Sustaining Linguistic Continuity in the Beringia: Examining Language Shift and Comparing Ideas of Sustainability in Two Arctic Communities

1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Morgounova Schwalbe
Keyword(s):  
Language Ideologies ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
The United States ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Arctic Communities ◽  
The Russian Far East

In order to answer the critical question of “how (and whether) communities can sustain continued use of their languages in the future,” this article addresses the subject of linguistic “sustainability” by comparing linguistic situations in two geographically and politically divided Yupik communities with dissimilar degrees of language maintenance: the predominantly Russian-speaking village of Novoe Chaplino in the Russian Far East and the still bilingual (English-Yupik) village of Gambell on St. Lawrence Island in the United States. Addressing the question of sustainability from “within” – that is, looking at what “sustainability” looks like and how it works on the ground – the article discusses the place of language ideologies in this process, advocating for a move away from purists' conceptualisation of language to more experimental practices and “bilingual games.”

U.S.-Russian Relations and the North Korean Crisis: A Role for the Russian Far East?

Asian Survey ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Clay Moltz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
The United States ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Nuclear Program ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Far East

Because of its energy reserves and long history of economic links with North Korea, the Russian Far East could provide useful incentives needed to help convince Pyongyang to abandon its nuclear program. For this reason, the United States should begin crafting a regionally based strategy that includes Russia.

Mark Bassin, Imperial Visions: Nationalist Imagination and Geographical Expansion in the Russian Far East, 1840–1865. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999, xv, 329 pp. + maps.

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-236
Author(s):  
Willard Sunderland
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
The United States ◽  
Amur River ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
The Amur River ◽  
Geographical Expansion ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

For the Russians, Siberia has always been “Other” and, as a result, it has often been imagined as something other than what it is. As Mark Bassin argues in this richly detailed book, this habit of the Russian imaginaire was on full display during the mid-1800s when hopeful Russian observers and statesmen envisioned the Russian Empire's latest territorial acquisition—the Amur river in far eastern Siberia—as a new Mississippi and the region around it as a potential second America. Ultimately, of course, these geographical analogies proved well off the mark. The region of the Amur never went on to experience the prosperity of the United States and the Amur river never even remotely rivaled the importance of the Mississippi as an artery of trade and settlement. And what is so interesting about all this is that the Russians themselves began to have their doubts about the Amur within just a few years of annexing it. Bassin's work, in fact, concentrates on explaining this strange shift. It is a study of why the Russian vision of the Amur that began so hot ended up turning so cold so quickly and what the vision itself seems to reveal about the content of Russian national identity.

The milliped genus Underwoodia (Chordeumatida: Caseyidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowland M. Shelley
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
The United States ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Kurile Islands ◽  
Northern Utah ◽  
The Russian Far East

The milliped genus Underwoodia comprises three species that are characterized primarily by the configurations of branches a and c of the anterior gonopod colpocoxites and the degree to which the latter is segregated from process b. Underwoodia iuloides ranges across Canada from Newfoundland to Saskatchewan, extending southward in the United States to New York, Michigan, Wisconsin, North Dakota, and northeastern New Mexico. Underwoodia tida Chamberlin, whose questionable referral to this genus is confirmed, ranges from the Rocky Mountains of Alberta to the Wasatch and Oquirrh Mountains of northern Utah, and probably extends westward to the Coast Range of British Columbia and the Alaska panhandle. Underwoodia hespera Chamberlin is placed in synonymy under this species. Underwoodia kurtschevae Golovatch occurs in east Asia, being known from Sakhalin Island, the Kurile Islands, and mainland sites in the Russian Far East. The genus is thus Holarctic and demonstrates a clear trans-Beringian distribution pattern. Parthenogenesis appears to be an autapotypy, as females greatly outnumber males in all three races.

scholarly journals Public Finances And The Quality Of Life Of The Population In Regions (Considering An Example Of The Russian Far East)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
S. Kadomtseva, SV. ◽  
N. Pivkina
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Skilled Personnel ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Far East

The Object of the Study. Quality of life of the population in the Russian Far East. The Subject of the Study. Assessment of socioeconomic indicators of the quality of life in the regions of the Russian Far East.The Purpose of the Study. Analyzing the quality of life of the population on the most important components based on socioeconomic indicators of regions and comparing them with similar indicators for the Russian Far East Federal Okrug and Russia as a whole.The Basic Provisions of the Article. An important condition for improving demographic processes in the regions of the Russian Far East is the improvement of the quality of life. Prior to the leaders of the regions is the task of increasing socioeconomic indicators above the national average for the preservation of skilled personnel in the region. The birth rate and mortality rate, the level of external and internal migration, the monetary incomes of the population, the level of poverty, unemployment and inflation are analyzed. Improving transport accessibility for regions that have a huge territory and negative migration processes stimulates the consolidation of the population.

scholarly journals Gathering “Mouse Roots,” Among the Naukan and Chukchi of the Russian Far East

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Kevin Jernigan ◽  
Olga Belichenko ◽  
Valeria Kolosova ◽  
Darlene Orr ◽  
Maria Pupynina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Bering Strait ◽  
Large Role ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Cultural Setting ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Far East

The authors worked from 2014–2016, with 67 Naukan and Chukchi participants in six villages on the subject of “mouse roots,” a category of edible plants, including tubers of five species, taken from caches of Microtus voles. Only eight out of 44 Chukchi and none of the Naukan respondents said that they still actively gather these foods. However, 43 out of 44 Chukchi and 21 out of 23 Naukan participants still possess specific knowledge of the process, for example: how to find nests, proper techniques and etiquette for gathering, storage, preparation, or botanical identity of species found. This reflects the rapid cultural changes that occurred during the Soviet period, including collectivization and consolidation of the population into larger villages. The maintenance of knowledge about resources that no longer play a large role in subsistence never-the-less aids in the resilience of local people to potential economic hardship and food insecurity. This particular relationship between humans, rodents, and plants provides an opportunity to examine the strengths and limitations for applying the concept of perspectivism in this cultural setting. These Chukotkan “mouse root” traditions show commonalities with similar practices among the neighboring Iñupiaq and Central Alaskan Yup’ik communities. Most notably, species gathered from rodent nests are similar on both sides of the Bering Strait as are rules for how to show proper respect to the animals when gathering. However, methods of preparation differ significantly between Chukotkan and Alaskan cultures.

scholarly journals Semantic closeness of the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk according to the characteristics of socio-psychological attractiveness

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-33
Author(s):  
Vitalii Vladimirovich Kalita ◽  
Vitalii Nikolaevich Burik ◽  
Valeriya Aleksandrovna Ropalo
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Artistic Image ◽  
The City ◽  
The Russian Far East ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The goal of this research consists in determination of structural-substantive characteristics of socio-psychological attractiveness of the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk. The authors examine the relevant problem of attractiveness of image of the city and its values defined by a set of characteristics: material and non-material wealth, uniqueness, adaptivity of urban environment, etc. The subject of this study is image of the city among the students of professional direction “Human – Human” (discipline “Psychology”, 25 persons) and “Human – Artistic Image” (discipline “Graphic Design, 25 persons). The goal is set to reveal distinctive characteristics of socio-psychological attractiveness of the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk in perception of students of two specialties. Experimental psychosemantics became a methodical framework for comprehensive study of structural-substantive characteristics and attractiveness of the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk. The research applies the method of group associative experiment that allowed reconstructing and describing the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk by calculating the semantic closeness. The authors reveal and delineate the peculiarities of structural-substantive characteristics of socio-psychological attractiveness of the image of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk. It is established that some of such characteristics reflect the key assessment criteria of the environment: economic, climatic, ecological, architectural, cultural, political, evaluative and other, which presence within structure of the image is confirmed by both, theoretical and empirical data. The authors determine that students of the disciplines “Graphic Design” and “Psychology” have similar structural-substantive characteristics that allow not only reconstructing the image, but also outlining the attributes of socio-psychological attractiveness of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk. This is the first study of representations on urbanized environment and its psychological attractiveness in the Russian Far East.

scholarly journals The Transport System of the Far Eastern Federal District: Current State and Prospects of the Eastern Range of Railways

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Anna Bardal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

The subject of the research is the process of transportation by rail in the Russian Far East. The purpose of the work is to consider: the limitation of the throughput of the Eastern range of railways and the prospects for the development of the Trans-Siberian and Baikal-Amur Mainlines infrastructure. The growth in the volume of export flows of coal towards Asian countries led to a lack of carrying capacity of the railways. The quotas for the transported cargo since 2020 are actually discriminating against companies when accessing the railway infrastructure. The development of railways in the Far East lags behind the planned dates and does not correspond to the promising parameters for the development of maritime transport

Tax debt as a threat to the economic security of the Russian Far East

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-242
Author(s):  
V.A. Yakimova ◽  
A.A. Orekhova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Debt Collection ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

Subject. The article addresses the tax liabilities of taxpayers registered in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District, which should be paid to the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation, as well as the factors of the said debt growth. Objectives. Our aim is to assess the level of tax debt of regions of the Russian Far East and identify the correlation between the factors and the amount of tax debt. Methods. The study rests on methods of analysis, generalization, grouping, systematization, and the correlation and regression analysis. Results. We analyzed the level of tax debt for the entire Far Eastern Federal District and by region, identified factors affecting the growth of tax debt therein. The paper assesses the structure of tax debt by type of taxes and activity of debtors. The unveiled factors may help control changes in the size of tax debt in the Russian Far East and develop effective measures to improve the debt collection. Conclusions. The study shows that there is an increase in the tax debt in the regions of the Russian Far East, in the VAT in particular. The factor analysis revealed that the volume of sales of wholesale enterprises, investment in fixed capital, the consumer price index have the largest impact on the amount of tax debt.

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