scholarly journals The effect of the fruit set on the mean mass of sour cherry fruits

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Benedek ◽  
T. Szabó ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Levels

Experiments were conducted with four sour cherry cultivars three of that were self-fertile and one was self-sterile. Different levels of fruit set were obtained by limiting, the bee pollination period. The limitation of the duration of the effective bee pollination period definitely affected the fruit set of all the four cvs. The mass of individual fruits seemed to be related to the final set but this relationship has not find to be definitely expressed statistically at that moderate level of maximum fruit sets (10-14 per cent at the maximum) we obtained in the experiments. For this reason, further research is needed to explore that level of fruit set that can notably reduce the fruit size (mass) to an undesirable extent.  

scholarly journals Blooming phenology and fertility of sour cherry cultivars selected in Hungary

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nyéki ◽  
T. Szabó ◽  
Z. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
The Self ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Bloom Period ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Pollination Methods ◽  
Blooming Phenology

Experiments were conducted during the period between 1972 and 2002 at three sites in Hungary. At Érd 97, Helvetia 10, and Újfehértó, 3 cultivars were studied in variety collections. Observations were made on the blooming phenology (start, main time, end and length of the bloom period), on the blooming dynamics (the rate of the open flowers counted every day), on the receptivity of sexual organs, on the fruit set following self- and open-pollination and on the effect of association of varieties in the orchards (choice, rate and placement of pollinisers). Based on the results the rate of the overlap of the blooming times were calculated and varieties were assigned into five bloom time groups according to their main bloom. Self-fertility conditioned by natural self pollination was studied and good pollinisers were chosen (sweet, sour and duke cherry varieties) for the self-sterile and partially self-fertile varieties. The necessity of bee pollination was proved by different pollination methods: natural self-pollination, artificial self-pollination, open pollination. Summary: Experiments were conducted during the period between 1972 and 2002 at three sites in Hungary. At Érd 97, Helvetia 10, and Újfehértó, 3 cultivars were studied in variety collections. Observations were made on the flowering phenology (start, main time, end and length of the bloom period), on the flowering dynamics (the rate of the open flowers counted every day), on the receptivity of sexual organs, on the fruit set following self- and open-pollination and on the effect of association of varieties in the orchards (choice, rate and placement of pollinisers).

scholarly journals Yield Components among Sour Cherry Seedlings

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy F. Iezzoni ◽  
Colleen A. Mulinix
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Prunus Cerasus ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sib Families

Yield components were measured from 115 sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) hybrid seedlings from 13 full-sib families to investigate the potential of breeding for increased yield. Those families with the highest number of fruit and reproductive buds had the highest yields. In general, increased fruit size was not able to compensate for low fruit count. Fruit set and flower count per bud were inversely related, suggesting compensation between these two components. Yield components from six selections chosen for differing fruiting habits were measured for an additional 2 years. In year 1, those selections with a majority of their fruit on l-year-old wood had higher yield efficiencies (yield per branch cross-sectional area) than those with fruit on spurs; however, but year 3, the higher-yielding selections were those that fruited primarily on spurs. The data are discussed relative to selecting for yield in a sour cherry breeding program.

scholarly journals Boron Fertilization and Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus) Fruit Quality

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 796B-796
Author(s):  
Yufei Xu* ◽  
Eric Hanson ◽  
James Flore ◽  
Wayne Loescher
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Prunus Cerasus ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Careful Monitoring ◽  
Pull Force ◽  
Maturity Date ◽  
Soft Fruit ◽  
Boron Fertilization

In Michigan boron (B) deficiencies in sour cherry have resulted in routine use of B sprays to enhance fruit set and increase fruit yield. However, field observations indicate that high B levels are associated with premature softening, making fruit unacceptable for processing. Our fertilization studies show that fruit B levels are higher, but B generally has little or no effect on fruit size, maturity, color, or pull force. However, at some locations, B applications increase the number of soft fruit, especially when harvest is delayed well after the optimum maturity date (as indicated by pull force). B-induced yield increases can be achieved without inducing excessive fruit softening by careful monitoring of fruit maturation and prompt harvest. Leaf and fruit B levels will be presented.

scholarly journals The effect of the limitation of insect pollination period on the fruit set and yield of quince cultivars (Cydonia oblonga Mill.)

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Benedek ◽  
T. Szabó ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Cydonia Oblonga ◽  
Insect Pollination ◽  
The Mean

The effect of the partial and/or complete limitation of the insect (bee) pollination period was studied in three consecutive years at 6 quince cultivars. Quince is greatly sensitive to the limitation. Complete limitation of insect pollination resulted in no yield and also a partial limitation of the insect pollination period (exclusion of the bees at the first or at the second half of the blooming) depressed the final set and the yield by 60-70% at least or more, sometimes down to no yield. No real correlation was found between the mean mass of fruits and the fruit set. The mass of fruit seems to be rather a character of the cultivars. A loose but significant correlation was established between the intensity of honeybee visitation and the consequent yield of quince. As much as some 4-5 and 8-10 honeybee visits are needed a day on one flower to achieve the required optimal fruit set that has been declared to be 20-25% for quince in the literature. These are extremely high bee visitation figures, accordingly, no doubt the commercial quince plantations require much higher number of honeybee colonies than other temperate zone fruit tree species to supplementary pollination  

scholarly journals Effects of self and cross pollination on fruit set and fruit quality of sour cherry cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ansari ◽  
G. H. Davarynejad ◽  
J. Tornyai ◽  
J. Nyéki ◽  
Z. Szabó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination

An experiment conducted using factorial based on randomized completely block design during 2005 and 2006. Flowers of Érdi bőtermő, Érdi jubileum and Cigány meggy before anthesis and in balloon stages were isolated with paper bags from guest pollens and pollinated in appropriate time. The averages of final fruit set showed the advantage of open pollination (14.6% fruit set) in compare with artificial self pollination (13.0% fruit set) and natural self pollination (4.4% fruit set). Siah mashhad sweet cherry cultivar with more than 70% overlap of flowering and 9.8% fruit set in 2005 and 17.9% in 2006 was the best among applied pollinisers for Érdi bôtermô sour cherry cultivar.Also, Siah mashhad sweet cherry with more than 50%overlap of flowering time and 25.8%fruit set was the best polliniser for Cigány megg. Among the pollinisers, Siah mashhad was the best for Érdi jubileum with more than 50% overlap and 15.22% fruit set. Meanwhile, pollens of Siah mashhad caused the increase of fruit size in Cigány meggy cultivar. phenomenon. Pollens of Siah mashhad caused reduction in total soluble solids of Érdi bôtermô fruits, however, it does not have any significant effect on the acid rate of fruits.

scholarly journals Flower characters and self-fertilization capacity in relation to the bee pollination at sour cherry cultivars

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Benedek ◽  
Z. Szabó ◽  
T. Szabó ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Fertilization Capacity

Detailed studies and comparisons were carried out on those flower characters of sour cherry cultivars that may affect bee pollination of flowers. Flower characters of sour cherry are fairly similar to other temperate zone fruit tree species. Their relatively small flowers distinguish the Cigánymeggy-types of cultivars from the flowers of tart cherries cultivars that are conspicuously larger, almost as large as the sweet cherry flowers. The relative position of flower organs was much more variable according to the season than according to the cultivars. So the differences were rather the consequences of seasonal effects than of variety features of sour cherry cultivars. As far as individual cultivars are concerned differences in the nectar production and the sugar concentration are revealed rather between groups of cultivars than between individual cultivars. The pollen production of flowers was extremely changeable in consecutive years. Most honeybees collected nectar at sour cherry flowers; pure pollen gatherers and mixed behaviour bees were half as frequent but differences among the behaviour of honeybees according to cultivars cannot be stated. The fidelity of honeybees to sour cherry is less expressed than to some other fruit tree species. Accordingly, it is very strongly suggested to take the competitive effect other plant species (weeds) flowering in and around the orchard carefully into account when organizing additional bee pollination in sour cherry plantations. Several sour cherry cultivars possess more or less self-fertilization capacity but this is greatly changeable according to the season. It has been proved that self-sterile sour cherry cultivars are sensitive even on the partial restriction of the effective time of bee pollination and it is to be stressed too that even in the case of partly self-fruitful cultivars bee pollination is also vital in yield formation because medium or strong restriction of the effective bee pollination period is of a definite negative effect on their fruit set and yield. In years with unfavourable weather the yield can dramatically be reduced sometimes down to nil. However, very high fruit set is also unfavourable because a negative correlation was detected between the final set and the mean mass of fruits.

scholarly journals Effects of Honey Bee Pollination on Pumpkin Fruit and Seed Yield

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Alan Walters ◽  
Bradley H. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Carpenter Bees ◽  
Bee Colonies

The objective of this study was to measure honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) impact on seed set, fruit set, and yield of jack-o-lantern (Cucurbita pepo L.), large-sized (C. maxima Duch.), and processing pumpkins (C. moschata Duch. ex Poir.) under field conditions. There were sufficient natural pollinators [including bumblebees (Bombus spp.), carpenter bees (Xylocopa spp.), honey bees, and squash bees (Peponapis pruinosa Say)] provided under field conditions to induce fruit set of jack-o-lantern pumpkins as fruit number obtained per hectare was not affected by the addition of a honey bee colony. However, the addition of honey bees did increase fruit number per hectare of the C. moschata and C. maxima cultivars evaluated. Honey bee pollination resulted in larger-sized fruit, increasing individual fruit size of all but small-sized pumpkins (<0.5 kg). Individual pumpkin fruit weights of the Cucurbita pepo, C. moschata, and C. maxima cultivars evaluated increased by about, 26%, 70%, and 78%, respectively, when honey bee colonies were included. Natural pollination was insufficient to stimulate maximum fruit size development and seed number and seed weight per fruit. Although pumpkin fruit set will occur with natural pollinators, the addition of honey bee colonies will ensure the presence of pollinators to maximize fruit size. Since pumpkins are generally sold on a weight basis, growers may generate greater revenues with the addition of honey bee colonies in pumpkin fields.

OVARIAN ASCORBIC ACID DEPLETION TEST FOR LUTEINIZING HORMONE

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Jacob Koed ◽  
Christian Hamburger
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Dose Response Curve ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT Comparison of the dose-response curves for LH of ovine origin (NIH-LH-S8) and of human origin (IRP-HMG-2) using the OAAD test showed a small, though statistically significant difference, the dose-response curve for LH of human origin being a little flatter. Two standard curves for ovine LH obtained with 14 months' interval, were parallel but at different levels of ovarian ascorbic acid. When the mean ascorbic acid depletions were calculated as percentages of the control levels, the two curves for NIH-LH-S8 were identical. The use of standards of human origin in the OAAD test for LH activity of human preparations is recommended.

Early performance of micropropagated trees of several Malus and Prunus cultivars on their own roots

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 847-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Quamme ◽  
R. T. Brownlee
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Early Performance ◽  
Peach Trees

Early performance (6–8 yr) of Macspur McIntosh, Golden Delicious, and Spartan apple (Malus domestica Borkh.); Fairhaven peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.]; Montmorency sour cherry (P. cerasus L.); and Lambert sweet cherry (P. avium L.) trees, tissue cultured (TC) on their own roots, was compared with that of the same cultivars budded on commercially used rootstocks. TC trees of all apple cultivars were similar in size to trees budded on Antonovka seedling or M.4 and exceeded the size of trees budded on M.26. They were delayed in flowering and in cropping compared with trees budded on M.26 and M.4. No difference in titratable acidity, soluble solids, flesh firmness, weight, flavor, and color between fruit from TC trees and from trees on M.4 and Antonovka seedlings was detected in 1 yr of measurement. However, fruit from TC Golden Delicious was more russeted and fruit from TC Spartan had more soluble solids. The difference in fruit appearance between TC and budded trees may result from a root-stock effect or a difference in budwood source, because Spartan fruit from trees on M.4 was more russeted than Spartan fruit from TC trees, but was not different from Spartan fruit from trees on Antonovka seedling. Trees of Macspur McIntosh on TC M.26 and on stool-layered M.26 were similar in size and yield efficiency. TC Fairhaven was larger in size than Fairhaven on Siberian C seedling, but was less yield efficient. No difference in fruit size, flesh firmness, or color was detected between fruit harvested from peach trees on the different roots. Montmorency and Lambert TC and on F12/1 were similar in tree size, respectively, but Montmorency and Lambert TC were more yield efficient than on F12/1. Fruit of TC Lambert was lighter in color and had higher titratable acidity than that of Lambert on F12/1, perhaps a result of earlier fruit maturity. Key words: Apple, peach, sweet cherry, sour cherry, self-rooted, rootstocks

Alternate cropping of the Delicious apple: the effect of 2, 3, 5-triiodobenzoic acid spray on blossom bud initiation in the on year

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 482 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJ Greenhalgh
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Triiodobenzoic Acid ◽  
Bud Initiation

Alternate-cropping trees of the Delicious variety of apple were treated with a single post-bloom spray containing 75 p.p.m. of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA). The TIBA treatment caused more blossom buds to be formed in the 'on' year, with consequent increases in crop in the following 'off' year. The effect was more pronounced in unthinned limbs than in limbs blossom-thinned prior to treatment. Evidence is presented of reduction in fruit-set and of fruit size following TIBA treatment in the on year. The results are discussed in relation to the anti-auxin properties of the chemical applied.

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