Toxic substances in surface waters and sediments--A study to assess the effects of arsenic-contaminated alluvial sediment in Whitewood Creek, South Dakota

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Kuwabara ◽  
Christopher C. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Alluvial Sediment

scholarly journals An experimental test of the capacity for long-distance dispersal of freshwater diatoms adhering to waterfowl plumage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faye Manning ◽  
P. Jefferson Curtis ◽  
Ian Walker ◽  
Jason Pither
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Geographic Context ◽  
Dispersal Vectors ◽  
Dispersal Success ◽  
Aquatic Microbes ◽  
Negative Effect

Waterfowl are potential long-distance dispersal vectors for aquatic microbes such as diatoms, but experimental evidence is scarce. We conducted an experiment designed to emulate diatom dispersal via adherence to waterfowl, and to evaluate the effects of humidity and transport duration on potential dispersal success. We dipped individual mallard breast feathers in a pure benthic diatom culture (Nitzschia pusilla Grunow), then subjected them to one of four relative humidity levels (RH; from ca. 8% to 88%) crossed with one of four transport durations (10, 60, 120, 240 minutes) within a chamber through which air was passed continuously, mimicking light wind. We then placed the feather on sterile growth medium. After two weeks we used spectrofluorometry to detect diatom growth and thus diatom viability. A logistic regression on viability revealed a significant interaction between transport duration and RH: the negative effect of duration was strongest under lower RH conditions, but under high RH (88%) the probability of being viable was moderate to high regardless of transport duration. Importantly, even after 4 hours, the probability of being viable was predicted to be 0.45 (95% confidence interval: 0.18 to 0.75). We then placed our findings in the geographic context of the central waterfowl migration flyway in North America, and specifically Nebraska, South Dakota, and North Dakota, for which sufficient data were available to enable geospatial predictions of potential mallard-borne diatom dispersal. Combined with published data about (i) mallard flight speeds, (ii) the geographic distribution of surface waters and of N. pusilla, and (iii) daytime RH during the months of April through June, our model predicted high probabilities of potential dispersal among the region’s suitable water bodies.

scholarly journals State of elements of the environment in the broader area of former uranium mines in the catchment of the Trgoviski Timok

2013 ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Zoran Nikic ◽  
Ljubomir Letic ◽  
Jovan Kovacevic ◽  
Vesna Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Radioactive Elements ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Alluvial Sediment ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Partial Degradation ◽  
The Village ◽  
Existing Data ◽  
Geochemical Assessment

Mineral field ?Janja? extends over the Southwest slope of Stara Planina Mt., eastward from the village of Kalna in the belt of beech-fir forests. Exploitation of uranium used to be performed in three mines within this area, i.e. ?Mezdreja?, ?Gabrovnica?, and ?Srneci Do?, which are now closed down. One of the consequences of mining around these mines is partial degradation of natural balance. The greatest part of the terrain consists of granite, whereas metamorphic rocks are at the periphery. A geological survey with respect to the concentration of natural radioactive elements in the soil within the area of aforementioned mines has been conducted once so far. Alluvial sediment, ground and surface waters, as well as disposal were also examined. During the field study, radioactivity was measured and the methods of emanation and hydro-geochemical assessment were used, which was followed by collecting of samples for laboratory examination. The state of elements of the environment within the surveyed area is presented hereinafter on the basis of the existing data, having in mind that exploitation of uranium may disrupt natural balance in the long run.

Safety of Sludge Collectors and Settling Tanks with Harmful Industrial Effluents

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
E. Vasil'eva ◽  
V. Fedorov ◽  
E. Yakovenko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Base Surface ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Earth Embankment ◽  
Soil And Water

To reduce the risk of toxic substances ingression into the soil, ground and surface waters, it is proposed to protect the bed and slope ramps of the earth embankment for sludge collectors (sediment tanks) with reliable waterproofing – soil-concrete. It has been recommended to perform the screen soil compacted layers inclined towards the tail bay at an angle to the structure base surface, what is more, the angle value is determined by the permissible values of filtration flow’s parameters. The proposed technical solution allows increase the reliability of sludge collectors, as well as minimize the risk of an emergency situation as a result of the ingression of toxic effluents into the soil and water.

scholarly journals Micropollutant emissions from combined sewer overflows

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 2179-2190
Author(s):  
Jan Philip Nickel ◽  
Stephan Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Composite Samples

Abstract In an extensive monitoring programme, event mean concentrations of 12 heavy metals, 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), nine pesticides/biocides, three pharmaceuticals, three benzotriazoles, acesulfame, and DEHP (di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate) were measured at 10 combined sewer overflow (CSO) facilities throughout Bavaria, Germany, for more than 110 overflow events. A harmonised approach with large volume samplers was used to produce volume-proportional event composite samples. A wide range of event durations and volumes was covered successfully. All substances analysed were detected in CSO samples and the majority were quantified in more than 80% of the samples. Our results confirm that CSOs need to be considered in the debate on micropollutant emissions, and knowledge regarding their concentrations at a regional level needs to be solidified. Distinct substance-specific patterns can be observed in the variability between events and sites as well as in a correlation analysis of substance concentrations. These trends underline the need for differentiation of the substances by their predominant sources, pathways, and transport behaviours. Compared to wastewater treatment plants, CSOs are an important pollution source especially for ubiquitous, primarily stormwater-transported pollutants, including substances causing failure to achieve good chemical status of surface waters, such as the uPBT (ubiquitous, persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic) substances Hg and PAH.

scholarly journals Utilization of Industrial Effluent for Irrigation - Pros and Cons

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
S. David Noel ◽  
M.R. Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Alternative Sources

Decreasing water level and shortage of water is being a major problem worldwide. For agriculture purpose this problem gives rise to the use of alternative sources of water. Most of these water sources are affected by the discharge waste of effluent from various types of industries like mining, textiles, chemical etc. Due to reason this effluent may contains many organic toxic substances that could have hazardous impact on human health. In addition, technological development has contributed to increase other industrial dumping that contaminates surface waters. The irregular disposal of industrial effluent has created pollution problems since this effluent is disseminated in the environment or is accumulated in sediments, aquatic organisms, and water. In this paper a solution for this global issue has been addressed and strategies have been suggested for this problem.

Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan T. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Association ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

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