Key Security Challenges of the Third World

Unity Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 229-242
Author(s):  
Sasmita Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Third World ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The Third ◽  
Illegal Migrants ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Security Concerns ◽  
Elite Interviews ◽  
The Third World

While shaping an impression of the Third World from post-colonial, non-aligned to less developed states today, security concerns over the region, more or less, remained a status quo in a handful of international security scholars. This article explores various security challenges, including internal, regional, transnational and international of Asia, Africa and Latin American countries, the then considered Third World. Military interventions, illegal migration and narco-terrorism of Latin America; Demographic derivatives, ethnical conflicts and transnational organized crimes in Africa; Terrorism, failing states and climate security issues of Asia are considered to be key security concerns hereunder. This article aims to contribute towards building collective action for stabilizing and sustaining the world peace. It seeks to off er an alternative understanding of constantly evolving security dimensions. Some of those enshrined alternative practical approaches include confinement of military to external defense, Cartegena Declaration implementation for illegal migrants, Custom controls in drug trade, turning youth bulge to demographic dividend, inclusive participation of ethnic groups, technology enforced crime patrol, scooping out Islamism from terrorism, active participation of non-state actors in nation building and finally increased international collaboration eff orts with indigenous technical knowledge for resilient climate strategy Drawing on quantitative data from recognized platforms, elite interviews on security dialogues, reputed newspapers, e-books, and journal articles, this article confronts us with the necessity to fertilize fragile nations of the Third World against the backdrop of economic, social, political, cultural, and environmental origins.

Global News Flows

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM H. MEYER
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Third World ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Imperialism ◽  
International News ◽  
News Values ◽  
The Third ◽  
Communications Theory ◽  
World Information ◽  
The Third World

This article seeks to test certain hypotheses drawn from structural communications theory, hypotheses that tend to support the call for a New World Information Order (NWIO). Structural theorists such as Johan Galtung and NWIO advocates from the Third World have charged that developing nations are dependent upon the West for international news. News dependency, in turn, is said to lead to the adoption of Western news values and subsequent cultural imperialism in the South. Finally, news dependency is said to be neocolonial in the sense that information flows through “vertical” channels (from North to South) and within distinct spheres of communication hegemony. These claims are tested with a news flow study drawn from African and Latin American dailies. Results of the empirical tests show that the Third World is dependent on Western agencies for the bulk of its international news, and that Third World newspapers reflect the news values of Western prestige dailies. Nonaligned newswires, however, are shown to be more resistant to journalistic westernization, as their coverage is markedly different from that of the Western wire services. Finally, news flow patterns do exhibit a pronounced neoimperial character. Agencies from the United States, Great Britain, and France each hold sway over their own regional domains within the Third World.

scholarly journals “AQUI ESTÁ A OPÇÃO DO TERCEIRO MUNDO: UM FUTURO ABERTO OU A MISÉRIA ETERNA”. REFLEXÕES SOBRE A OBRA TARDIA DE MÁRIO PEDROSA / “Here is the Third World option: an open future or eternal misery”: reflections on Mário Pedrosa's late work

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (41) ◽  
pp. 331-349
Author(s):  
Luiza Mader Paladino
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Third World ◽  
American Art ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Latin American Art ◽  
Popular Art ◽  
The Third ◽  
Salvador Allende ◽  
Cultura Popular ◽  
The Third World

A filósofa Otília Arantes nomeou O ponto de vista latino-americano o corpus crítico de Mário Pedrosa produzido após o desterro chileno, durante o governo de Salvador Allende (1970-1973). Nesse conjunto de textos, observa-se a recuperação de tradições que não haviam sido capturadas pela historiografia oficial, como as práticas e os saberes oriundos da cultura popular e indígena. Essa interpretação pode ser identificada em obras como Discurso aos Tupiniquins ou Nambás e Teses para o Terceiro Mundo, nas quais o crítico se amparou em um repertório terceiro-mundista partilhado no exílio. O autor exaltou uma leitura ancorada na inversão geopolítica, a qual localizou nos países situados ao sul uma fagulha revolucionária capaz de deflagrar a almejada transformação social e econômica. Essas obras-manifesto sintetizaram praticamente todo o discurso crítico, político e museológico que Pedrosa sustentou ao voltar para o Brasil, em 1977.Palavras-chave: Exílio; Terceiro Mundo; Arte latino-americana; Mário Pedrosa; Arte popular. AbstractThe philosopher Otília Arantes named The critical corpus of Mário Pedrosa produced after the Chilean exile during the Salvador Allende government (1970-1973) from The Latin American Spot. In this set of texts, there is a recovery of traditions that had not been captured by official historiography, such as the practices and knowledge derived from popular and indigenous culture. This interpretation can be identified in works such as Speech to the Tupiniquins or Nambás and Theses for the Third World, in which the critic relied on a shared Third World repertoire in exile. The critic praised a reading anchored in the geopolitical inversion, which located in the countries located to the south a revolutionary spark capable of triggering the desired social and economic transformation. These manifesto works synthesized practically all the critical, political and museological discourse that the author sustained when he returned to Brazil in 1977.Keywords: Exile; Third world; Latin American art; Mário Pedrosa; Popular art.

Book Reviews

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-213
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Third World ◽  
Export Price ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
The Third ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Great Divergence ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The University

Kris James Mitchener of Santa Clara University and NBER reviews “Trade and Poverty: When the Third World Fell Behind” by Jeffrey G. Williamson. The EconLit Abstract of the reviewed work begins: Explores the great divergence between the third world and the postindustrial West in terms of long-standing differences in trade, commodity specialization, and poverty. Discusses when the third world fell behind; the first global century up to 1913; the biggest third world terms of trade boom ever; the economics of third world growth engines and Dutch diseases; measuring third world deindustrialization and Dutch disease; an Asian deindustrialization illustration--an Indian paradox; a Middle East deindustrialization illustration--Ottoman problems; a Latin American deindustrialization illustration--Mexican exceptionalism; whether rising third world inequality during the trade boom mattered; export price volatility--another drag on third world growth; the globalization and great divergence connection; better late than never--the spread of industrialization to the poor periphery; policy response--what they did and what they should have done; and morals of the story. Williamson is Laird Bell Professor of Economics Emeritus at Harvard University and Honorary Fellow in the Department of Economics at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Index.

THE IDEA OF LATIN AMERICAN UNITY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PERIPHERAL MIDDLE SCHOOL POETS

2019 ◽  
pp. 145-164
Author(s):  
Raul Olmo Fregoso Bailon ◽  
Gilberto, P. Lara ◽  
María Leija
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Critical Pedagogy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Third World ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Way

This research shows how a group of students from a middle school in one of the poorest and violent neighborhoods in Guadalajara, México, make poems to express how they experience and signify the idea of Latin American unity in light of non-Western, perspectives. Drawing from Latin American philosophers such as Simón Rodríguez and Ramón Xirau, the method of this study draws from poetic images to construct theoretical arguments in education to analyze the poems produced by the students as active creators of Latin American epistemology in education. The findings suggest that the students as peripheral poets can enrich the foundations of critical pedagogy for Latin American unity. Of particular interest is the way in which the students challenge the distinction between colonialism and coloniality of power. This paper aims to show how Western critical pedagogy can be enriched by taking into account thinkers on education from the “Third World.”

Chinese policy toward the Third World and the superpowers in the UN General Assembly 1971–1977: a voting analysis

1979 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trong R. Chai
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Third World ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Chinese Policy ◽  
Un General Assembly ◽  
The Third World

An analysis of 344 selected votes in the four major issue areas in the UN General Assembly from 1971 to 1977 examines the question whether China has fulfilled its promise to support the Third World and oppose the superpowers. The findings are: 1) China was much more favorable to the Third World than to the West in this period and more supportive of the developing nations than of the Communist bloc on all except colonial issues; 2) China voted with the Third World more often than with the Communist nations, even when colonial issues were included; 3) China was least friendly to the United States on the majority of issues and in all years; and 4) the Soviet Union was the most anti-China nation in the Communist world, and of the four permanent members of the Security Council, Soviet voting agreement with China was the third lowest on political and security issues in the overall period and was often the lowest on arms control and disarmament. Thus at least within the context of UN voting, China has succeeded in developing its pro-Third World and anti-superpower position, particularly on economic and security issues.

The ‘emancipation of media’: Latin American advocacy for a New International Information Order in the 1970s

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Freije
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Third World ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Latin Americans ◽  
The Third ◽  
Information Order ◽  
The Third World

AbstractThroughout the 1970s, journalists and leaders in the Global South organized around the concept of a New International Information Order (NIIO), premised upon the self-determination of news access and production. Though largely forgotten today, the NIIO constituted a key platform of the ‘Third World’ solidarity movement. Latin America was a prominent site for NIIO activism, and this article examines the regional and local meetings that frequently brought together governing officials, reporters, and academics. Focusing on the shifting expectations of exiled Latin Americans living in Mexico City, the article explores the domestic political factors that eventually attenuated enthusiasm for the NIIO. By the late 1970s, Latin American advocates argued that repressive governments could not be trusted to safeguard socially responsible information initiatives, such as regional wire services. Moreover, they underscored that national democratization was necessary before global inequities could be resolved.

Sanguine Saints: Pentecostalism in El Salvador

1983 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everett A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Third World ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mass Society ◽  
Leadership Experience ◽  
The Third World

Students of Latin American pentecostalism often have viewed it more as a symptom of emerging mass society than as a vital religious force. Studies based on development theory, especially, assume that popular movements in the Third World, such as Brazilian pentecostalism, Spiritism, and Umbanda, may promote national integration by offering marginal peoples rudimentary preparation for civic roles. Presumably the decision-making and leadership experience gained in religious participation later may be applied to community and political activities.

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