Randomized Control Trial of Kangaroo Mother Care in Low Birth Weight Babies at a Tertiary Level Hospital

Introduction: This study was conducted to compare the effect of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) and conventional methods of care on weight gain, occurrence of hypothermia and apnea and duration of hospital stay among Low Birth Weight (LBW) babies. Materials and Methods: It was a randomized control trial conducted at a tertiary level hospital for a period of one year from June 2009 to May 2010. Total 126 stable LBW babies weighing less than 2000 gm and fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in the study. Neonates enrolled for the study were allocated to either KMC or control group using random number table. KMC group was subjected to Kangaroo mother care of at least six hours per day in not more than four sittings. In control group, babies were adequately clothed, covered and kept with their mother and if required were kept under radiant warmer. Recording of temperature in KMC group was done before, during and after KMC. In control group temperature was taken every 4 hours. Weighing of baby was done twice daily on electronic weighing scale. Results: Median daily weight gain (IQR) was 10 (6- 20) gm in KMC group as compared to 7 (0-10) gm in control group (p<0.001). Mean weight gain was 12.11±9.04 gm in KMC group as compared to 3.29±15.81 gm in control group (p<0.001). Incidence of hypothermia was more in control group (12.6%) as compared to KMC group (3.1%) (p=0.048). Duration of hospital stay was less in control group as compared to KMC group (p=0.015). Conclusion: LBW babies less than 2000 gm who receive KMC show better weight gain and have less incidence of hypothermia than those who do not receive KMC. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i1.8960 J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(1):18-23

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A Randomized Controlled Trial of Intermittent Kangaroo Mother Care versus Conventional Care in Increasing the Rate of Weight Gain among Low-Birth-Weight Neonates

Acta Medica Philippina ◽

10.47895/amp.v55i9.3757 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Fay S. De Ocampo ◽

Ma. Esterlita Villanueva-Uy

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Kangaroo Mother Care ◽

Conventional Care ◽

Chest Circumference ◽

Care Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Skin Contact

Objective. To determine the effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) in increasing the rate of weight gain and decreasing hypothermia, apnea, and sepsis rate, and shorten hospital stay among low-birth-weight infants. Methods. Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (≤1500 grams) were randomized to either the KMC or conventional care group. KMC provided skin-to-skin contact at least 6 hours per day while the conventional group received the usual care in the newborn intensive care unit (NICU). Daily weight measurements and weekly measurements of length, head, and chest circumference were recorded until discharge. Occurrence of hypothermia, apnea, sepsis, and length of stay was noted. Results. KMC group had a higher mean weight gain per day (p=0.0102). There was no difference in the length, head, and chest circumference between the two groups. Sepsis and apnea rates were not significant between the two groups. Significantly more neonates experience hypothermia in the control group (p<0.0069). Conclusion. KMC is effective in increasing the weight per day compared with the control group. KMC protects the neonates against hypothermia. There is not enough evidence to show a difference in the incidence of sepsis, apnea, and the length of hospital stay between the two groups.

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Effect of Continuous versus Intermittent Kangaroo Mother Care on Weight Gain and Duration of Hospital Stay among Low-Birth-Weight Admitted at a Level II NICU: A Randomized Control Trial

Acta Medica Philippina ◽

10.47895/amp.v55i9.4111 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Janelle Margaux M. Logronio ◽

Maria Esterlita T. Villanueva-Uy ◽

Socorro De Leon-Mendoza

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Improve Patient Care ◽

Kangaroo Mother Care ◽

Average Weight ◽

Exact Test ◽

Duration Of Hospital Stay

Background. The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admission at the Philippine General Hospital (PGH) exceeds total bed capacity. Decreasing admissions to the NICU would prevent overcrowding of patients, improve patient care, reduce hospital stay, and reduce predisposition to hospital-acquired infections. Objective. To determine the effect of continuous versus intermittent Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) on weight gain and duration of hospital stay among low birth weight (LBW) neonates weighing 1,800 - 2,220 grams. Methods. Forty-six (46) stable LBW were randomized to either continuous (≥12 hours in the maternity ward) or intermittent (≤6 hours in the NICU step-down unit) KMC groups. Daily weight and weekly length, head and chest circumference until discharge, and duration of hospital stay were measured. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test and Fisher's exact test. Results. Infants in continuous KMC had an average weight gain of 50 grams/day (p=0.509) and had an average duration of hospital stay of 3 days (p=0.218). Results were not statistically different from intermittent KMC. Conclusion. There was no evidence to show that weight gain and duration of hospital stay among infants in continuous KMC were significantly different from those in the intermittent KMC group.

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A STUDY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF KANGAROO MOTHER CARE IN LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS .

10.36106/ijar/4600116 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Navaney Hiru ◽

Yogesh goel ◽

Rasbihari Rasbihari

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Kangaroo Mother Care ◽

Control Group ◽

Kangaroo Care ◽

Randomized Control ◽

And Control

INTRODUCTION :-Kangaroo mother care is a evidence based cost effective approach and avert up to 4.5lk preterm .(1,2) death each year .if near universal coverage is achieve investment in KMC has benets beyond survival including healthy growth and long term development. Edgar Rey and Hectare Martinez develop kangaroo mother care in Colombia as a substitute for incubator in the low birth weight infant . KMC is dene as early prolong and continuous skin to skin contact between the mother and the low birth 5 weight infant both in hospital and after discharge with exclusive breast feeding and proper follow up. Published nding from different countries demonstrated KMC promote stable heart rate R.R and oxygen saturation and thermal regulation in infants 6-13. The present OBJECTIVE :- study was conducted to study through a randomized control trial the effect of KMC on breastfeeding, weight gain and length of hospitalizations 2. of very low birth weight neonates and To access the acceptability of KMC by nurses and mother . METHODS :-Babies whose birth weight was less than 1500 Grams were included in the study once they were stable. The effect of Kangaroo Mother Care on breast feeding rates, weight gain and length of hospitalization of very low birth weight neonates was studied through a randomized control trial in 56 neonates. The Kangaroo group (n = 28) was subjected to Kangaroo Mother Care of at least 4 hours per day in not more than 3 sittings. The babies received Kangaroo Care after shifting out from NICU and at home. The control group (n = 28) received only standard care (incubator or open care system). Attitude of mothers and nurses towards KMC was assessed on Day 3 +/- 1 and on day 7 +/- 1 after starting Kangaroo Care in a questionnaire using Likert's scale. The results of the clinical trial reveal that the neonates RESULTS:- in the KMC group demonstrated better weight gain after the rst week of life (15.9 +/- 4.5 gm/day vs. 10.6 +/- 4.5 gm/day in the KMC group and control group respectively p < 0.05) and earlier hospital discharge (27.2 +/- 7 vs. 34.6 +/- 7 days in KMC and control group respectively, p < 0.05). The number of mothers exclusively breastfeeding their babies at 6 week follow-up was double in the KMC group than in the control group (12/14 vs. 6/14) (p < 0.05)

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Effects of Intermittent Kangaroo Mother Care on Low-Birth-Weight Neonates: A Retrospective Before-and-After Study

Acta Medica Philippina ◽

10.47895/amp.v55i9.3769 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Jannie Lyne C. Notarte-Palisbo ◽

Cindy D. Canceko-Llego

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Length Of Hospital Stay ◽

Kangaroo Mother Care ◽

Equal Distribution ◽

Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After

Objective. To compare outcomes of low-birth-weight neonates delivered before and after implementation of intermittent kangaroo mother care (KMC) in terms of duration of hospital stay, mortality rate, and clinical outcome. Methods. This is a retrospective analytical study that included all neonates delivered in a tertiary government hospital with birth weight of less than 2000 grams before and after intermittent KMC implementation from January 2015 to December 2016. Chart review was done for demographics, mortality profile, and length of hospital stay. Chi-square test and Student’s t-test were used to compare mortality rate and length of hospital stay, and odds ratio was used for mortality outcome. Results. A total of 677 low birth weight newborns were reviewed and of these, 276 (79.8%) neonates in group 1 (Pre-intermittent KMC implementation), and 263 (79.4%) neonates in group 2 (Post-intermittent KMC implementation) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The duration of hospital stay of neonates enrolled in KMC was significantly shorter (p ≤ 0.05). In Groups 1 and 2, 93–94% of neonates were discharged improved with a 5–6% mortality of almost equal distribution. There was no significant difference in mortality between groups 1 and 2 (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.59, 2.42). Conclusion. There was no significant difference in mortality rate and cause of death pre- and post-intermittent KMC implementation. However, the length of hospital stay among the LBW neonates discharged improved was significantly shortened.

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Probiotic Supplementation and Its Effect on Weight and Feed tolerance in Preterm Low Birth Weight Newborns: A Clinical Trial

Bangladesh Journal of Child Health ◽

10.3329/bjch.v39i2.31538 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 82-87

Author(s):

Sadeka Choudhury Moni ◽

MA Mannan ◽

Sanjoy Kumer Dey ◽

Arjun Chandra Dey ◽

Debashish Saha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Control Group ◽

Probiotic Supplementation ◽

Expressed Breast Milk

Background: Establishment of full enteral feed is a major challenge in the care of preterm low birth weight (LBW) neonates. Probiotics are live microbial supplements that colonize preterm bowel with favourable flora, improve tolerance to feed and promotes growth of these premies.Objective: To determine the effect of probiotic supplementation on feed tolerance, postnatal weight gain, duration of hospital stay in preterm low birth weight babies.Methods : This prospective clinical trial was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, (BSMMU) from February, 2012 to November, 2012. A total of 65 preterm, low birth weight ( LBW) newborns were included in this study. A multistrain probiotic suspension was given once daily to the infants in probiotic group along with expressed breast milk (EBM) through the nasogastric tube/ dropper from the first day of feed which was continued till attainment of full feed. Those in controls received only expressed breast milk. Weight, feed volume increment, features of intolerance were followed up daily. Relevant investigations were done whenever indicated.Results: The mean time to reach full enteral feed in probiotic and control group was 13.71±3.4 vs 16.53±6.13; p<0.05. But weight gain was not affected by supplementation. Hospital stay was shorter in supplemented group.Conclusion: Probiotic supplementation in preterm low birth weight babies improves feed tolerance and decreases hospital stay but does not affect weight gain.Bangladesh J Child Health 2015; VOL 39 (2) :82-87

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Difference in mean weight gain and hospital stay in preterm babies receiving complete or partial kangaroo mother care compared to no kangaroo mother care: Experience from a tertiary care hospital

Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University ◽

10.37018/qymd3680 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 152-155

Author(s):

Muhammad Asif Siddiqui ◽

Tayyaba Khawar Butt ◽

Muhammad Azhar Farooq ◽

Muhammad Tauseef Omer ◽

Farhan Zahoor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Kangaroo Mother Care ◽

P Value ◽

Average Weight ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽

Preterm Babies ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Background: Pakistan is a resource limited country with one of the highest neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in the world. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) helps in reducing the mortality and improving the care of preterm babies. The objective of this study was to identify the benefits of KMC in hospitalized newborns in terms of better weight gain and early discharge from hospital. Subjects and methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in the Neonatal Department of Services Hospital from 01.02.2019 to 31.01.2020. A total of 144 case notes, who met inclusion criteria were included. Subjects were divided in 2 Groups of 77 each. Group 1 did not receive KMC and Group 2 received KMC (partial or complete). Admission weight, gestational age at birth, duration of hospital stay and the average weight gain was noted for subjects in both groups. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze data. Independent samples t-test was applied. A p-value of ˂0.05 is taken as significant. Results: Mean weight gain in Group 1 was 5.521 g/kg/day (±6.664), whereas in Group 2 was 15.635 g/kg/day (±9.268). Mean hospital stay in Group 1 was 12.558 days (±10.856) and in Group 2 it was 8.208 days (±6.473). Weight gain and duration of hospital stay was significantly better in KMC Group with a p-value ˂0.05. This benefit was observed both for partial and complete KMC. Conclusion: KMC (partial or complete) leads to better weight gain and reduces the duration of hospital stay.

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Effect of Kangaroo Mother Care plus Touch Therapy versus Kangaroo Mother Care Alone on the Low-Birth-Weight Infant’s Growth and Physiologic Responses: Randomized Controlled Trial

Acta Medica Philippina ◽

10.47895/amp.v55i9.3778 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Rocamia F. Rasalan-Fermin ◽

Lourdes Imperial ◽

Fay S. De Ocampo

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Kangaroo Mother Care ◽

Touch Therapy ◽

Physiologic Parameters ◽

Therapy Sessions ◽

Physiologic Responses

Background. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) has facilitated infant growth and decreased morbidities and hospital stay. Adding touch therapy (TT) may potentiate the KMC benefits. Objective. To compare the effectiveness of KMC+TT versus KMC alone in improving anthropometric and physiologic parameters and decreasing morbidities and hospital stay in low birth weight (LBW) infants. Methods. Stable LBW infants (<2000 g) admitted in the KMC ward were randomized to either intervention (KMC+TT) or control (KMC only) group. The KMC+TT group underwent thrice daily touch therapy sessions until discharge. Results. A total of 50 infants were included in the study. Baseline characteristics between the two groups were comparable. There was a significant increase in weight gain (grams/kg/day) in the KMC+TT group compared to KMC only. Physiologic parameters like heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature were significantly better in the KMC+TT group. More infants in the KMC only group were transferred to NICU care, while more KMC+TT infants went home against advice. Hospital stay was similar between the two groups. Conclusion. Touch therapy added to KMC is more effective than KMC alone in improving weight gain and physiologic parameters. It is associated with lower morbidities, although it did not affect the hospital stay.

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HUMAN BREAST MILK FORTIFICATION WITH SKIMMED MILK AND OLIVE OIL FOR WEIGHT GAIN IN VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT NEONATES

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v71i3.4282 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 1080-84

Author(s):

Arouj Waqqas ◽

Zeeshan Ahmed ◽

Huma Farrukh ◽

Hina Khalid ◽

Talal Waqar

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Olive Oil ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Control Group ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Skimmed Milk

Objective: To observe the effect of fortification of expressed human breast milk with olive oil and skimmed milk in improving weight gain in very low birth weight neonates and shortening their length of hospital stay. Study Design: A comparative prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from Mar 2018 to Mar 2019. Methodology: Neonates admitted with very low birth weight and gestational age of <34 weeks were included in study. Sixty babies were enrolled using non-probability consecutive sampling; random number table used to allocate them into a fortifycation group and a control group. The control group received expressed milk alone, while olive oil oneml twice daily and skimmed milk one gram in every third feed were added to expressed milk in the fortification group. Results: The study comprised of 60 neonates, with 30 in each of the groups. Weight gain was 24.83 ± 5.63 in the fortification group and 11.72 ± 3.95 in the control group (p≤0.001). Mean hospital stay was 20.57  16.511 in the fortification group and 27.67 ± 8.89 in the control group (p≤0.043). Conclusion: Olive oil and skimmed milk fortification of breast milk was effective for weight gain and reducing length of hospital stay in very low birth weight neonates.

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Effect of zinc therapy in remission of pediatric nephrotic syndrome

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20174726 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 2036

Author(s):

Dinesh Kumar ◽

Priyanka Arya ◽

Indra Kumar Sharma ◽

Mukesh Vir Singh

Keyword(s):

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Steroid Therapy ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Total Duration ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽

Randomized Control

Background: Zinc has been used in diarrhea since long but their efficacy in nephrotic syndrome still requires evidences. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of Zinc in nephrotic syndrome among the children in rural population.Methods: Randomized control trial. We included 60 children of age group 6 months - 15 years diagnosed as nephrotic syndrome and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. All children were given standard steroid therapy for duration depending on initial or relapse cases while intervention arm (n=30) were given zinc syrup at the dose 10 mg for less than 1 year and 20 mg for more than 1 year for 14 days apart from standard steroid therapy. Duration of remission in both the groups was measured as primary outcome while secondary outcome was duration of hospital stay in both control and study group.Results: Mean number of days taken in remission in study group was 11.8±3.96 days and in control group 18.3±5.14 days (p <0.001). Total duration of study in hospital in study group was 13.07±4.86 days and in control group was 20.50±7.06 days (p <0.001).Conclusions: Zinc significantly reduced the duration of hospital stay and remission in children suffering from nephrotic syndrome.

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