
O.T. Adeoye ◽  
O.A. Aina-Oduntan ◽  
I.E. Odiaka ◽  
O.S. Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Ogun State

Effects of forest fire on the regeneration potential of trees at Olokemeji Forest Reserve was established in this study. The Olokemeji fire experimental plot was selected at the reserve. The site was divided into three plots; late fire treatment was applied to Plot A, Early fire treatment was also applied to Plot B and no fire treatment at plot C (Control plot). The diameter at breast height (dbh) and tree height (m) of the tree species in the plots were assessed prior and post fire treatment. The regeneration potential of the selected plots after burning were assessed through the occurrence of saplings and seedlings obtained. The highest basal area (m2) were found in plot C followed by plot B and Plot C with mean value of 0.64, 0.55 and 0.30 m2 respectively. The number of stems per plot ranged from 25 to 67. The regeneration potentials of the three plots were found to be noteworthy. Early and late year fire regime adopted had both positive and negative effect on the regeneration potentials of tree species. This study has established the effect and relevance of fire on forest and wildlife management. It’s therefore recommended in this study that Prescribed or controlled burning should be encouraged as appropriate sivilcultural management tool for stimulating basal area growth, natural regeneration, production of tree species seedlings and saplings.

scholarly journals Forest Tree Composition: A Comparative Study of Timber Species in Bayelsa State Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Samuel Olatokunbo Ihinmikaiye ◽  
Bernard Edache Ochekwu ◽  
Josiah Muonam Ikuli ◽  
Doris Akinjagunla Atinuke ◽  
Abel Zikenal Keresinbofa
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Sample Plot ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Timber Tree

Measuring tree species diversity is critical for forest management, particularly where timber species suffer undue anthropogenic pressure. This study was carried out in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A sample plot was systematically chosen from randomly selected communities in each of the three senatorial districts Bayelsa West (BW), Bayelsa East (BE) and Bayelsa Central (BC) of the State. Each sample plots measured 25 m x 25 m and all timber tree species that were at least six feet above ground level within each sample plot were identified, counted and measured. Fifty individual timbers were encountered in the sample plot at Ogobiri community in BW, fifty-two at Kolo 1 community in BE and fifty-six at Gbarain community in BC belonged to 18, 16 and 14 different families respectively. Families with the largest number of species in the plots were Gentianaceae and Meliaceae, and the highest diversity indices were recorded from BE senatorial district. Generally, the basal area of the sample plots increases with an increase in diameter at breast height. The forested zones were on flat terrain characterized by seasonal flood inundation, and the similarities of timber species in the plots occurred as (BW-BC)> (BW-BE)> (BC-BE). Also, four tree species Coelocaryon preussii, Sacoglottis gabonensis, Milicia excelsa and Triplochiton scleroxylon were identified as rare species, and management options that would ensure ad infinitum supply of timber species were proposed.

STUDIES IN MONODOMINANT FORESTS IN EASTERN MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL: I. A FOREST OF BROSIMUM RUBESCENS TAUB

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. MARIMON ◽  
J. M. FELFILI ◽  
M. HARIDASAN
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Amazonian Forests

The occurrence of a monodominant tropical forest dominated by the tree species Brosimum rubescens Taub. (Moraceae) in the transition zone between the cerrado region and the Amazonian rain forests along the Araguaia valley in the state of Mato Grosso in Brazil is reported. A 6000m2 (40×150m) area located in the central portion of a forest (14°50′47″S, 52°08′37″W) on the Eldorado Farm in Nova Xavantina was sampled to determine the structure, phytosociology and soil properties. A total of 44 tree species was found in the forest, with a Shannon diversity index (H′) of 2.37 and the Pielou evenness index (J′) of 0.63. These values were similar to those reported by other workers in an Amazonian monodominant forest dominated by Peltogyne gracilipes. Average tree density equal or greater than (≥) 5cm dbh was 1066ha−1 and basal area 37.46m2 ha−1. Dead standing individuals represented 7.03% of the total density and lianas 8.12%. The main families were Moraceae, Rubiaceae, Burseraceae, Hippocrateaceae and Leguminosae–Caesalpinioideae. The species with the highest importance value indices were B. rubescens (124.55), Amaioua intermedia var. brasiliana (32.97), Cheiloclinium cognatum (22.41), Tetragastris balsamifera (19.58) and Protium pilosissimum (16.64). Brosimum rubescens alone accounted for 85.5% of the individuals ≥30cm dbh, 80.35% of those ≥20cm dbh, 57.33% of those ≥10cm dbh, and 35.85% of those ≥5cm dbh. The forest was composed of upper, middle and lower storeys. Diameter distribution was unbalanced for the community and for the main species, suggesting that establishment has been episodic. The surface soil was acid, with high exchangeable Al levels and low fertility, as is the case for most cerrados and Amazonian forests. The availability of K was in the range of adequacy, as compared with most native soils. However, concentrations of available Mg in the soil was higher than that of available Ca, with Mg/Ca ratios above three, unlike most cerrados and Amazonian forests, but similar to the soils of many monodominant tropical forests reported in the literature. Soils were characterized by high concentrations of available Fe. Besides the high Mg/Ca ratios, a high proportion of K as compared with the bivalent cations Ca and Mg, and toxicities of Fe and Mn due to strong acidity could be factors influencing the occurrence of species in this forest.

scholarly journals The Riparian Tree Species Composition and Diversity of the Midstream of Halda River in Chittagong, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Md. Humayain Kabir ◽  
Hillol Barua
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Area And Volume

Riparian vegetation has been depleting in the many river basins of Bangladesh. Consequently, this study assessed the tree species composition, structure and diversity of the midstream area of the Halda River in Bangladesh. Twenty two quadrats (20 × 20m in size) were sampled. A total of 414 individual tree stems of ≥10 cm DBH of 36 tree species belonging to 31 genera and 15 families were enumerated. Density, Basal area and volume of the tree species were measured. Different diversity indices, i.e. Shannon-Wienners Diversity Index, Simpson's Dominance Index, Pielou’s Species Evenness Index, Margalef's and Menhinick’s richness index were calculated. Fabaceae was the most represented family with nine species, followed by Moraceae, Meliaceae and Anacardiaceae. Density, basal area and volume of the trees were 470.45 stem/ha, 19.09m²/ha and 139.42m³/ha, respectively. Samanea saman was found to be dominant, showing a maximum IVI, followed by v, Mangifer aindica, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Artocarpus heterophyllus. The findings of the study will be helpful for the posterior researchers in their research work and their future tree based planning programs and conservation. So it is recommended that greater emphasis should be taken to proper management and conservation against over extraction and illegal felling for the maintenance of existing tree species composition and density.

scholarly journals Composition, distribution and diversity of tree species under different management systems in the hill forests of Bharse Village, Gulmi District, Western Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Chinta Mani Gautam ◽  
Teiji Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Distribution Composition ◽  
The Hill

Species composition, distribution and diversity of tree species were compared in three forest stands in the Bharse area, Gulmi District, Nepal. These forests have distinct management systems and are used for different purposes: Raiker (RK) for controlled-cutting, Raniban (RB) for cattle grazing, and Thaple (TL) for both cutting and cattle grazing. The total density of trees in RK was higher (2640 ha-1) than that in RB (2533 ha-1) and TL (1875 ha-1). However, the largest basal area (105 m2ha-1) was found in RB while RK and TL were calculated at 72 m2ha-1 and 58 m2ha-1, respectively. The distribution of species showed clump behavior in the grazing forests whereas mixed (clump and regular) distribution occurred in the controlled-cutting forest. Trees with small diameter size were more in the controlled-cutting forest (RK) than the forests used for grazing and/or cutting (RB and TL). Species richness was highest in forest opened for cattle grazing. However, values of tree species diversity and evenness were higher in the controlled-cutting forest than in the forests with grazing and/ or cutting. One might conclude that controlled cutting is more effective than grazing and/or cutting in conserving the diversity of tree species. Key words: Trees, distribution, composition, diversity, management system, hill forest, Nepal Himalayan Journal of Sciences 3(5) 2005 p.67-74

scholarly journals Species diversity, population structure, and regeneration status of trees in Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary, Nagaland, Northeast India

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aosanen Ao ◽  
Sapu Changkija ◽  
S. K. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Regeneration Status

Abstract. Ao A, Changkija S, Tripathi SK. 2020. Species diversity, population structure, and regeneration status of trees in Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary, Nagaland, Northeast India. Biodiversitas 21: 2777-2785. The plant species composition and diversity represent the overall health of the forest ecosystems and provide useful insight on forest conservation, and the species regeneration is important in assessing the potential of the forests to serve the society on sustained basis. This present study aimed to assess the species diversity, population structure, and regeneration status of the trees in temperate forest of Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary, Nagaland, Northeast India. Tree species composition, population structure and regeneration status were analyzed by randomly establishing eight plots of 0.1 ha within the sanctuary. Density, basal area, abundance, evenness, and other diversity indices were calculated for mature trees with girth at breast height (GBH) ≥ 30 cm. A total of 60 tree species belonging to 40 genera and 27 families were recorded. The most dominant families recorded were Lauraceae and Rosaceae. The total tree density recorded from the forest was 432.5 individuals ha-1 with a basal area 42.8 m2 ha-1. Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Lithocarpus pachyphyllus had the highest density with 17.58 individuals ha-1 and Lithocarpus pachyphyllus had the highest basal area with 2.64 m2 ha-1. The species with the highest IVI was Betula alnoides (17.13). Girth class of 30-60 cm had the highest density and basal area with 280 individuals ha-1 and 20.7 m2 ha-1. The diversity indices such as Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, Pielou evenness index, and Margalef species richness index were 3.90, 0.93, 0.92, and 11.59, respectively in the wildlife sanctuary. The present study showed that 41% of tree species exhibited good regeneration status, 31% as fair regeneration, 8% as poor regeneration and 20% had no regeneration. The present data will be useful to understand the current status of tree species and will serve as baseline information to the forest department, policymakers and conservationists to develop management plans for the conservation of priority species in the area.

scholarly journals Successional age and forest structure in a Costa Rican upper montane Quercus forest

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 681-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Kappelle ◽  
Thorwald Geuze ◽  
Miguel E. Leal ◽  
Antoine M. Cleef
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Canopy Height ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Neotropical Forests ◽  
Structural Recovery

ABSTRACTChanges in structure of a Costa Rican upper montane Quercus forest were studied in twelve 0.1 ha plots along a chronosequence including 8- to 20-year-old Early Secondary Forest (ESF), 25- to 32-year-old Late Secondary Forest (LSF) and mature Primary Forest (PF). In 1.2 ha 2854 stems ≥ 3.0 cm dbh belonging to 42 tree species were recorded. Tree species richness per 0.1 ha ranged from 15 to 30. Diversity indices did not change significantly during succession. Stem density did not differ significantly among successional phases, while basal area was significantly higher in PF than in ESF and LSF. Maximum canopy height and basal area increased linearly during the first three decades of recovery. Height and dbh showed a significant, logarithmic regression for all forest phases. A period of 84 y was estimated as the theoretically minimum time needed for structural recovery. The maximum canopy height and basal area recovered two to five times slower in upper montane than in lower montane or lowland Neotropical forests.

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