scholarly journals GENERAL BEHAVIOR AND VEGETATION ASSOCIATED WITH THE HABITATS OF ASSAMESE MONKEY (Macaca assamensis McClelland, 1840) ALONG KALIGANDAKI RIVER BANK, WESTERN NEPAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-119
Author(s):  
Pavan Kumar Paudel ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Chalise
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
River Bank ◽  
General Behavior ◽  
Assamese Macaques ◽  
Dominant Plant Species ◽  
Macaca Assamensis

This study was focused on Macaca assamensis general behavior and vegetation associated with their habitats in Kaligandaki River Basin at Baglung and Parbat Districts of Nepal. The field survey was conducted from December, 2015 to May, 2016 to explore the Assamese Macaque general behavior and vegetation associated with their habitats. Total area of 104.70 km2 was surveyed, vegetation analysis was done by random quadrates sampling method and behavioral data were collected by scan sampling method. A total of 47 individuals of Assamese Macaques (Macaca assamensis) were counted in four different troops. Total of 2240 scan samples were recorded from the four different troops during this study period the scan samples revealed that foraging was 47%, moving 28%, resting 14% and grooming 11%. In the context of daily activity pattern for aging time of Assamese monkey was found to be highest 54% in 15:00 to 18:00 observational phase and lowest 40% in the observational phase of 12.00 to 15.00 hours. Moving time of the Assamese monkey was found to be highest 33% in 12.00 to 15.00 observational phase and lowest 22% at 15:00 to 18:00 observational phase, resting time of Assamese monkey was found to be highest 15% in 09:00 to 12:00 hours and lowest 13% in 15:00 to 18:00 observational phase and Assamese monkey were seen mostly grooming 13% in 12.00 to 15.00 hours and lowest 10% in 15:00 to 18:00 observational phase. By quadrate sampling, 58 plant species with 716 number were recorded. Sal (Sorea robusta) was the dominant plant species with relative density 31.42% and relative frequency 8.376% which was followed by Tiju (Diospyros malabarica)with relative density 10.93% and relative frequency 8.376%.Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVolume 22, Issue 1, July 2017, page: 110-119

scholarly journals Conflict due to Assamese Macaques (Macaca assamensis McClelland 1840) and crop protection strategies in Kali-gandaki River Basin, Western Nepal

Our Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavan Kumar Paudel
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Assamese Macaques ◽  
Macaca Assamensis ◽  
Protection Strategies

This study was conducted on conflict due to Assamese Macaques (Macaca assamensis McClelland 1840) and crop protection strategies in Kaligandaki river basin, Baglung and Parbat Districts, Western Nepal. Field survey was conducted from 25 October to 22 December, 2015. Questionnaire survey was carried out to estimate the crop protection strategies and crop damaged by the macaque with the local inhabitants in the Kaligandaki River Basin VDCs. Stratified random sampling method was used to select respondent for the questionnaire survey. Out of 654 river basin households, 92 respondents were selected as sample size from the study area. Maize was the highest raided crop 46.95% followed by 15.91% paddy, 15.11% potato, 10.84% millet, 6.88% wheat, 2.05% pulses, 1.59% fruits and 0.66% vegetables. The most commenly used crop protection strategy in guarding  their field were by constant vigilance 50%, 25% of field owners use “Scarecrows” 20% used dogs, 5% farmers used tin-box and catapult to chase the macaques from the crop fields.  This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. 

scholarly journals Diet of the Assamese macaque Macaca assamensis in limestone habitats of Nonggang, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihai Zhou ◽  
Hua Wei ◽  
Zhonghao Huang ◽  
Chengming Huang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Bamboo Species ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Fruit Availability ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Assamese Macaques ◽  
Macaca Assamensis ◽  
Young Leaves

Abstract To enhance our understanding of dietary adaptations in macaques we studied the diet of the Assamese macaque Macaca assamensis in limestone seasonal rain forests at Nonggang Nature Reserve, China from September 2005 to August 2006. Our results show that although macaques fed on many plant species, 85.2% of the diet came from only 12 species, of which a bamboo species, Indocalamus calcicolus contributed to 62% of the diet. Young leaves were staple food items (74.1% of the diet) for Assamese macaques at Nonggang, and constituted the bulk of monthly diets almost year-round, ranging from 44.9% (July) to 92.9% (May). Young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves contributed to a large proportion of the young leaf diet in most months. Fruit accounted for only 17.4% of the diet, with a peak of consumption in July. We suggest that this highly folivorous diet may be related to the long lean season of fruit availability in limestone habitats as well as the utilization of cliffs of low fruit availability.

scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal and Ecological Studies of some Weeds in Sugarcane Fields of Villupuram District

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 197-208
Author(s):  
S. Dhanam
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Sugarcane Crop

The present communication pertains to ethnobotany of major weeds of sugarcane fields in Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu. Present study was conducted in ten selected sites of Villupuram district in the sugarcane crop fields. Random quadrate method was adopted for studying phytosociological attributes of weeds. A total of 80 plant species belonging to 25 families were identified, out of which 46 plant species are medicinally important to cure different diseases in human beings directly. Amaranthaceae and Euphorbiaceae was the dominant family seen during observation. Frequency, Relative frequency, Density and Relative density of the species were calculated.

scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal Aspects of some Weeds from Paddy Fields of Villupuram District in Tamil Nadu, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dhanam ◽  
B. Elayaraj
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plant ◽  
Important Value Index

The present investigation has been carried out to enumerate the ethnomedicinal plant growing in the paddy field of Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu. Ten selected sites in the Villupuram district was taken for investigation. Random quadrate method was adapted for studying the phytosociological attributes of the weeds. A total of 145 plant species belonging to 22 families were identified, out of which 39 plant species are medicinally important to cure different diseases in human beings directly. Amaranthaceae and Euphorbiaceae was the dominant family seen during observation. Frequency, Relative frequency, Density, Relative density, Abundance, Relative abundance and Important Value Index (IVI) of the species were calculated.

scholarly journals Composition and Pattern of Vegetation Distribution at the Tree Level in the Forest Area of Sorong Nature Tourism Park

Agrologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponisri Ponisri ◽  
Fajrianto Saeni ◽  
Lona H. Nanlohy
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Relative Dominance ◽  
Important Value Index

 This study aims to determine the species composition, frequency, density, dominance, important value index (INP) and the distribution of tree species. The method used in this research is the Line Transect Plot Method. The total area of the sample plots is 1 ha (10.000 m2) with a total of 25 sample plots, which are placed purposively at the study site. Observational data were analyzed according to the parameters and described qualitatively and quantitatively and presented in the form of tabulations and pictures. The composition of vegetation types in the Sorong Nature Tourism Park forest contains 50 plant species, namely 30 known families and 3 plant species not yet traded, scientific and family names. The number of tree levels is 36 species with the largest density value (K) for resak (Vatica papuana) and guava (Syzygium, sp ) which is 29.81/ha with a Relative Density (KR) of 15.897% with the smallest density value (K). 0.962/ha, and the value of relative density (KR) was 0.5128%, respectively. The largest frequency (F) value is found in guava with a value of 0.731, relative frequency (FR) of 13.19%, and the lowest value of frequency (F) is 0.038 %, the smallest relative frequency (FR) is 0.694%. With the largest dominance value (C) in resak plants of 2,561 and relative dominance of 15.95%, while the lowest dominance was 0.033 and relative dominance was 0.208%. Where the highest Importance Value Index (INP) is on the guava tree at 43.117 and the lowest Important Value Index (INP) is in the Trichadenia tree, sp 1.3964. The distribution pattern at the tree level is based on the morista index, which is spread in groups or in clusters.Keywords: Composition, Vegetation, Nature Park

Integrative personality assessment in wild Assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis).

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Ebenau ◽  
Christoph von Borell ◽  
Lars Penke ◽  
Julia Ostner ◽  
Oliver Schülke
Keyword(s):  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Assamese Macaques ◽  
Macaca Assamensis

PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF NORMAL SEASON AND OFF-SEASON MUSKMELON CULTIVATION IN DISTRICT SIALKOT, PAKISTAN

1970 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD TAHIR LATIF, FALAK SHER, MUZZAMMIL HUSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Customer Demand ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Gross Income

A field survey was conducted during 2016 to estimate the profitability of normal season and off-season muskmelon cultivation in district Sialkot, Pakistan. The primary data was collected from forty farmers with convenience sampling method. Economic parameters like net return and BCR were employed. Off-season muskmelon cultivation was found economically feasible due to additions of yield (17%), gross income (122%), profit (161%) and market price (90%) in comparison to normal season crop. Therefore, it is recommended to cultivate the off-season muskmelon (BCR 3.26) to obtain more profit and fulfill the customer demand in less supply period instead of normal season cultivation (BCR 2.44).

scholarly journals Photosynthetic parameters of a sedge-grass marsh as a big-leaf: effect of plant species composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markéta Mejdová ◽  
Jiří Dušek ◽  
Lenka Foltýnová ◽  
Lenka Macálková ◽  
Hana Čížková
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Dominant Plant Species ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Rate Of Photosynthesis ◽  
Carex Acuta ◽  
Leaf P

AbstractThe study estimates the parameters of the photosynthesis–irradiance relationship (PN/I) of a sedge-grass marsh (Czech Republic, Europe), represented as an active “green” surface—a hypothetical “big-leaf”. Photosynthetic parameters of the “big-leaf” are based on in situ measurements of the leaf PN/I curves of the dominant plant species. The non-rectangular hyperbola was selected as the best model for fitting the PN/I relationships. The plant species had different parameters of this relationship. The highest light-saturated rate of photosynthesis (Asat) was recorded for Glyceria maxima and Acorus calamus followed by Carex acuta and Phalaris arundinacea. The lowest Asat was recorded for Calamagrostis canescens. The parameters of the PN/I relationship were calculated also for different growth periods. The highest Asat was calculated for the spring period followed by the summer and autumn periods. The effect of the species composition of the local plant community on the photosynthetic parameters of the “big-leaf” was addressed by introducing both real (recorded) and hypothetical species compositions corresponding to “wet” and “dry” hydrological conditions. We can conclude that the species composition (or diversity) is essential for reaching a high Asat of the “big-leaf ”representing the sedge-grass marsh in different growth periods.

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