scholarly journals Pre-incisional epidural magnesium provides pre-emptive and postoperative analgesia in lower abdominal surgeries: a comparative study

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninadini Shrestha ◽  
Renu Gurung ◽  
Moda Nath Marhatta
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Anesthetic Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Comparable Group

Background: Magnesium sulphate has been used successfully as a non opioid analgesic adjuvant for postoperative pain management. This prospective controlled study was designed to evaluate the pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of adding magnesium to epidural analgesia in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries.Methodology: In a randomized, double- blind study sixty patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were assigned to three groups. Pre-magnesium (Group PI), post-magnesium (Group PO) and control (Group C) group. Anesthetic technique was standardized. Patients in pre-magnesium group received bolus of magnesium 50 mg via epidural before induction of anaesthesia followed by boluses of 10 mg h-1 until end of surgery. Post-magnesium group patients received epidural saline during the same time periods plus bolus epidural magnesium 50 mg at the end of surgery. Patients in control group received epidural saline during all three periods. Patients in the magnesium groups received bolus epidural analgesia with Fentanyl 8mcg, Bupivacaine 0.1%, and Magnesium 8mg in a volume of 8 ml after operation, when patient complained of pain and VAS score was more than 4. Patients in the control group received epidural analgesia with Fentanyl 8 mcg and Bupivacaine 0.1% in a volume of 8ml. Blood Pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate, time to the first request for analgesic, visual analogue scale at rest, 24 hour, opioids consumption and side effect profiles were studied for 24 hours postoperatively.Results: The demographic parameters were comparable. Group PI had significantly lower VAS scores at all times 0,2,4,6,10,14,18 and 24 hours than those in the Group PO or Group C(P<0.05). The groups were similar with respect to haemodynamic, respiratory variables and side effects.Conclusion: Epidural Magnesium sulphate provided preemptive analgesia, and an a analgesic-sparing effect that improved postoperative analgesia without increasing the incidence of side-effects.Journal of Society of Anesthesiologists 2014 1(1): 22-28

scholarly journals The Influence of Adrenaline on Postoperative Analgesia after Subarachnoid Morphine

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Paech
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Gynaecological Surgery ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
To Receive

A randomised, double-blind study was conducted to investigate the postoperative effects of subarachnoid morphine, with or without adrenaline, after major gynaecological surgery. Seventy-five women having spinal anaesthesia combined with either sedation or general anaesthesia were randomised to receive subarachnoid morphine 0.25 mg with (group MA) or without (group M) adrenaline 200 ūg; or normal saline (group C). Groups M (n=22) and MA (n=25) differed significantly from control (n=23) with respect to the quality and duration of postoperative analgesia (P<0.0002) and to a higher incidence of pruritus (P<0.02). Groups were similar with respect to the incidence of other postoperative side-effects and respiratory data, although the latter showed a trend to less hypoxaemia in the control group. There was no significant difference in any outcome between groups MA and M. It was concluded that, under the study conditions in a post-gynaecological surgery population, the addition of adrenaline to subarachnoid morphine was of no benefit.

scholarly journals Short-Term effect of COX-2 selective inhibitor as an adjunct for the treatment of periodontal disease: a clinical double-blind study in humans

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia de Noronha Pinho ◽  
Leonardo Bíscaro Pereira ◽  
Sérgio Luís Scombatti de Souza ◽  
Daniela Bazan Palioto ◽  
Márcio Fernando de Moraes Grisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drug ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
Cox 2

Adjunctive therapeutic strategies that modulate the inflammatory mediators can play a significant role in periodontal therapy. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 60 subjects diagnosed as periodontitis patients were evaluated for 28 days after periodontal treatment combined with selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. The experimental group received scaling and root planning (SRP) combined with the Loxoprofen antiinflammatory drug (SRP+Loxoprofen). The control group received SRP combined with placebo (SRP+placebo). Plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were monitored with an electronic probe at baseline and after 14 and 28 days. Both groups displayed clinical improvement in PD, PI and BOP. They also showed statistically similar values (p>0.05) of PD reduction on day 14 (0.4 mm) and on day 28 (0.6 mm). At the baseline, few deeper sites (>7 mm) from SRP+Loxoprofen group were responsible and most PD reduction was observed after 14 days (p<0.05). The percentage of remaining deep pockets (>7 mm) after 14 days in the SRP+Loxoprofen group was significantly lower (p<0.05) than in the SRP+placebo group. Loxoprofen presents potential effect as an adjunct of periodontal disease treatment, but long-term clinical trials are necessary to confirm its efficacy.

scholarly journals Selective neuromodulation induced by alpha-based neurofeedback learning: A double-blind randomized study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny Grosselin ◽  
Audrey Breton ◽  
Lydia Yahia-Cherif ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Giuseppe Spinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Alpha Activity ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
List Type ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Wearable Eeg

AbstractBackgroundThe neuromodulation induced by neurofeedback training (NFT) remains a matter of debate. Investigating the modulation of brain activity specifically associated with NF requires controlling for multiple factors, such as reward, performance, congruency between task and targeted brain activity. This can be achieved using sham feedback (FB) control condition, equating all aspects of the experiment but the closed-loop between brain activity and FB.ObjectiveWe aimed at investigating the modulation of individual alpha EEG activity induced by NFT in a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled study.MethodsForty-eight healthy participants were assigned to either NF (n=25) or control (n=23) group and performed 12 NFT sessions of alpha upregulation with a wearable EEG device. Participants of the NF group received FB based on their individual alpha activity. The control group received the auditory FB of participants of the NF group.ResultsAn increase of alpha activity across training sessions was observed in the NF group only (p<0.001). This neuromodulation was selective in that it was not observed for theta (4-8Hz) and low beta (13-18Hz) activities. It was associated with an increased feeling of control (p<0.001), more marked for NF than control group. Anxiety level decreased and relaxation feeling increased with training in both groups.ConclusionsNFT across multiple sessions can induce specific brain modulation, suggesting a neuroplasticity selective of the targeted brain activity. Our results pave the way to self-learnt, NF-based neuromodulation with light-weighted, wearable EEG systems for various applications (e.g. epilepsy, sleep, attention).HighlightsRandomized double-blind study of neuromodulation induced by EEG-neurofeedback (NF)Sham feedback (FB) was used for the control groupTargeted alpha activity increased selectively over the 12 NF training sessionsThis neuromodulation was observed only in the real NF training groupThe feeling of control across sessions increased more for real than sham FB group

scholarly journals Postoperative Ileus after Stimulation with Probiotics before Ileostomy Closure

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 626
Author(s):  
Ángela Rodríguez-Padilla ◽  
Germán Morales-Martín ◽  
Rocío Pérez-Quintero ◽  
Juan Gómez-Salgado ◽  
Rafael Balongo-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Postoperative Ileus ◽  
Loop Ileostomy ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
Ileostomy Closure ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Surgery ◽  
Stimulation Of

Loop ileostomy closure after colorectal surgery is often associated with Postoperative ileus, with an incidence between 13–20%. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of preoperative stimulation of the efferent loop with probiotics prior to ileostomy closure in patients operated on for colorectal carcinoma. For this, a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study is designed. All patients who underwent surgery for colorectal carcinoma with loop ileostomy were included. Randomized and divided into two groups, 34 cases and 35 controls were included in the study. Postoperative ileus, the need for nasogastric tube insertion, the time required to begin tolerating a diet, restoration of bowel function, and duration of hospital stay were evaluated. The incidence of Postoperative ileus was similar in both groups, 9/34 patients stimulated with probiotics and 10/35 in the control group (CG) with a p = 0.192. The comparative analysis showed a direct relationship between Postoperative ileus after oncological surgery and Postoperative ileus after reconstruction surgery, independently of stimulation. Postoperative ileus after closure ileostomy is independent of stimulation of the ileostomy with probiotics through the efferent loop. There seem to be a relationship between Postoperative ileus after reconstruction and the previous existence of Postoperative ileus after colorectal cancer surgery.

Bilateral mandibular block improves pain relief and morphine consumption in mandibular osteotomies: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-327
Author(s):  
Marina Bertuit ◽  
Francesca Rapido ◽  
Habib Ly ◽  
Charlotte Vannucci ◽  
Jérôme Ridolfo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Sensory Innervation ◽  
Morphine Consumption ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Block Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

BackgroundThe sensory innervation of the lower jaw mainly depends on the third root of the trigeminal nerve, the mandibular nerve (V3). The aim of this single-center, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the effectiveness of bilateral V3 block for postoperative analgesia management in mandibular osteotomies.Methods107 patients undergoing mandibular surgery (75 scheduled osteotomies and 32 mandible fractures) were randomized in two groups. A bilateral V3 block was performed in each group, either with ropivacaine 0.75% (block group, n=50) or with a placebo (placebo group, n=57). A postoperative multimodal analgesia was equally provided to both groups. The primary outcome was the cumulative morphine consumption at 24 hours. Secondary outcomes were the occurrence of severe pain and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in the first 24 hours. Data were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis.ResultsThe cumulative morphine consumption at 24 hours was significantly lower in the block group (median 8.0 mg (IQR 2.0–21.3) vs 12.0 mg (IQR 8.0–22.0), p=0.03), as well as the incidence of severe pain during the 24 hours of follow-up (4.0% vs 22.8%, p<0.01). The mandibular block had no impact on the incidence of PONV.ConclusionBilateral V3 block for mandibular osteotomies is an effective opioid-sparing procedure. It provided better postoperative analgesia in the first 24 hours, and it did not affect PONV incidence.Trial registration numberNCT02618993.

A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjunct to Epidural Analgesia After Thoracic Surgery

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 630-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Staffan Wahlander ◽  
Robert J. Frumento ◽  
Gebhard Wagener ◽  
Beatrice Saldana-Ferretti ◽  
Rajeev R. Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Thoracic Surgery ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind

CHRONIC ASTHMA IN CHILDHOOD: DOUBLE-BLIND CONTROLLED STUDY OF TREATMENT WITH GAMMA-GLOBULIN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 980-993
Author(s):  
Rosalind S. Abernathy ◽  
Edward L. Strem ◽  
Robert A. Good
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Asthma ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Chemical Determination ◽  
Complete Blood Counts

To evaluate the effect of injections of gamma-globulin upon the course of asthma, observations were made with 22 asthmatic children ranging in age from 1½ to 5½ years. They had suffered from asthma from 1 to 13 years and were selected as subjects because they had not made satisfactory improvement under allergic management over an average of 2.4 years. They were placed in two groups by random assignment, one of which received injections of gamma-globulin. Without knowledge of the treatment being given, one author examined each child at the time of each injection and one month after the last injection. Roentgenograms, vital capacity, complete blood counts and chemical determination of the blood proteins were performed at the initial and final visits. Fifteen of the twenty-two patients improved clinically, eight in the treatment group and seven in the control group. No significant differences between the groups were noted in the amount of asthma, physical growth, hemoglobin value or eosinophilia. The concentration of gamma-globulin in the serum increased in the treated patients. Nevertheless, there was no difference in the incidence of infection in the two groups and in both it was equal to that in a normal population. This double-blind controlled study offers no evidence to support the view that treatment with gamma-globulin has a beneficial effect on the course of chronic asthma in children.

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