William Temple’s ‘Sharawadji’ and the poetics of world literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-88
Author(s):  
O. I. Polovinkina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
World Literature ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Chinese Tradition ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Augustan Age ◽  
New Tradition

The article examines the ‘active presence’ (D. Damrosch) of the Chinese garden in the literary and cultural history of the English Augustan Age. Special attention is paid to W. Temple’s role as an intermediary in the comprehension of a foreign cultural phenomenon; interpretations of his description of the Chinese garden generated an entirely new tradition in the English literature of the early 18th c. J. Addison identified the Chinese garden with the idea of harmony, making it part and parcel of Neoclassical aesthetics. Pope followed the same logic. In his essay, Castell brings together the classical and the Chinese traditions, where the former does not act as an approving authority, rather it is the Chinese tradition that helps give it a more nuanced description. Quite a few English country homes display a combination of Neoclassical principles and elements of the Chinese garden, the new landscaping style summarized by Pope. Augustans’ Chinese garden draws on two national worldviews, but just like the world ‘sharawadji’ introduced byTemple, it belongs to the realm of imagination, at the crossroads of languages and cultures, none of which can fully claim it as their own.

Qing Dynasty up to 1840

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Littrup
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Ming Dynasty ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Organizational Complexity ◽  
Chinese Tradition ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Chinese Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

The territory of the Qing dynasty was in 1840 still at its maximum, roughly 25 percent larger than the present Chinese territory and more than double the size of the previous Ming dynasty. The history of the Qing dynasty is about this expansion and how Han Chinese tradition and institutions interacted with a leadership dominated by ethnic or organizational minorities, the Manchus and other bannermen. It was a time of change in society and government that belies the still heard claim that it was an immobile empire both internally and in a world context. This article focuses mainly on government and political history; it touches on social and cultural history, but these are dealt with more extensively in other articles in the Oxford Bibliographies in Chinese Studies. The population probably doubled in the period, and many people may have experienced rising or at least adequate living standards. There were few technological breakthroughs in production, but rational application and expansion of existing methods to more land in combination with other economic measures secured a rise in production, at least until around 1800, aided by a government apparatus with qualifications and flexibility to solve problems that arose. The ethnic or organizational complexity of government administration may have helped to create a strong administration, but state finances were never strong enough to evade corruption and its threats to society. Foreigners arrived as before, Qing subjects went abroad, and the integration of China in the world and the world economy before the European powers started to intrude on Qing territory, both on the coast and the continental borders, is now accepted by most historians although it is always possible to find rhetoric, rules, and actions that, seen in isolation, may support the impression of an isolating empire.

scholarly journals World Literature: A Panacea for the Colonial Prejudice of English Literature

k ta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Nemati ◽  
Ali Hassanpour Darbandi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Final Section ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

The present study is an attempt to discuss the importance of “World Literature” for English literary studies in universities and societies around the world. In this regard, this paper shall refer to the stances adopted by various thinkers against the colonial and ideological essence of the English literature in developing countries. In this part, references are made to postcolonial thinkers and the way they have exposed the barbaric nature of colonialism, in that it has, for decades, marginalized the culture and literature of other nations through cultural (neo)colonialism. The next part offers a brief introduction to the history of the emergence of “World Literature” and the ways in which it contributes to bridging the gap between nations across continents and ideological divides. The final section is devoted to a recapitulatory remark vis-à-vis the reorientation of the public’s eyes towards “World Literature” as a panacea for the colonial prejudice of English literature.

Puccini's La Bohème

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Music Drama ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
La Boheme ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

La bohème is one of the most frequently performed operas in the world. But how did it come to be so adored? Drawing on an extremely broad range of sources, Alexandra Wilson traces the opera’s rise to global fame. Although the work has been subjected to many hostile critiques, it swiftly achieved popular success through stage performances, recordings, and filmed versions. Wilson demonstrates how La bohème acquired even greater cultural influence as its music and dramatic themes began to be incorporated into pop songs, film soundtracks, musicals, and more. In this cultural history of Puccini’s opera, Wilson offers a fresh reading of a familiar work. La bohème was strikingly modern for the 1890s, she argues, in its approach to musical and dramatic realism and in flouting many of the conventions of the Italian operatic tradition. Considering the work within the context of the aesthetic, social, and political debates of its time, Wilson explores Puccini’s treatment of themes including gender, poverty, and nostalgia. She pays particular attention to La bohème’s representation of Paris, arguing that the opera was not only influenced by romantic mythologies surrounding the city but also helped shape them. Wilson concludes with a consideration of the many and varied approaches directors have taken to the staging of Puccini’s opera, including some that have reinvented the opera for a new age. This book is essential reading for anyone who has seen La bohème and wants to know more about its music, drama, and cultural contexts.

A Cultural History Of Color in the Renaissance

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Material World ◽  
Color Terms ◽  
Global Circulation ◽  
The World ◽  
Color Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychology Literature

A Cultural History of Color in the Renaissance covers the period 1400 to 1650, a time of change, conflict, and transformation. Innovations in color production transformed the material world of the Renaissance, especially in ceramics, cloth, and paint. Collectors across Europe prized colorful objects such as feathers and gemstones as material illustrations of foreign lands. The advances in technology and the increasing global circulation of colors led to new color terms enriching language. Color shapes an individual’s experience of the world and also how society gives particular spaces, objects, and moments meaning. The 6 volume set of the Cultural History of Color examines how color has been created, traded, used, and interpreted over the last 5000 years. The themes covered in each volume are color philosophy and science; color technology and trade; power and identity; religion and ritual; body and clothing; language and psychology; literature and the performing arts; art; architecture and interiors; and artefacts. Volume 3 in the Cultural History of Color set. General Editors: Carole P. Biggam and Kirsten Wolf

scholarly journals Motywy sportowe w polskiej sztuce międzywojennej — rekonesans

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 75-89
Author(s):  
Michał Mazurkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Great Strength ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Art And Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Art ◽  
The Times

Sports Motifs in Interwar Polish Art — a ReconnaissanceSport is an important cultural phenomenon permeating many spheres of human activity. It has a great strength of influence and is constantly present in art and literature, also in Poland. Artists, especially the ones being lovers of sport, have always been fascinated with the potential existing in different kinds of games. After regaining independence in 1918, physical activity enjoyed great popularity in the awaken­ing Polish state. Sport was seen as achance of broadly understood renaissance of the nation; in addi­tion, its role in preparing the army to fight in the times of still real threats was appreciated. A positive influence of sport on youth was also seen. It also entered the world of art. The aim of this paper is to present Polish artists inspired by sport, also including laureates of the Art Competitions at the Summer Olympics, like for example poet Kazimierz Wierzyński, painter Władysław Skoczylas or sculptor Józef Klukowski. The author analyses both their motivations and the artistic output. The examination is preceded by an introduction showing the beginnings of Polish art inspired by sport and entertainment, whose elements one will find for example in the case of Leon Wyczółkowski or Wojciech Kossak, as well as the beginnings of sports literature. The history of the presence of sport in Polish art and literature is quite rich. The research enquired exploration of the history of Polish antebellum sport, looking over the works of artists interested in sport, as well as familiarising oneself with numerous publications devoted to this phenomenon.

A Cultural History of Color in the Age of Industry

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Industrial Manufacturing ◽  
The World ◽  
Color Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Color Printing ◽  
Psychology Literature

Volume 5 A Cultural History of Color in the Age of Industry covers the period 1800 to 1920, when the world embraced color like never before. Inventions, such as steam power, lithography, photography, electricity, motor cars, aviation, and cheaper color printing, all contributed to a new exuberance about color. Available pigments and colored products – made possible by new technologies, industrial manufacturing, commercialization, and urbanization – also greatly increased, as did illustrated printed literature for the mass market. Color, both literally and metaphorically, was splashed around, and became an expressive tool for artists, designers, and writers. Color shapes an individual’s experience of the world and also how society gives particular spaces, objects, and moments meaning. The 6 volume set of the Cultural History of Color examines how color has been created, traded, used, and interpreted over the last 5000 years. The themes covered in each volume are color philosophy and science; color technology and trade; power and identity; religion and ritual; body and clothing; language and psychology; literature and the performing arts; art; architecture and interiors; and artefacts. Volume 5 in the Cultural History of Color set. General Editors: Carole P. Biggam and Kirsten Wolf

A Cultural History of Objects in the Modern Age

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
New Materials ◽  
The West ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

A Cultural History of Objects in the Modern Age covers the period 1900 to today, a time marked by massive global changes in production, transportation, and information-sharing in a post-colonial world. New materials and inventions – from plastics to the digital to biotechnology – have created unprecedented scales of disruption, shifting and blurring the categories and meanings of the object. If the 20th Century demonstrated that humans can be treated like things whilst things can become ever more human, where will the 21st Century take us? The 6 volume set of the Cultural History of Objects examines how objects have been created, used, interpreted and set loose in the world over the last 2500 years. Over this time, the West has developed particular attitudes to the material world, at the centre of which is the idea of the object. The themes covered in each volume are objecthood; technology; economic objects; everyday objects; art; architecture; bodily objects; object worlds.

Free Market Flavor

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Zeitlin
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Free Market ◽  
World History ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Cultural Expressions

This chapter reflects on the poetry of the palate, which it says is part of our palette of personal and cultural expressions. Tasting your favorite dish and hearing your favorite poem both have aesthetic qualities that make part of the poetry of everyday life. A language of tastes from immigrants' home countries is a marketable currency—and it adds not only flavors but also delicious words to our English vocabulary. Two books by Mark Kurlansky, Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World and Salt: A World History, make the case that the entire history of the world can be told through a single food. Foodways can provide a lens through which to explore geography and cultural history. In New York, world history, immigrant history, and shifting demographics create an ever-changing range of eateries and restaurants offering a panoply of tastes, often concocting new flavors by mixing ingredients.

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