Orbital Teratoma: A rare congenital tumour

Background: Orbital teratomas are congenital, unilateral germ cell tumors, which are present at birth with moderate to massive proptosis. The rare tumour has to be managed individually and is at times difficult. Case: A female child in her 2nd day of life was brought to our department with complains of forward bulging of the left eye which was noticed since the time of her birth. Observation: Examination and investigations revealed a mass with scattered foci of calcification. The mass was causing expansion of left orbit with thinning and scalloping of bony boundaries of left orbit with no intracranial component. The scan suggests the diagnosis of orbital teratoma which was further confirmed by histopathological examination. Conclusion: The rare tumour presents a challenge in management. The aim of management depends upon the extent of tumour, preservation of vision whenever possible, promotion of normal orbital growth and cosmesis.

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Retrospective study of tumor and tumor like conditions of ovary from a rural hospital in Kerala

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20173074 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 3275 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Valson ◽

Satish Arakeri ◽

Dally Maria Davis ◽

Divya S.

Keyword(s):

Germ Cell ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Ovarian Tumors ◽

Ovarian Cysts ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Emergency Setting ◽

Reproductive Life ◽

Mucinous Cyst

Background: Ovarian tumor and tumor like conditions are seen in women from early childhood to post-menopausal age. The ovaries are a pair of female sex glands responsible for the germ cell maturation, storage and release; cyclically. It also plays an important role in steroidogenesis. The ovaries are a totipotential structure and hence, neoplasms from all 3 germinal layers can be seen arising from it and manifesting clinically as ovarian tumors and tumor like conditions with its occurrence more during the late reproductive life. Ovarian tumors represent about 30% of all cancers of the female genital system. They manifesting in a wide spectrum of clinical, morphological and histological features.Methods: This is retrospective observational study where analysis of all cases which were encountered surgically during the period Mar 2012 to Mar 2017. The cases diagnosed as ovarian tumors were subjected to thorough investigation by CA125, ultrasound (USG) abdomen and pelvis and Computerised Tomography (CT) scan. Emergency presentations with twisted cysts were operated in emergency setting and histopathological examination (HPE) done to identify the nature of tumor. IHC was done wherever necessary to sub classify and confirm the histological diagnosis. Surgeries were done either by conventional laparotomy or by laparoscopy.Results: We have analyzed 175 cases retrospectively after histopathological diagnosis. The commonest lesions were ovarian cysts, out of which 63 cases (36%) were simple serous cyst adenomas followed by mucinous cyst adenomas 30 cases (17.14%). Germ cell tumors with struma ovarii were 34 cases (19.42%). The interesting part of the study was that we had a very high incidence of large endometriomas diagnosed as ovarian cysts before surgery 16 cases (9.4%). Two cases (1.14%) of ovarian malignancy were detected.Conclusions: The above study has revealed a spectrum of ovarian tumors over a wide age range from adolescent to late reproductive to menopausal and late menopausal age group. The incidence of malignancy was (1.14%).

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Management Comprehensive Multidisciplinary of Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors and Feto - Maternal Outcome: A Case Series Report and Literature Review

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2019.251 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 1174-1179 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lany Christina Prajawati Ni Luh ◽

I Nyoman Bayu Mahendra ◽

Ketut Suwiyoga ◽

ING Budiana ◽

IGP Mayun Mayura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Germ Cell ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Good Condition ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Case Series ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Team Approach ◽

First Case

BACKGROUND: Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors (MOGCT) most commonly occur in young women in the reproductive age group. Timely antenatal diagnosis and treatment of the tumour to enhance maternal and perinatal outcomes are the main challenges confronting the obstetrician and the gyne-oncologist. CASE PRESENTATION: Here we present three cases of pregnancy complicated with MOGCTs. The first case (immature teratoma) was complicated by maternal psychological symptoms consistent with stress and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of premature ovarian failure (POF). The second case (dysgerminoma) preterm labour occurred as an obstetric complication, but the baby was born in good condition without IUGR. The third case (yolk sac tumour) treated with docetaxel (brexel)-carboplatin chemotherapy administration there was no maternal or fetal complication. At the end of the pregnancy and delivery, complete surgical staging and cytoreduction were performed, and no metastases were found. CONCLUSION: Optimal management strategies centre on a multi-disciplinary comprehensive team approach is critical resulting in better outcomes for the mother and the baby by avoiding complications.

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Ovarian teratomas: clinicopathological study at tertiary care center

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193558 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 3318

Author(s):

Sunil Vitthalrao Jagtap ◽

Nitin S. Kshirsagar ◽

Shubham S. Jagtap ◽

Saswati Boral ◽

Nitesh Nasre

Keyword(s):

Germ Cell ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Mature Teratoma ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Cystic Teratoma ◽

Ovarian Teratoma ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Palpable Mass ◽

Ovarian Teratomas

Background: Teratomas are belonging to a group of germ cell tumors. It is also referred to as dermoid cyst. Teratomas are most common germ cell tumor of the ovary. Teratomas are composed of various histological types. In this article we are presenting various morphological patterns, its clinical manifestation and its clinical significance.Methods: This is prospective study for a period of 3 years from March 2016 to February 2019 at tertiary care hospital. It consists of total evaluation of 82 cases of ovarian lesions which were surgically excised for clinically or radiologically suspected of ovarian neoplasm.Results: A total of 82 cases of ovarian specimen were included out of which 18 cases were of ovarian teratoma. In these 17 cases were benign teratomas, 1 case of immature teratoma. All the cases of mature teratoma were predominantly of cystic type with focal solid areas. Right sided ovary was involved in44.5% cases while left sided in 55.5% cases. The tumor size ranges from 2.5 cm to 20.8 cms. The age range in this study was from 20 to 60 year. The common age observed for ovarian teratoma was in group of 31-40 years, having 6 cases. The clinically most of cases were asymptomatic or presented with unexplained abdominal pain or palpable mass. USG finding in most of cases were diffuse or partial echogenic mass lesion with cystic nature and echogenic bands.Conclusions: In our study showed mature cystic teratoma is the most common type of ovarian teratomas. The immature and monodermal types are rare. The histopathological examination plays important role in final diagnosis and patient management.

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Burned-Out Testicular Cancer: Really a Different History

Case Reports in Oncology ◽

10.1159/000480493 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 846-850 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Claudia Mosillo ◽

Simone Scagnoli ◽

Giulia Pomati ◽

Salvatore Caponnetto ◽

Maria Laura Mancini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Testicular Cancer ◽

Germ Cell ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Mature Teratoma ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Testicular Tumor ◽

Testicular Germ Cell ◽

Abdominal Lymph Node ◽

Cell Components ◽

Histological Regression

Two or more histological types characterize more than 60% of testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs). Burned-out testicular tumor refers to partial or complete histological regression of the primary testicular lesions. The most frequent GCT type involved in this kind of histological regression is choriocarcinoma, followed by embryonal carcinoma. To our knowledge, there are no cases of the burned-out phenomenon in teratoma. We report a case of a 19-year-old man presenting to our institute with a right testicular lesion, evidence of mediastinal and abdominal lymph node metastasis, and high levels of GCT serum biomarkers. After orchiectomy, the histopathological examination showed a mixed GCT: mature teratoma, immature teratoma, and histological features of testicular cancer regression (burned-out phenomenon). The patient underwent first-line chemotherapy (BEP regimen) which resulted in a complete instrumental and biochemical response after 4 cycles. Teratoma is considered a less aggressive type of GCT. In this particular case, metastatic disease seems to result from non-germ cell components which underwent early spontaneous regression.

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Surgical controversies in the management of post-chemotherapy nonretroperitoneal residual disease in metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors

South Asian Journal of Cancer ◽

10.4103/2278-330x.179702 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 05 (01) ◽

pp. 20-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Durgatosh Pandey ◽

Pankaj Kumar Garg ◽

Mukur Dipi Ray ◽

Ashutosh Mishra

Keyword(s):

Germ Cell ◽

Residual Disease ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Adjunct Treatment ◽

Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors

AbstractFollowing the advent of platinum-based chemotherapy, Surgery, excepting orchidectomy, has become an adjunct treatment in the management of metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT). Role of surgery comes into play in metastatic NSGCT when residual disease persists following standard chemotherapy. Surgical excision of all post chemotherapy residual disease at all places, whenever surgically feasible with acceptable morbidity and mortality, should be undertaken. As histopathological examination of the excised postchemotherapy residue shows only necrosis and fibrosis in significant number of patients; surgical exercise in this group of patients seems futile and unwarranted retrospectively. This issue becomes more contentious when surgeons are confronted with multiple nonretroperitoneal post chemotherapy residues. This article aims to deal with the management of postchemotherapy nonretroperitoneal residues in metastatic NSGCT.

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A Case of Childhood Ovarian Teratoma

Journal of Enam Medical College ◽

10.3329/jemc.v2i2.12846 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 94-96

Author(s):

Helal Uddin Bhuiyan ◽

Faria Afsana ◽

Sharmin Yasmin ◽

Khodeja Begum

Keyword(s):

Germ Cell ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Anterior Part ◽

Abdominal Cavity ◽

Contrast Material ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Female Child ◽

Ovarian Teratoma ◽

Pelvic Cavity ◽

Abdomen Ct

Germ cell tumors are malignant (cancerous) or nonmalignant (benign, noncancerous) tumors that are comprised mostly of germ cells, the cells that develop in the embryo and become the cells that make up the reproductive system in male and female. Most ovarian tumors are of germ cell origin. A 5-year-old female child was taken to the Paediatrics department at Tawau General Hospital (TGH), Sabah, Malaysia on 10.4.2005 with gradual distension of abdomen which had been noticed by parents for the last 2 months. As bedside ultrasonography (USG) showed mixed echogenic mass in the lower abdomen, CT scan of abdomen was requested for further delineation. CT scan of abdomen done on 18.4.2005 showed a very large (about 12 × 9 cm) mixed density mass with homogenously enhancing well defined borders in the abdomen extending from the pelvic cavity to the upper abdomen causing significant pressure effect downwards towards urinary bladder and contrast material filled guts outwards and backwards mostly occupying the anterior part of abdominal cavity. The tumor was removed surgically and diagnosed as ovarian teratoma histopathologically. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v2i2.12846 J Enam Med Col 2012; 2(2): 94-96

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Ovarian teratomas in bimodal age groups- Case report

Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research ◽

10.18231/j.ijogr.2021.086 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 416-419

Author(s):

Bharathi Rao ◽

Shweta Bhatia ◽

Pooja K Suresh ◽

Anusha S Bhatt

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Germ Cell ◽

Germ Cell Tumour ◽

Age Groups ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Cystic Teratoma ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Ovarian Teratoma ◽

Rare Tumour ◽

Ovarian Teratomas

Ovarian teratomas are the most common germ cell tumors and are classified as mature, immature and malignant.Mature cystic teratomas, also called dermoid cysts, are the most common germ cell tumour, accounting for upto 70% of benign ovarian masses in the reproductive years and 20% in postmenopausal women.Immature ovarian teratoma affects primarily younger patients and mature cystic teratomas seen in reproductive age groups. This case report provides a brief summary of the clinicopathological features of the ovarian teratomas such as, the immature teratoma which being a rare tumour was diagnosed in a 15 year old adolescent girl, managed surgically by laparotomy followed by chemotherapy, and the other case of a benign mature cystic teratoma in an elderly 52 year old postmenopausal woman, managed surgically although benign cystic teratomas are rare in the postmenopausal age group.

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Analysis of cytology of germ cell tumors with histopathological and serum tumor marker correlation: a tertiary care centre experience

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20194971 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 4084

Author(s):

Sindhu Nair P. ◽

Jayasree Kattoor ◽

Nileena Nayak ◽

Preethi T. R.

Keyword(s):

Germ Cell ◽

Tumor Markers ◽

Germ Cell Tumor ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Previous History ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Difficult Case ◽

Serum Tumor Markers ◽

Residual Neoplasm

Background: Germ cell tumors are found primarily in children and young adults usually arising from gonads and rarely from extragonadal sites like mediastinum, retroperitoneum, pineal gland and sacrococcygeal region. Involvement of lymphnodes or bodycavities (pleural/peritoneal cavity) is usually associated with metastatic disease.Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 96 cases of germ cell tumor for which a primary diagnosis of germ cell tumor was given by cytology from primary and metastatic sites. The study period is from January 1993- December 2013. Pap stained and Romanowsky stained smears and cell block sections (10cases) were studied. Serum tumor markers (LDH, BetaHCG and AFP) were correlated in all cases along with histopathology in available cases.Results: Among 96 cases 34 were diagnosed as seminoma/dysgerminoma,10 as embryonal carcinoma,9 as yolk sac tumor,6 as teratoma and 2 as mixed germ ell tumor. In 25 cases the cytology report was suggestive of germ cell tumor and in 10 cases malignant cells favouring germ cell tumor. Among the 10 cases the serum markers were high in six of the cases and the clinician after discussing with the pathologist treated them as germ cell tumors. 47 cases had histopathology and it correlated with cytology except in 14 cases which showed no residual neoplasm after chemotherapy. 15 cases expired immediately after the diagnosis or during the course of treatment 12cases were lost to follow up. Rest of the cases have completed the treatment. In our study the serum tumor markers showed a sensitivity of 92.75% and positive predictive value was 71.11%.Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of picking up the diagnosis of germ cell tumors by fine needle aspiration cytology so that patient can get an early diagnosis, effective treatment and a multidisciplinary approach is essential in diagnosing a difficult case of germ cell tumor. Previous history, radiology, clinical features and serum tumor markers all aid in the cytological diagnosis of germ cell tumor.

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