scholarly journals Lamotrigine Induced Severe Cutaneous Reaction

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
YB Roka ◽  
N Roka ◽  
HB Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Hypersensitivity Syndrome ◽  
Cutaneous Reaction ◽  
First Case ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Severe Cutaneous Reaction

Antiepileptic drugs are used commonly by physicians, neurologist and neurosurgeons in Nepal. Lamotrigine is an effective antiepileptic drug used as an add-on and monotherapy for a variety of seizure types in both adults and children. Rashes due to AED including SJS and hypersensitivity syndrome leading to hospitalization occur in approximately 0.33% of adults and 0.8% in children. Reactions due to LTG alone occur in around 5.7% of cases. We report probably the first case of this reaction in a 12-year old girl with a brief discussion on its etiology and management. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2012;32(2):172-174 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v32i2.5608

scholarly journals First, do no harm: the risks of overtreating children with epilepsy

2007 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Chuang ◽  
Marilisa M. Guerreiro ◽  
Sara Y. Tsuchie ◽  
Angelica Santucci ◽  
Carlos A. M. Guerreiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Seizure Frequency ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Do No Harm ◽  
A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: Although overtreatment with antiepileptic drugs contributes to the morbidity associated with epilepsy, many children still are overtreated. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if the withdrawal of at least one antiepileptic drug (AED) in children with refractory epilepsy using polytherapy enable a better seizure control. METHOD: This was a prospective study. Children with refractory epilepsy using at least two AEDs were included. Once the patient, or guardian, agreed to participate in the study, one or more AED were slowly tapered off. The remaining AEDs dosages could be adjusted as needed, but a new AED could not be introduced. RESULTS: Fifteen patients were evaluated, three girls; ages ranging from 3 to 18 (mean=8.7 years). After at least one AED withdrawal, two (13.5%) patients became seizure free, seizures improved >50% in 5 (33.5%) patients, did not change in 5 (33.5%), and seizure frequency became worse in 3 (20%). Adverse events improved in 12 patients (80%). CONCLUSION: The withdrawal of at least one AED is a valuable option in the treatment of selected children with refractory epilepsy.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic interactions and dosing rationale for antiepileptic drugs in adults and children

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven C. van Dijkman ◽  
Willem M. Rauwé ◽  
Meindert Danhof ◽  
Oscar Della Pasqua
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Interactions ◽  
Adults And Children

scholarly journals Comparison laboratory data between children with Kawasaki Disease and COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Liu ◽  
Ying-Hsien Huang ◽  
Yuh-Chyn Tsai ◽  
Shih-Feng Liu ◽  
Ho-Chang Kuo
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
First Case ◽  
Neutrophil Percentage ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been an emerging, rapidly evolving situation in China since late 2019 and has even become a worldwide pandemic. The first case of severe childhood novel coronavirus pneumonia in China was reported in March 2020 in Wuhan. The severity differs between adults and children, with lower death rates and decreased severity for individuals under the age of 20 years old. Increased cases of Kawasaki disease (KD) have been reported from New York City and some areas of Italy and the U.K., with almost a 6-10 times increase when compared with previous years. We conducted this article to compare characters and laboratory data between KD and COVID-19 in children. Methods: We obtained a total of 24 COVID-19 children from the literature review and 234 KD cases from our hospital via retrospective chart review. Results: We found that patients with KD had higher levels of white blood cell (WBC), platelet, neutrophil percentage, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), and body temperature, while patients with COVID-19 had higher age, hemoglobin levels, and lymphocyte percentage. After performing multiple logistic regression analysis, we found that age, WBC, platelet, procalcitonin, and AST provide identical markers for distinguishing COVID-19 from KD in children. Conclusion: In this COVID-19 pandemic period, clinicians should pay attention to children with COVID-19 infection when high WBC, platelet, procalcitonin, and AST values are present in order to provide precision treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for KD or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

Valproic Acid: A Different View

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-331
Author(s):  
J. Kiffin Penry
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Published Data ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics

The Committee on Drugs of the American Academy of Pediatrics has prepared a statement on the benefits and risks of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid; this statement appears in this issue of Pediatrics (70:316, 1982). This report is extensive and objective in its review of published data on valproic acid, and is of great value to practicing pediatricians for that reason. However, the review fails to place vaiproic acid in perspective with other marketed antiepileptic drugs, which in many instances have equally serious side effects.

Dosing Errors in the Use of Antiepileptic Drug Suspensions

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 329-329
Author(s):  
Bonnie L. Bunch ◽  
Steven P. Shelov
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Chewable Tablet ◽  
Inactive Carrier ◽  
Gastrostomy Tubes

Liquid forms of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may be syrups or elixirs (in which the AED is in solution in water or alcohol, respectively) or suspensions. Suspensions consist of finely divided medication dispersed in an inactive carrier. The following are common reasons for the use of liquid forms of AEDs: 1) ease of measurement of doses that do not correspond to available tablet or capsule form; 2) ease of administration to children or adults who are unable to swallow or chew capsule, tablet, or chewable tablet forms of the drug; and 3) for persons who must receive all enteral medications through nasogastric or gastrostomy tubes.

Plasma homocysteine and aminothiol levels in idiopathic epilepsy patients receiving antiepileptic drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-666
Author(s):  
Dilber Çoban Ramazan ◽  
Ülker Anadol ◽  
A. Destina Yalçın ◽  
A. Süha Yalçın
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Epileptic Patients

Abstract Objective Homocysteine is a sulfur containing amino acid that is formed during methionine metabolism. Patients under long-term antiepileptic drug treatment often have hyperhomocysteinemia. These patients have low levels of serum folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6, all of which are associated with homocysteine metabolism. We have investigated the effects of valproic acid and new generation antiepileptic drugs (lamotrigine and levetiracetam) on plasma levels of homocysteine and aminothiols as well as serum vitamin B12 and folic acid. Materials and methods Forty-seven idiopathic epileptic patients on antiepileptic drugs were compared with 38 age-matched healthy controls. Commercial immunoassay methods were used for vitamin B12 and folic acid analyses. Homocysteine, cysteine, cysteinylglycine and glutathione levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results There was no significant difference in patient and control values in terms of vitamin B12, folic acid and homocysteine. Valproic acid and lamotrigine seemed to effect aminothiol redox status. Glutathione levels of epileptic patients receiving valproic acid and lamotrigine were higher than controls. Conclusion Our results suggest that redox homeostasis may be impaired and glutathione synthesis increased in response to the oxidative stress caused by antiepileptic drug use.

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