scholarly journals Preliminary investigation of the presence of PFOS and PFOA in water and sediment in Cau river

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Hoai Le Tran ◽  
◽  
Duc Thao Vu ◽  
Trung Hai Huynh ◽  
Thi Lien Hoang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Octanoic Acid ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Total Concentrations

Perfluoro-octane sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluoro-octanoic acid (PFOA) are recognised as emerging environmental pollutants because of their high persistence in various environmental matrices and toxic effects on humans and animals. The objectives of this study were to preliminarily investigate the occurrence of PFOS and PFOA in the water and sediment of the Cau river in Thai Nguyen city. The concentration of PFOS and PFOA in water ranged from <LOQ-0.67 ng/l and 0.05-8.11 ng/l; 1.19-4.73 ng/g, and 0.17-1.78 ng/g in sediment, respectively. The highest total concentrations of PFOS and PFOAwere recorded in the areas that directly received wastewater from domestic and industrial activities. The water-sediment distribution coefficient (Kd) was relatively different for PFOS and PFOA, with Kd ranged from 20.51-72.83 l/g and 1.21-20.31 l/g for PFOS and PFOA, respectively. This result suggested the distribution of PFOS and PFOA between water and sediment, in which PFOS will preferentially deposit in the sediment, and PFOA will tend to distribute in the liquid phase of the aquatic environment.

scholarly journals Contamination Of Perfluorinated Compounds In Sediment of The Cau River, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoai Tran ◽  
Dieu-Anh Van ◽  
Duc Thao Vu ◽  
Trung Hai Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Kd Values ◽  
Pfoa Concentration ◽  
Total Concentrations

Abstract Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are recognized as emerging environmental pollutants because of their high persistence in various environmental matrices and toxic effects on humans and animals. In Vietnam, PFOA and PFOS have been detected in surface water and sediment in recent studies. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the occurrence of PFOS and PFOA in the sediment of the Cau river, Thai Nguyen city to determine the partition coefficient between water and sediment, and to elucidate the environmental factors affecting the sorption of PFOS and PFOA to sediment. The concentration of PFOS and PFOA in surface sediment ranged from 1.19 ng/g to 4.73 ng/g and 0.17 ng/g to 1.78 ng/g, respectively, with the highest concentrations, are recorded in the areas that receiving wastewater from domestic and industrial activities. Depending on the depth, the total concentrations of PFOS and PFOA ranged from 8.41 to 19.25 ng/g and tended to decrease with increasing sediment depth. The concentrations in the surface sediments are lower than the second layer, indicating a downward trend in the use and consumption of these compounds in recent years. The water-sediment distribution coefficient (Kd) is relatively different for PFOS and PFOA, with log Kd values ranged from 1.31–1.86 and 0.08–1.31 for PFOS and PFOA, respectively. This study also confirms that the total organic carbon content is the physiochemical property that significantly affected the adsorption to sediments of PFOS and PFOA. No apparent relation was found between PFOS, PFOA concentration in sediment and clay content nor sediment particle size.

COPPER AND ZINC INDUCED CHANGES IN SOYBEAN (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

1970 ◽  
pp. 09
Author(s):  
K. SANKAR GANESH ◽  
P. SUNDARAMOORTHY
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Induced Changes

Heavy metals are one of the most important pollutants released to the aquatic environment by the various industrial activities. The use of these wastewater for irrigation results accumulation of heavy metals in soil and plants. So, the present investigation deals with the various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg/l) of copper and zinc on germination studies of soybean. The different concentrations of copper and zinc were used for germination studies. The seedlings were allowed to grow upto seven days. The studied morphological traits increased at 5 mg/l concentration and these parameters are gradually decreased with the increase of copper and zinc concentrations.

scholarly journals Contamination of Heavy Metals, Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Furans and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Wharf Roach Ligia spp. In Japanese Intertidal and Supratidal Zones

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1856
Author(s):  
Masato Honda ◽  
Xuchun Qiu ◽  
Suzanne Lydia Undap ◽  
Takeshi Kimura ◽  
Tsuguhide Hori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans ◽  
Environmental Indicator ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Total Concentrations

We investigated the pollution levels of 6 heavy metals and 29 dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs)) in intertidal and supratidal zones by using wharf roaches (Ligia spp.) collected from 12 sampling sites on the coast of Northeast Japan from November 2011 to June 2012. The total concentrations of heavy metals ranged from 177 to 377 µg/g-dry weight (dw), and the predominant metals were copper, zinc, and aluminum. The order of the detected level of heavy metals was zinc > aluminum > copper > cadmium > lead > chromium, and this trend was similar to a previous report. The total toxic equivalent (TEQ) value of the PCDD/Fs ranged from less than the limit of detection (<LOD) to 2.33 pg-TEQ/g-dw, and the predominant congener was octachlorodibenzodioxin (<LOD to 110 pg/g-dw). Compared with PCDD/Fs, DL-PCBs were detected at a predominantly higher level (total TEQ value: 0.64–27.79 pg-TEQ/g-dw). Detected levels of dioxins, especially DL-PCBs in the wharf roach, were like those in the bivalves. These results indicate that the wharf roach could reflect heavy metals and dioxin pollution in the supratidal zones and is a suitable environmental indicator for these environmental pollutants. This is the first study to investigate heavy metals, PCDD/Fs, and DL-PCBs pollution in coastal isopods in Japan.

scholarly journals Sediment Facilitates Microbial Degradation of the Herbicides Endothall Monoamine Salt and Endothall Dipotassium Salt in an Aquatic Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2255
Author(s):  
Md. Shahidul Islam ◽  
Trevor D. Hunt ◽  
Zhiqian Liu ◽  
Kym L. Butler ◽  
Tony M. Dugdale
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Sediment Sources ◽  
Dipotassium Salt ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Macrophytes

Endothall dipotassium salt and monoamine salt are herbicide formulations used for controlling submerged aquatic macrophytes and algae in aquatic ecosystems. Microbial activity is the primary degradation pathway for endothall. To better understand what influences endothall degradation, we conducted a mesocosm experiment to (1) evaluate the effects of different water and sediment sources on degradation, and (2) determine if degradation was faster in the presence of a microbial community previously exposed to endothall. Endothall residues were determined with LC-MS at intervals to 21 days after endothall application. Two endothall isomers were detected. Isomer-1 was abundant in both endothall formulations, while isomer-2 was only abundant in the monoamine endothall formulation and was more persistent. Degradation did not occur in the absence of sediment. In the presence of sediment, degradation of isomer-1 began after a lag phase of 5–11 days and was almost complete by 14 days. Onset of degradation occurred 2–4 days sooner when the microbial population was previously exposed to endothall. We provide direct evidence that the presence and characteristics of sediment are of key importance in the degradation of endothall in an aquatic environment, and that monoamine endothall has two separate isomers that have different degradation characteristics.

Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) study of dissociation of octanoic acid in the liquid phase

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Czarnecki ◽  
Yong L. Liu ◽  
Yukihiro Ozaki ◽  
Masao Suzuki ◽  
Masahiro Iwahashi
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Octanoic Acid ◽  
Near Infrared

Potential of Fourier Transform Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Studies of the Dissociation of Fatty Acids in the Liquid Phase

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2162-2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Antoni Czarnecki ◽  
Yongliang Liu ◽  
Yukihiro Ozaki ◽  
Masao Suzuki ◽  
Makio Iwahashi
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Octanoic Acid ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Degree Of Dissociation ◽  
Band Area ◽  
Individual Bands

Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) technique has been employed to determine the degree of dissociation and the thermodynamic parameters of octanoic acid in the liquid phase. FT-NIR absorption spectra of the acid over a temperature range of 15 to 92°C were recorded. From the spectra, intensities of the first overtone of the OH stretching mode due to the monomer form of the acid were extracted and were used to calculate the degree of dissociation and the thermodynamic parameters for the process of dissociation of dimeric octanoic acid into monomer species. In the 7400–6700 cm−1 region there appear many bands that are heavily overlapped; the attempts to apply curve-fitting and deconvolution algorithms to separate individual bands have failed. Here, a simple and reliable method of calculation of the intensities of the first overtone of the OH stretching mode due to the monomer is proposed. Also, an excellent procedure of determining the molar absorption coefficients (integrated and at peak position) through a series of measurements in CCl4 solution at very low concentrations is presented. The bands due to CH vibrations were eliminated in two ways; one way involved taking the concentration as a reference, and the other used the band area of the second overtone of the CH stretching modes as a reference. In the operation the spectrum of neat octanoic acid at 15.1°C was employed. The coefficients obtained by both methods are compared and discussed. The present studies indicate that both band areas and peak heights give results which are found to be in very good agreement.

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