Impact of Nitellopsis obtusa (Desv.) J. Groves, a regionally alien and invasive charophyte, on macrophyte diversity in the species native range

This study aimed to determine the relationships between the abundance of Nitellopsis obtusa, a controversial charophyte, locally red-listed in its native Eurasian range but invasive in North America, and the species diversity of macrophyte stands dominated by N. obtusa. Three lakes of different morphology, productivity and catchment were surveyed in the species native range. In each lake, the species composition and cover of three N. obtusa-dominated stands were determined monthly from spring to autumn and illustrated by the Shannon–Wiener diversity index. Water chemistry supplemented vegetation study. The species diversity turned out to be lake-specific and declined with the increasing share of N. obtusa, which developed mass occurrence in less mineralised and less fertile waters, leaving no space and limiting light and nutrient availability for large and branchy macrophytes. We postulate that this mechanism makes N. obtusa a superior competitor in less fertile waters and seems common to both native and invaded territories, as is the pool of macrophyte species most frequently co-occurring with N. obtusa.

Flora and fauna diversity in Selangkau forest: A basis for developing management plan of cement industrial complex in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Aminatun T, Suwasono RA, Putri RA. 2021. Flora and fauna diversity in Selangkau forest: A basis for developing management plan of cement industrial complex in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4555-4565. The management of natural resources for economic development often clashes with environmental protection. That is the case in East Kutai District, East Kalimantan, Indonesia which is faced with competing interests between the development of the cement industry and biodiversity conservation. This study is aimed to identify the diversity of flora and fauna in a forest ecosystem to be developed as a cement industrial complex in the Selangkau Village, Kaliorang Sub-district, East Kutai District, and to provide recommendations for environmental management plans as part of the conservation efforts. A vegetation survey using purposive sampling was performed at four vegetation stages: seedlings, saplings, poles and trees. Analysis was done to examine the diversity, dominance, evenness, richness and importance value indices. The fauna study was conducted by the exploration method to collect data on mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles. The vegetation study recorded 29 species including Buchanania arborescens Blume which had the highest importance value in all growth stages. One species of tree (Shorea glauca) found in this area is also classified as endangered species with high conservation importance. The fauna study found 42 species of birds, 7 of which are protected, 14 species of mammals, 5 of which are protected and 11 species of amphibians and reptiles. Efforts to save the protected species are necessary in response to the new cement factory construction plan in the study area, for example by reclamation and revegetation using the native plants recorded in this study and by transferring animal species into a new habitat that resembles the initial one.

Flora and vegetation features of the stow «Chalk slopes to the Proval river» (Ulyanovsk Region)

The paper contains the vegetation study results of the valuable botanical object Chalk slopes to the Proval river. The stow is located in the vicinities of the village Beketovka (Veshkaymsky District of Ulyanovsk Region) and is proposed for inclusion in the regional network of protected areas. The data of floral and phytocenotic studies are presented. The flora of the stow Chalk slopes to the Proval river contains 287 species of vascular plants including 8 species listed in Red data book of the Russian Federation: Hedysarum gmelinii , Iris aphylla , Koeleria sclerophylla , Matthiola fragrans , Pinus cretacea [ P. sylvestris var. cretacea ], Stipa pennata , S. pulcherrima , Thymus dubjanskyi [ Th. cimicinus auct. p. max. p.]. The regional rare and requiring protection plants are Adonanthe vernalis , Anemone sylvestris , Asperula exasperata , Aster alpinus , Betula krylovii , Bupleurum falcatum , Carex pediformis , Centaurea ruthenica , Crepis pannonica , Delphinium cuneatum , Galatella linosyris , Galium hexanarium , Gentiana cruciata , Gentianella amarella , Helianthemum canum , H. nummularium , Helictotrichon desertorum , Herminium monorchis , Jurinea ledebourii , Linum flavum , L. uralense , Onosma simplisissima s. str., O. volgensis , Otites baschkirorum , Parnassia palustris , Polygala cretacea , P. sibirica , Pulsatilla patens , Scabiosa isetensis , Schoenus ferrugineus . Calcephitic florocoenotic complex of the stow Chalk slopes to the Proval river (Ulyanovsk Region) is characterized by a mosaic of vegetation. Here, in a relatively small area, meadow, petrophytic and grass-mixed steppes, forest edges communities are presented. The floristic composition of these communities is peculiar and characterized by the presence of a large number of rare species including relict and endemic elements. In addition, in the central part of the Volga Upland, only a small amount of erosion-chalk landscapes with a high degree of preservation is known. The studied stow is recommended for inclusion in the system of protected areas of the Ulyanovsk Region.

Dry Ruderal Habitats and Plant communities of the Uohod Mountain region of Madinah, Saudi Arabia: البيئات الجافة والعشائر النباتية المستحدثة في منطقة جبل أحد بالمدينة المنورة، المملكة العربية السعودية

Vegetation Study of research area included three different dry environments in Mount Uhud at Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Environments located in North Area, Valley Bridge, and East Area Environment. The study results revealed that vegetation study composed of 85 vegetation type affiliated with 78 kind belong to 30 species. There are eight types of annual plants and 4 types of perennials. Annual the plants from vegetation study of research area were 58 %, dwarf shrubs were 25%, shrubby plants were 12%, and perennials were 5%. and 1% of the shrubby plant. Eleven plant populations in research area is determined and merged as well as collected in five main groups and count the dominant species in each population In order to reach the new environments and clans which is VG (I): Acacia hamuosa- Ochradenusbaccatus: VG (II):Acacia tortilis-Trichodesma Africana VG (III): Tribulusmacropterus - Tetrina simplex- Aervajuvanca VG (IV): Atriplexsuberecta-Amaranthusgraecizans. VG (V): Lepidiumaucheri – Trigonellahamosa.

Technogenic Ecological Sequences in Tailing Pond from Căpușu Mare, Built between 1975-1981

In Romania, all actions related to mining management are found in “Strategy of the mining industry for 2012-2035”. Today, numerous tailing ponds have remained outside rehabilitation operations, and they are becoming more natural, as is the case of the tailing pond in Capusu Mare. The vegetation study was conducted in 2015, at the tailing pond III in Căpușu Mare that was operational between 1975-1981. The following phytopopulation and phytocenotic indices were calculated: presence, frequency, class of presence, abundance-dominance and average abundance-dominance (ADm) of species. Floral studies show the presence of 40 plant species. The wood species with the highest mean dominant abundance are Hippophäe rhamnoides (14.78%) and Salix alba (10.55%), and of herbaceous species stands Phragmites communis with 7.49%. After 34 years from the heap closure, the degree of vegetation coverage is 77%. Wood species occupy about 32% of the heap surface.

EVALUATION OF MICROWAVE VEGETTION INDEX (MVI) IN MULTI-FREQUENCY AND MULTI-ANGLE

Microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum are effective for observations of vegetation not only to leaf but also woody parts of vegetation. Specifically, microwave emissivity varies strongly with surface roughness, polarization, look–angle and water content. Microwave Vegetation Index (MVI) is one of the microwave indexes that are based on zero-order model. The zero order models applicable when the scattering contribution with in the vegetation is negligible. In this paper MVI in different frequencies (Base on WCOM project) and different angles (Base on SMOS data) are calculated by Matrix Doubling model to take in to account multi-scattering effects within the vegetation. Then because MVI is depends on vegetation information we tried to analysis its behaviour in different densities of corn canopy by comparing to vegetation optical depth. The result shows linear relationship with height correlation between MVI and effective optical depth. So it can be a useful index in vegetation study for future satellite mission as WCOM.

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS POHON DI KAWASAN CAGAR ALAM DUNGUS IWUL, JASINGA, BOGOR

Dungus Iwul Nature Reserve is one of the remaining conservation areas in Java and has an unique vegetation. Study on tree biodiversity was carried out in one hectare permanent plot. The results showed that there were 78 species of 35 families and 63 genera with 1219 trees per hectare. The species of Orania sylvicola was very dominating the region, with high distribution (Frequency = 100%) and the total basal area (basal area relative; BA = 50.96%). Species of O. sylvicola (Important Value; IV = 129.48%) highly covered the area, followed by Mischocarpus sundaicus (IV = 19.93%), Diospyros frutescens (IV = 9.67%), Ficus variegata (IV = 9.38%) and Knema laurina (IV = 8.51%). Family with largest number of species was Euphorbiaceae (11 species), followed by Lauraceae (7 species) and 4 species of Fabaceae, Meliaceae and Rubiaceae.