scholarly journals On the mechanisms of damaging effect of diabetogenic chelators on the endothelium of blood capillaries in pancreatic islets

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Gabit Meyramov ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Ivanovich Korchin ◽  
Altinay Zhuparovna Shaibek ◽  
Aisulu Kikimbaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Capillary Wall ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Diabetes In Animals ◽  
Blood Capillaries ◽  
Perivascular Edema

Authors showed that administration of diabetic zinc binders (DZC) to animals is accompanied not only by destruction and death of B cells, but also by the development of morphological changes in the capillaries of pancreatic islets at the site of contact with B cells (destruction of the capillary endothelium sites, change in the shape of the capillary lumen, erythrocytes adhesion, perivascular edema, hyperemia). Vascular changes are usually late complications of diabetes. To answer the question: are the described changes in islet capillaries a late complication of diabetes (1) or is it the result of the direct damaging effect of DZC (2), low doses of DZC that do not cause diabetes in animals are used, forming a toxic zinc-dithizone complex only at B-pole cells in contact with the capillary wall. It was shown that in this case, the capillary wall is damaged in the absence of diabetes, which indicates a direct damaging effect of DZC not only on B-cells but also on the endothelium of islet capillaries. This is not a direct cause of the development of these forms of diabetes, but may be accompanied by circulatory disorders in pancreatic islets and a worsening of the course of the disease.

Plasmalemma localisation of inorganic phosphate in B cells pancreas

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 528-529
Author(s):  
F. B. P. Wooding ◽  
K. Pedley ◽  
N. Freinkel ◽  
R. M. C. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Slight Modification ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Lead Phosphate

Freinkel et al (1974) demonstrated that isolated perifused rat pancreatic islets reproduceably release up to 50% of their total inorganic phosphate when the concentration of glucose in the perifusion medium is raised.Using a slight modification of the Libanati and Tandler (1969) method for localising inorganic phosphate by fixation-precipitation with glutaraldehyde-lead acetate we can demonstrate there is a significant deposition of lead phosphate (identified by energy dispersive electron microscope microanalysis) at or on the plasmalemma of the B cell of the islets (Fig 1, 3). Islets after incubation in high glucose show very little precipitate at this or any other site (Fig 2). At higher magnification the precipitate seems to be intracellular (Fig 4) but since any use of osmium or uranyl acetate to increase membrane contrast removes the precipitate of lead phosphate it has not been possible to verify this as yet.

Alternative pulmonary artery reconstruction technique in the arterial switch operation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisayuki Hongu ◽  
Masaaki Yamagishi ◽  
Yoshinobu Maeda ◽  
Keiichi Itatani ◽  
Masatoshi Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Switch Operation ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Reconstruction Technique ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Arterial Switch ◽  
Switch Operation ◽  
Longitudinal Extension

Abstract OBJECTIVES Late complications of arterial switch operations (ASO) for transposition of the great arteries, such as neo-pulmonary artery (PA) stenosis and/or neoaortic regurgitation, have been reported. We developed an alternative reconstruction method called the longitudinal extension (LE) method to prevent PA bifurcation stenosis (PABS). METHODS We identified 48 patients diagnosed with transposition of the great arteries and performed ASO using the Lecompte manoeuvre for neo-PA reconstruction. In 9 consecutive patients (from 2014), the LE method was performed (LE). Before 2014, conventional techniques were performed in 39 patients (C). The median body weight and age in the LE and C groups were 3.0 and 3.1 kg and 12 and 26 days, respectively. In the LE group, 1 patient underwent bilateral PA banding before ASO. In C, PA banding and arch repair were performed in 1 patient each. Patients who received concomitant procedures were included. RESULTS The median follow-up in LE and C groups was 1.9 and 10.1 years, respectively. Early mortality/late death was not found in group LE and in 1 patient in group C. Only 1 case required ascending aorta sliding plasty in LE, and 8 patients needed PA augmentation for PABS in C. The median velocity of right/left PA was measured as 1.6/1.9 m/s in LE and 2.1/2.3 m/s in C, so it showed a lower value in LE. CONCLUSIONS Excellent mid-term results were obtained with the LE method. It was considered a useful procedure in preventing PABS, which is a primary late complication of ASO. Further follow-up and investigations are needed.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Outcomes and Complications of Totally Implantable Access Port Through the Internal Jugular Vein Versus the Subclavian Vein

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinobu Nagasawa ◽  
Tomoharu Shimizu ◽  
Hiromichi Sonoda ◽  
Eiji Mekata ◽  
Masato Wakabayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Subclavian Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Access Port

Abstract Totally implantable access ports (TIAPs) are generally used in oncology. Few studies have addressed complications associated with the insertion site. A total of 233 consecutive oncology patients were enrolled to receive TIAP inserts via internal jugular vein (IJV) or subclavian vein (SV). Data on clinicopathologic parameters and early/late complications were retrospectively collected. No differences were found early and late complication rates. Catheter injury was observed more frequently in the IJV group (2.9%) than in the SV group (1.0%) without statistical significance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, switch to palliative use of TIAP, and the distribution of diseases (low risk in patients with colorectal cancer) were independent risk factors for determining complications. In conclusion, TIAP insertion site showed no impact on the early and late complication rates. Catheter injury appears to occur at the same frequency with both approaches. Therefore, medical doctors may choose their preferred puncture site when performing TIAP insertion.

scholarly journals The possible mechanisms by which phanoside stimulates insulin secretion from rat islets

2007 ◽  
Vol 192 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Khanh Hoa ◽  
Åke Norberg ◽  
Rannar Sillard ◽  
Dao Van Phan ◽  
Nguyen Duy Thuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Insulin Release ◽  
Pertussis Toxin ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Gk Rat ◽  
Isolated Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Gk Rats ◽  
Rat Islets

We recently showed that phanoside, a gypenoside isolated from the plant Gynostemma pentaphyllum, stimulates insulin secretion from rat pancreatic islets. To study the mechanisms by which phanoside stimulates insulin secretion. Isolated pancreatic islets of normal Wistar (W) rats and spontaneously diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats were batch incubated or perifused. At both 3.3 and 16.7 mM glucose, phanoside stimulated insulin secretion several fold in both W and diabetic GK rat islets. In perifusion of W islets, phanoside (75 and 150 μM) dose dependently increased insulin secretion that returned to basal levels when phanoside was omitted. When W rat islets were incubated at 3.3 mM glucose with 150 μM phanoside and 0.25 mM diazoxide to keep K-ATP channels open, insulin secretion was similar to that in islets incubated in 150 μM phanoside alone. At 16.7 mM glucose, phanoside-stimulated insulin secretion was reduced in the presence of 0.25 mM diazoxide (P<0.01). In W islets depolarized by 50 mM KCl and with diazoxide, phanoside stimulated insulin release twofold at 3.3 mM glucose but did not further increase the release at 16.7 mM glucose. When using nimodipine to block L-type Ca2+ channels in B-cells, phanoside-induced insulin secretion was unaffected at 3.3 mM glucose but decreased at 16.7 mM glucose (P<0.01). Pretreatment of islets with pertussis toxin to inhibit exocytotic Ge-protein did not affect insulin response to 150 μM phanoside. Phanoside stimulated insulin secretion from Wand GK rat islets. This effect seems to be exerted distal to K-ATP channels and L-type Ca2+ channels, which is on the exocytotic machinery of the B-cells.

scholarly journals Pancreatic window and open necrosectomy; a surgical alternative for walled-off pancreatic necrosis in a second level hospital in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 4158
Author(s):  
Pedro A. Alvarado-Bahena ◽  
Enrique Chavez-Serna ◽  
Jonatan Salgado-Vives ◽  
Uraik F. Hernandez-Bustos ◽  
Dante A. Saldivar-Vera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Pancreatic Necrosis ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Open Necrosectomy ◽  
Level Hospital

Walled-off pancreatic necrosis is defined as a necrotic collection with a defined wall, which generally occurs in 15% of patients in the fourth week after acute pancreatitis. Actually, open surgery is reserved for selected cases, with minimally invasive treatments such as image-assisted percutaneous drainage or endoscopic ultrasound being the procedures of choice. However, in developing countries the open approach continues to be an effective therapeutic alternative. We present the case of a 47-year-old male patient with no significant history who developed severe acute pancreatitis secondary to hypertriglyceridemia and who later developed walled-off pancreatic necrosis as a late complication. As a treatment, a debridement of the necrotic tissue with marsupialization was performed using the bradley III technique, secondary to the procedure, a pancreatic fistula was developed. After 8 weeks of hospitalization, in which he had a favourable response to surgical treatment, with spontaneous closure of the fistula without complications. Surgical management of late complications of acute pancreatitis remains controversial. Although minimally invasive procedures are the first option nowadays, in developing countries, open necrosectomy remains a good option for the treatment of these types of complications.

Sequential Morphological Changes in Pancreatic Islets of Spontaneously Diabetic Rats

Pancreas ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
César L. A. Gómez Dumm ◽  
Maria C. Semino ◽  
Juan Jose Gagliardino
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Diabetic Rats

scholarly journals Long-term effects of glucose on insulin release and glucose oxidation by mouse pancreatic islets maintained in tissue culture

1974 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Insulin Release ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Extracellular Glucose Concentration ◽  
Extracellular Glucose ◽  
Mouse Pancreatic Islets

Rates of glucose oxidation and insulin release in response to a wide range of glucose concentrations were studied in short-term experiments in isolated mouse pancreatic islets maintained in tissue culture for 6 days at either a physiological glucose concentration (6.7mm) or at a high glucose concentration (28mm). The curves relating glucose oxidation or insulin release to the extracellular glucose concentration obtained with islets cultured in 6.7mm-glucose displayed a sigmoid shape similar to that observed for freshly isolated non-cultured islets. By contrast islets that had been cultured in 28mm-glucose showed a linear relationship between the rate of glucose oxidation and the extracellular glucose concentration up to about 8mm-glucose. The maximal oxidative rate was twice that of the non-cultured islets and the glucose concentration associated with the half-maximal rate considerably decreased. In islets cultured at 28mm-glucose there was only a small increase in the insulin release in response to glucose, probably due to a depletion of stored insulin in those B cells that had been cultured in a high-glucose medium. It is concluded that exposure of B cells for 6 days to a glucose concentration comparable with that found in diabetic individuals causes adaptive metabolic alterations rather than degeneration of these cells.

scholarly journals Right lumbar abscess containing a gallstone—an unexpected late complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Marçal ◽  
Ricardo Vaz Pereira ◽  
Ana Monteiro ◽  
José Dias ◽  
António Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Gallbladder Perforation ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
Symptomatic Gallstones ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gallstone Spillage ◽  
Saline Lavage

Abstract During laparoscopic cholecystectomy, gallbladder perforation may occur leading to gallstone spillage and despite being rare, early or late complications may therefore develop. We report a case of a 79-year-old female, with a past medical history of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy 3 years earlier for symptomatic gallstones, admitted in the emergency department with a subcutaneous right lumbar abscess confirmed by computed tomography. Emergent abscess surgical drainage was performed and a gallstone was identified during saline lavage. Postoperative evolution was unremarkable and follow-up within a year was uneventful. Split gallstones due to gallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be retrieved in order to reduce future complications.

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