scholarly journals Professor of the Imperial Medical-Surgical Academy V.M. Florinsky – Scientist, Teacher and Statesman

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Alexander Anatolevich Dvirskii ◽  
Anatoly Emelianovich Dvirsky ◽  
Igor Isaakovich Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
University Education ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
State Activity ◽  
History Of

The main periods of life, scientific and state activity of Vasilij Markovich Florinsky. The purpose of the article is to consider stages of V.M. Florinsky’s activity in the academy as a pupil, scientist and statesman and to show his role in the development of obstetrics and gynaecology, anthropology, ethnography, history of medicine and folk medicine, as well as his contribution to the formation of eugenics and medical genetics. During the study the following methods were applied: theoretical, analysis, biographical. V.M. Florinsky published more than 330 scientific works. He published about 30 scientific publications on various sections of obstetrics and gynaecology. The scientist proposed an original method to prevent ruptures of the perineum during childbirth, among the first in Russia he successfully used chloroform for anesthesia in childbirth, conducted various histological studies in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology. A significant part of V.M. Florinsky's publications is devoted to archaeological and ethnographic researches. Discussion: V.M. Florinsky's biography will arise interest in specialists of humanitarian and medical profiles, politicians and public figures. Conclusion: having considered the main periods of life, scientific and state activity of V.M. Florinsky, his significant contribution to the development of obstetrics and gynaecology, anthropology, ethnography, history of medicine and folk medicine and to the formation of eugenics and medical genetics can be noted. V.M. Florinsky as a reformer and administrator in the system of university education strengthened the domestic and international authority of Russian science.

Victor Almon McKusick (21 October 1921–22 July 2008): Philosophical approach and historiography

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaela I Poling
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

While many authors have surveyed the contributions of Victor Almon McKusick, MD (21 October 1921–22 July 2008) to establishing the field of medical genetics, no authors have reviewed his significant contributions as an historian to the field of the history of medicine. In discussing relevant biographical themes and their functional influence in his life, his philosophical approach to the study of the history of medicine and his unique historiography, blending various major schools of thought into a hybrid analytical approach to historical research, was evaluated. The evaluation drew on a series of interviews conducted with McKusick in 2004 and 2005, review of a selection of his published historical contributions, and review of secondary sources.

scholarly journals History of Medicine and Medical Law

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mukhitdinova Firyuza Abdurashidovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
The State ◽  
Medical Law ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Medical Activity ◽  
History Of

The article discusses the history of the development of traditional medicine and the human right to treatment. The ancestors of folk medicine and the legal regulations in this area are studied. The state of medical activity and medical law of Uzbekistan is analyzed.

scholarly journals Administrative and legal characteristics of the primary historical stages of origin, formation and deve - lopment of medical care

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Kravets
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

This article is devoted to the doctrinal study of the genesis of the origin, formation and development of health care, resulting ina study of traditions, customs that have been passed down from generation to generation.The periodization of the history of medicine in Ukraine is formed, which is expediently presented in the form of its systematizationand to formulate its stages, namely: the initial stage (600 million years ago to the XII-VI millennium BC); stage of Kievan Rus(IX century to XIII century); Polish-Lithuanian stage (including Cossack statehood) (XIV to the first half of the XVII cen tury); Theimperial stage (includes the reigns of Peter I, Catherine II and Nicholas II) (XVIII – to the XIX century), the Soviet stage (XX century),the stage of Ukrainian independence (second half of the XX century), the stage of Modern Ukraine (early XXI cen tury – to this day).Also, it was concluded that the main features of the “Initial stage” of the formation and development of medical care are:1) begins to be used in the provision of medical care herbal medicines; 2) there is a use of drugs that determine the mechanism of actionon the human body, namely: narcotic effects, stimulant effects, tonic effects, etc.; 3) the use of magic in the provision of medical care,which arose as a result of empirical research. Accordingly, the main features of the “stage of Kievan Rus” formation and developmentof medical care are: 1) the development of pagan treatment; 2) active development and implementation of the monastic direction oftreatment; 3) the use of folk medicine in the treatment of patients; 4) dissemination of knowledge and practical skills by monks of theKiev-Pechersk Lavra to neighboring lands; 5) the introduction of monastic hospitals, where monks were so humane to the sick to thepoint of self-sacrifice; 6) monasteries became centers of culture and education; 7) there was a separation of such areas of medical careas surgical, orthopedic and therapeutic, etc.

scholarly journals Interpretation of the Concept of Religious Syncretism in Western European and Russian Researches

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
M. O. Sidakova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western European ◽  
Religious Syncretism ◽  
Term Map

The article is devoted to religious syncretism, in particular, the history of its research in Western European and Russian science. Most foreign researchers give an ambiguous assessment of the mother concept of syncretism. However, when for Russian researchers syncretism is a universal term used to describe a group of processes and seems not to be problematic, in the Western European scientific community anthropologists and religious scholars have been actively discussing its application for almost fifty years: works devoted to religious syncretism, as a rule, are necessarily accompanied by a number of reservations, and in other cases researchers deliberately avoid it altogether, preferring to use synonymous concepts with a less complicated history. In this way the main objective this paper sets is to compare the visions of the Russian and the foreign academy on the term, map and draw the margins of the conceptual use that both Russian and European scholars share, shedding light on contexts and reasons. Positioning the concept within the field of its use, the text also notes the wide context of the referent phenomenon. Processes of spreading the boundaries of identity and religious self-determination are now taking place against the background of globalization. In this regard, the topic of religious syncretism not only has not lost its relevance, but, on the contrary, is increasingly at the center of religious studies. The author of the article covers the history of the emergence of the concept in religious studies. On the basis of comparative analysis, the traces of the coverage of this phenomenon in scientific publications of Western European and Russian researchers are shown. It is also revealed, how the connotations of the concept of religious syncretism have changed, with the key discrepancies and gaps in scientific approaches identified, and the main types of contexts in which it appears differentiated.

scholarly journals Nomen Est Omen

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Mojca Ramšak
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Open Access ◽  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Social History ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mental Characteristics

The heritage of Slovenian house names and surnames reflects, among others, the former medicine and pharmaceutical occupations, midwifery, and folk medicine practices, and besides that, also health status and illnesses of people. Surnames, which are especially strongly intertwined with family, local and social history, are closely related to folk medicine and magic. Unlike house names (vulgo), which are the usual nicknames for physical and mental characteristics and abilities, surnames denote medicals occupations and medicinal folk practice as such. According to the most recent data (as of January 1, 2020) of The Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, at least 40 surnames reminiscent former medical or pharmaceutical professions. These newly discovered digital data in open access are precious for the history of medicine because they allow comparing surnames geographically, by frequency, and through the time.

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