Associated petroleum gas and its impact on the typical gas gathering systems operation

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
V. P. Horin ◽  
D. F. Tymkiv
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Associated Petroleum Gas ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Typical Composition

This paper is dedicated to the urgent issue of energy security in terms of optimization for subsequent continuous operation of typical gas gathering systems which have been operating for quite a long time. Typical composition analysis of gas, gas condensate and oil fields of Ukraine have been introduced, the problem of how condensate contamination at a certain kilometer of gas gathering network is formed has been solved. Moreover it has been determined how they affect the operation modes of gas gathering systems and petroleum gas treating equipment.

scholarly journals Metallic Composition Analysis of Crude Petroleum from Some Oil Fields in Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Robert Wilson ◽  
Calvin Kwesi Gafrey ◽  
George Amoako ◽  
Benjamin Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Crude Petroleum ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Exciting Field ◽  
Nuclear Research Institute ◽  
X Ray

Qualitative and quantitative analyses of chemical elements in crude petroleum using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopic technique has attracted the attention of scientific world because it is fast, cheap, non-destructive and assurance in quality compared to other methods. Metallic element characterisation of crude petroleum is important in the petrochemical industry because it determines rock reservoir properties, the technology needed for extraction and refinery process, hence an exciting field that calls for research. X-ray fluorescence method was used for metallic composition analysis of four rundown crude petroleum samples (SB-2, SB-4, TB-2 and TB-1) from three oil fields (Saltpond, TEN and Jubilee). It was conducted at the National Nuclear Research Institute of Ghana. Analysis of the four samples concluded that oil field maturity decreases orderly from Saltpond, Jubilee and TEN. Vanadium-nickel ratios for each crude petroleum sample was less than 0.5, indicating that both Saltpond and Tano sedimentary rocks are of marine organic origin. Higher concentration levels of rare earth metal elements (scandium and yttrium) in the Saltpond sedimentary basin compared to Tano sedimentary rock suggest seismic effect of McCarthy Hills on Saltpond Basin. The strong negative correlation between the vanadium-nickel ratio (predictor) and scandium concentration (dependent) among the three oil fields implies that scandium concentration can equally be used to characterise the oil fields just as the vanadium-nickel ratios.

scholarly journals New representations on oil and gas origin in connection with the opening of the phenomenon of reserves replenishment in exploited oil fields

Georesursy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Azariy A. Barenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Gas Formation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Origin Of Oil ◽  
Water Cycles

New ideas about the origin of oil and gas are discussed. They are caused by the discovery of the phenomenon of replenishment of oil and gas reserves in exploited fields. This phenomenon was discovered by the Russian geologists a quarter of a century ago, and a little later it was theoretically justified on the basis of the biosphere concept of oil and gas formation. As a result, the well-known «organic hypothesis» and «mineral hypothesis», which have long time competed in oil and gas geology are being replaced by new representations today, according to which oil and gas are the inexhaustible useful fossils of our planet. And their deposits are traps of movable carbon that circulates via the Earth’s surface in three main cycles with periods of ~108-109, ~106 -107 and ≈ 40 years. The 40-year carbon biosphere cycle, which was not previously taken into account at all, plays a main role in replenishment of deposits. Its accounting makes it possible to balance the carbon and water cycles in the biosphere, taking into account the economic activities of people and modern formation of oil and gas in the bowels, and also open up the possibility of exploiting deposits as constantly replenished sources of hydrocarbons.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of phenolic components in wastewater by micro algae: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 05009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthanna Al-Dahhan ◽  
Faris Al-Ani ◽  
Afaf Al-Saned
Keyword(s):  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Growth Requirements ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Algae Growth ◽  
Microalgae Growth

The biodegradation of phenolic contaminant present in wastewater by micro algae has been investigated in the current research. The study focused on algae growth requirements and factors affecting algae growth in contaminated water leading to the best treatment. Different techniques used to functionalize microalgae in the treatment such as batch and continuous operation modes have been further investigated. Mechanisms for microalgae pollutants degradation and microalgae growth kinetics were also highlighted to present the required knowledge in phenol contaminant biodegradation field by microorganisms

Improving the Quality of Electricity for Consumption in the Oil Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (42) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Irina Pospelova ◽  
◽  
Tatiana A. Shirobokova ◽  
Vyacheslav Kuzmin ◽  
Tatiana Sterkhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
Compensating Devices ◽  
Electric Centrifugal Pump

Currently, 50-60 percents of power consumption in oil fields falls on mechanized oil production. The specificity of the operation of a submersible electric centrifugal pump (ESP), powered by a submersible electric motor (SEM) as consumers of electricity, is due to their operation at a considerable distance from the earth’s surface, the variable nature of the load, the aggressiveness of the produced fluid, and the presence of an extended cable line. (Research objective) To study devices for improving the quality of electricity in the oil industry. (Materials and methods) The results of the survey of the parameters of power consumption of the Novoportovskoe oil and gas condensate field of the PREO «Yamal» Network district No. 1 Kust 18 KTP 10 / 0.4 kV No. 1 input-2. (Results and discussion) The results of studies of the parameters of electricity at the Novoportovskoye oil and gas condensate field have shown that it is advisable to use devices that improve the quality of electricity. Devices can be different, both in design and in scope. Such as voltage stabilizers, phase voltage balancing devices, reactive power compensation devices, filter compensating devices, active mains filters. (Conclusions) Having considered the variety of devices on the market that improve the quality of electricity, as well as devices that compensate for reactive power, it is advisable to use static thyristor reactive power compensators manufactured by JSC Electrointer, Serpukhov.

Finite Element Modelling of Volumetric and Shear Ductile Micro- and Macro-Fracture Processes Under Long Time Loading

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucija Pajic ◽  
Alexander A. Lukyanov
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Propagation Path ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Fracture Processes ◽  
Damage Tensor

Submarine and onshore pipelines transport enormous quantities of oil and gas vital to the economies of virtually all nations. Any failure to ensure safe and continuous operation of these pipelines can have serious economic implications, damage the environment and cause fatalities. A prerequisite to safe pipeline operation is to ensure their structural integrity to a high level of reliability throughout their operational lives. This integrity may be threatened by volumetric and shear ductile micro- and macro-fracture processes under long time loading or continuous operation. In this paper a mathematically consistent damage model for predicting the damage in pipeline structures under tensile and shear loading is considered. A detailed study of widely used damage models (e.g., Lemaitre’s and Gurson’s models) has been published in the literature. It has been shown that Gurson’s damage model is not able to adequately predict fracture propagation path under shear loading, whereas Lemaitre’s damage model (Lemaitre, 1985) shows good results in this case (e.g., Hambli 2001, Mkaddem et al. 2004). The opposite effect can be observed for some materials by using Gurson’s damage model in the case of tensile loading (e.g., Tvergaard and Needleman 1984; Zhang et al. 2000; Chen and Lambert 2003; Mashayekhi et al. 2007) and wiping die bending process (Mkaddem et al. 2004). Therefore, the mathematically consistent damage model which takes into account the advantages of both Lemaitre’s and Gurson’s models has been developed. The model is based on the assumption that the damage state of materials can be described by a damage tensor ωij. This allows for definition of two scalars that are ω = ωkk/3 (the volume damage) (Lukyanov, 2004) and α = ωij′ωij′ (a norm of the damage tensor deviator ωij′ = ωij −ωδij) (Lukyanov, 2004). The ω parameter describes the accumulation of micro-pore type damage (which may disappear under compression) and the parameter α describes the shear damage. The proposed damage model has been implemented into the finite element code ABAQUS by specifying the user material routine (UMAT). Based on experimental research which has been published by Lemaitre (1985), the proposed isotropic elastoplastic damage model is validated. The results for X-70 pipeline steel are also presented, discussed and future studies are outlined.

scholarly journals Investigation of Possibility of Applying Gas Turbine Installations for Utilization of Associated Petroleum Gas with High Nitrogen Content at Oil Fields of Udmurt Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
I I Fakhraziev ◽  
K S Merzlyakova ◽  
V N Didenko
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
High Nitrogen Content ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Associated Petroleum Gas ◽  
Udmurt Republic

Статья посвящена исследованию возможности применения газотурбинных установок (ГТУ) для утилизации попутного нефтяного газа (ПНГ) с высоким содержанием азота ( N2 ) в качестве основного топлива. Компонентный состав нефтяного газа представляет собой смесь предельных углеводородов, включающую метан, этан, пропан, бутан, изобутан и другие углеводороды, процентное соотношение которых варьируется от места нефтяного промысла, в зависимости от геологических особенностей. Эксплуатируемые месторождения Удмуртской Республики (УР) характеризуются добычей тяжелой, трудно извлекаемой нефти с попутным нефтяным газом, содержащим значительное количество азота и поэтому обладающим низкой теплотой сгорания, что существенно затрудняет его методы утилизации. Обычно такой газ сразу сбрасывается в атмосферу или бесполезно сжигается на факельных установках: в обоих случаях это негативно сказывается на состоянии окружающей среды. В Постановлении Правительства Российской Федерации (РФ) от 8 ноября 2012 года № 1148 устанавливается целевой показатель сжигания ПНГ на факеле: не более 5 % от общего количества получаемого газа. При превышении этого предельно допустимого показателя применяются повышающие коэффициенты, влияющие на размер выплат штрафов. Данные меры должны стимулировать нефтяные компании к разработке проектов по эффективному использованию попутного нефтяного газа. Существует несколько рациональных методов утилизации ПНГ: например, использование его в качестве сырья для нефтехимической промышленности или топлива для различных установок, вырабатывающих электрическую энергию и теплоту. В данной статье исследуется возможность утилизации попутного нефтяного газа с высоким содержанием азота путем его сжигания в когенерационных газотурбинных установках с преимущественной выработкой электроэнергии.

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