The use of bioceramic root canal sealers for obturation of the root canal system: A review

The use of bioceramic root canal sealers in endodontics is a promising approach because of the advantages such as improved flow properties, biocompatible and could promote the formation of hard tissue. Due to the recent technology and limited scientific evidence, the effectiveness of bioceramic root canal sealers remains unclear. This article focuses on the physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, biomineralisation, retreatability, 3D obturation and current practice of using bioceramic root canal sealers. The relevant articles for this review were searched manually from Google Scholar and PubMed using keywords ‘bioceramic root filling material AND endodontics’, ‘bioceramic root canal sealers AND endodontics’, ‘cytotoxicity AND bioceramic root canal sealers’, ‘bioceramic root canal sealers AND physicochemical properties’, ‘biomineralisation AND bioceramic root canal sealers’ and ‘retreatment efficacy AND bioceramic root filling materials’. Since the clinical data concerning the obturation with bioceramic root canal sealers is lacking, the selection of materials should be made based on the available scientific evidence, individual cases, material availability and operator’s preference.

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What Are the Chances of Resilon to Dominate the Market Filling Materials for Endodontics?

Metals ◽

10.3390/met11111744 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1744

Author(s):

Joanna Dobrzańska ◽

Lech B. Dobrzański ◽

Leszek A. Dobrzański ◽

Anna D. Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz ◽

Klaudiusz Gołombek

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Swot Analysis ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Filling Material ◽

Human Teeth ◽

Research Results ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Common Trade ◽

Selection Of

This paper is a literature review with additional virtual analyses of the authors’ own experimental research results. Knowledge from various areas was synergistically combined, appropriately for concurrent engineering, presenting several possible methodological approaches used in research, optimizing the selection of engineering materials and the conditions of their application with particular application in endodontics. Particular attention was paid to the theoretical aspects of filling material strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats SWOT analysis. Attention was paid to the original concepts of Sustainable Dentistry Development in conjunction with Dentistry 4.0, which includes endodontics as an important element. The dentists’ actions, among others, in conservative dentistry, along with endodontics, requires close cooperation with engineers and the enginering sciences. Methods of root canal preparation were described, together with selected tools, including those made of nitinol. Principles concerning the process of cleaning and shaping the pulp complex are presented. The importance of obturation methods, including the Thermo-Hydraulic-Condensation THC technique, and the selection of filling materials with the necessary sealants for the success of endodontic treatment are discussed. The experimental studies were carried out in vitro on human teeth removed for medical reasons, except for caries, for which two groups of 16 teeth were separated. After the root canal was prepared, it was filled with studs and pellets of a filling material based on polyester materials, which has gained the common trade name of resilon or, less frequently, RealSeal (SybronEndo) with an epiphany sealant. The teeth for the first group were obturated by cold lateral condensation. In the second case the obturation was performed using the Thermo-Hydraulic-Condensation technique using System B and Obtura III. The experimental leakage testing was done using a scanning electron microscope SEM and a light stereoscopic microscope LSM, as typical research tools used in materialography. The research results, in a confrontation with the data taken from the literature studies, do not indicate the domination of resilon in endodontics.

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Antibacterial Additives in Epoxy Resin-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Focused Review

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj7030072 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 72 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alexander Brezhnev ◽

Prasanna Neelakantan ◽

Ray Tanaka ◽

Sergey Brezhnev ◽

George Fokas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Epoxy Resin ◽

Root Canal ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Dental Materials ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Antifungal Drugs ◽

Root Canal System ◽

Materials Used ◽

Root Canal Sealers

Dental materials used in root canal treatment have undergone substantial improvements over the past decade. However, one area that still remains to be addressed is the ability of root canal fillings to effectively entomb, kill bacteria, and prevent the formation of a biofilm, all of which will prevent reinfection of the root canal system. Thus far, no published review has analysed the literature on antimicrobial additives to root canal sealers and their influence on physicochemical properties. The aim of this paper was to systematically review the current literature on antimicrobial additives in root canal sealers, their anti-fouling effects, and influence on physicochemical properties. A systematic search was performed in two databases (PubMed and Scopus) to identify studies that investigated the effect of antimicrobial additives in epoxy resin-based root canal sealers. The nature of additives, their antimicrobial effects, methods of antimicrobial testing are critically discussed. The effects on sealer properties have also been reviewed. A total of 31 research papers were reviewed in this work. A variety of antimicrobial agents have been evaluated as additives to epoxy resin-based sealers, including quaternary ammonium compounds, chlorhexidine, calcium hydroxide, iodoform, natural extracts, antibiotics, antifungal drugs, and antimicrobial agent-functionalised nanoparticles. Antimicrobial additives generally improved the antimicrobial effect of epoxy resin-based sealers mainly without deteriorating the physicochemical properties, which mostly remained in accordance with ISO and ANSI/ADA specifications.

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Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity of Endodontic Sealers on Enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro Study

World Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1123 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 26-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anjali Kaiwar ◽

Gururaj Nadig ◽

Jayashree Hegde ◽

S Lekha

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Root Canal ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Filling Material ◽

Canal System ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Root Canal System ◽

Endodontic Sealers

ABSTRACT Microorganisms invading the root canal system of a tooth may interact with the host tissue and cause pulpo-periapical pathosis. The goals of root canal treatment are to disinfect the root canal system and to prevent subsequent reinfection. The disinfection is attempted with endodontic instruments, irrigants, and medications. Due to the complex canal anatomy, microorganisms can persist even after thorough disinfection regimens are used. After disinfection, the canal is sealed with a root filling material along with sealers. To curtail residual microorganisms, root-filling materials should ideally be bactericidal, as well as biocompatible. In addition, the root filling materials are expected to act as a physical barrier to prevent the leakage of substrate to any residual microorganisms and the ingress of additional microorganisms. The aim of the present study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of various Endodontic sealers on the Enterococcus faecalis. Enterococcus faecalis is a microorganism commonly detected in asymptomatic, persistent endodontic infections. In the changing face of dental care, continued research on E. faecalis and its elimination from the dental apparatus may well define the future of the endodontic specialty. How to cite this article Kaiwar A, Nadig G, Hegde J, Lekha S. Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity of Endodontic Sealers on Enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro Study. World J Dent 2012;3(1):26-31.

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Development Strategy of Endodontic Filling Materials Based on Engineering and Medical Approaches

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9112014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 2014

Author(s):

Leszek A. Dobrzański ◽

Joanna Dobrzańska ◽

Lech B. Dobrzański ◽

Anna D. Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz ◽

Klaudiusz Gołombek

Keyword(s):

Development Strategy ◽

Root Canal ◽

Virtual Space ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Filling Material ◽

Root Canals ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Life Years ◽

Selection Of

This article is a literature review aimed at presenting the general state of knowledge in manufacturing engineering and materials engineering to develop engineering materials applied for endodontic treatment as filling materials. Particular attention was paid to theoretical analyses concerning the selection of methods for developing and obturating root canals and discussing the results of experimental studies available in the literature. These activities aimed to compare the importance of the most commonly used endodontic filling materials based on gutta-percha or polymeric polyester materials, commonly known as resilon, respectively. The motivation to take up this complex, multi-faceted topic in this paper is the extent of caries, periodontal disease, and other oral diseases in 3 to 5 billion people, often affecting toothlessness and contributing to an increase in the index of disability-adjusted life years (number). Endodontics is an important element of the authors’ concept of Dentistry Sustainable Development (DSD) > 2020. The principles of qualifying patients for endodontic treatment are discussed. The introduction of rotary tools, especially manufactured from Nitinol alloy, to develop root canals and the latest thermohydraulic and condensation techniques for obturation guarantee progress in endodontics. The “Digital Twins” methodology was used, rooted in the idea of Industry 4.0 and the resulting idea of Dentistry 4.0, as well as knowledge management methods, to perform experimental research in virtual space, concerning methods of developing and obturating the root canal and assessing the tightness of fillings. Microscopic visualization methods were also used. Significant factors determining the effectiveness of endodontic obturation are the selection of the filling material and the appropriate obturation method. The generalized dendrological matrix of endodontic filling materials considers the criteria of mechanical strength influencing the potential root fracture and the quality of root canal filling. The results of the SWOT point analysis (strengths and weaknesses, opportunities, threats) were also compared. For both filling materials, the weaknesses are much less than the strengths, while the threats are slightly less than the opportunities for the gutta-percha-based material, while for resilon the opportunities are much smaller than the threats. It requires the application of an appropriate development strategy, i.e., MAXI-MAXI in the case of a filling material based on gutta-percha and MAXI-MINI in the case of resilon. Therefore, the analysis of these experimental data does not indicate the real competitiveness of resilon for the gutta-percha-based material. This material deservedly maintains its strong position as the “Gold Standard of Endodontics”.

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Evaluation of the biological and physicochemical properties of calcium silicate‐based and epoxy resin‐based root canal sealers

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied Biomaterials ◽

10.1002/jbm.b.35004 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriela Cardoso Ferreira ◽

Lucas Siqueira Pinheiro ◽

Júlia Silveira Nunes ◽

Roberta Almeida Mendes ◽

Cláudia Daniela Schuster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Epoxy Resin ◽

Root Canal ◽

Calcium Silicate ◽

Root Canal Sealers

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Evaluation of the physicochemical properties of silicone- and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0072 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rafael Verardino de CAMARGO ◽

Yara Terezinha Corrêa SILVA-SOUSA ◽

Rodrigo Presotto Ferreira da ROSA ◽

Jardel Francisco MAZZI-CHAVES ◽

Fabiane Carneiro LOPES ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Epoxy Resin ◽

Root Canal ◽

Root Canal Sealers

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Perforation Repair Using Biodentine:A Nobel Approach

International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.18311/ijmds/2017/18851 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1558

Author(s):

Mridusmita Mukherjee ◽

Krutika Shekhawat

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Case Report ◽

Root Canal ◽

Filling Material ◽

Restorative Material ◽

Canal System ◽

Microbial Invasion ◽

Retrograde Filling ◽

Root Canal System ◽

The Many

Root perforations are one of the many consequences of compromised endodontic procedure. It not only poses a significant problem in treatment outcome but also greatly affects the prognosis if not repaired in time. If it occurs, it allows microbial invasion and inflammation in the non-invated area of operation. So, choice of restorative material should be such that it closes the pathway of communication between the root canal system and its associated tissues. It should possess all the good qualities of an ideal orthograde or retrograde filling material. The following note describes a case report of a young boy with failed root canal treatment performed earlier with its steps of management.

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Micro-CT Evaluation of Root Filling Removal after Three Stages of Retreatment Procedure

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201300061 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 612-618 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Ricardo Abreu da Rosa ◽

Manuela Favarin Santini ◽

Bruno Cavalini Cavenago ◽

Jefferson Ricardo Pereira ◽

Marco Antônio Húngaro Duarte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Filling Material ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Root Canal Filling ◽

Tomography System ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Ct Evaluation ◽

Ah Plus ◽

Post Hoc

The aim of this study was to quantify the residual filling material after filling removal, re-preparation with rotary or reciprocating files and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Twenty maxillary molars were prepared using ProTaper instruments up to F1. The teeth were filled with AH Plus and ProTaper gutta-percha points using the single-cone technique. Thereafter, the specimens were scanned using a micro-computed tomography system (Micro-CT #1). Then, the root canal filling was removed using ProTaper Retreatment files, and a new scan was performed (Micro-CT #2). The specimens were divided into two groups according to the instrument used for re-preparation: ProTaper rotary or WaveOne reciprocating files (Micro-CT #3). Finally, PUI was performed, and a new micro-CT scan was performed (Micro-CT #4). Intragroup and intergroup analyses were performed using Friedman and Dunn's post hoc test and the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post hoc tests, respectively. Palatal canal presented the highest volume of residual filling material in all stages of endodontic retreatment (p<0.05). The main reduction of filling volume was achieved after using ProTaper Retreament (p<0.05). The amount of remaining filling material after using ProTaper Retreatment was similar to that achieved with rotary and reciprocating files and after PUI (p>0.05). Rotary and reciprocating files achieved similar removal of the root canal filling (p>0.05). The greatest reduction in filling material was achieved after using ProTaper Retreatment files. Rotary and reciprocating instruments and PUI did not improve the removal of root canal filling materials.

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Long Term Results Regarding the Clinical Applicability of Two Root Canal Sealers

Materiale Plastice ◽

10.37358/mp.17.2.4840 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 308-311

Author(s):

Oana Andreea Diaconu ◽

Ionela Teodora Dascalu ◽

Marina Amarascu ◽

Horia Octavian Manolea ◽

Radu Rica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Root Canal ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Filling Material ◽

Clinical Protocol ◽

Clinical Applicability ◽

Ah Plus ◽

Endodontic Disease ◽

Root Canal Sealers

The aim of this study was the evaluation of the long term results in the clinical applicability of two root canal sealers, Sealapex Xpress - Kerr Endodontics (non-eugenol, calcium hydroxide polymeric root canal sealant) and AH Plus Jet - Dentsply Maillefer (epoxy resin-based sealant). 225 teeth of 159 patients included in this study, were endodontic treated and filled with the previously mentioned root canal sealers, in accordance with a standard clinical protocol. The long term results regarding the evaluation of the used two root sealers were realized clinically and radiologically, after annually monitoring conducted during three years. Long-term results of the study showed that, although their different chemical composition, the two root filling material showed good results in the treatment of various types of endodontic disease.

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