scholarly journals Viral Hepatitis C (HCV) in Hemodialysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Seba Atmane
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Dual Therapy ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Virologic Response ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Early Virologic Response ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Transmission

The aim of the study is to show the prevalence and risk factors of HCV at our hemodialysis (HD) center , in a study carried out on chronic hemodialysis patients during the year 2019, we identified eight cases out of 87 patients infected with HCV, or 9%. The average age in this population is 48 years, dialysed for an average of 15 years. Viral infection was discovered on average 12.5 years after the start of hemodialysis, during a routine screening examination. In this series, the genotype 1b was found in 2 cases (25%). Seven patients were treated out of the eight HCV hemodialysis patients, received dual therapy with sofosbuvir 400mg and daclar 60 mg for three months, with an early virologic response. A study done during a previous period, between 2015 and 2018, in the same center, looking at the risk factors for HCV transmission: 11 cases out of 134 hemodialysis patients infected with HCV. Among these cases, we noted the following factors; Blood transfusion: 3 cases (27.2%), surgery: 4 cases (45.4%), dental care: 2 cases (18%), no obvious cause: 2 cases (9%). Serologically ; HCV antibodies positive: 11/134, i.e. an 8.2% seroprevalence, PCR-viral RNA was positive in 10 out of 11 patients, i.e. a prevalence of 7.4% by PCR, number of copies: Above 1.03x 1, 000,000 (100%), number of Logs: Sup to 3.32 (100%), negative PCR: 01 patient.

PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION IN HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS: TESTING ANTIBODIES, RNA AND GENOTYPES

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Al-Kubaisy ◽  
Nor Aini Mohd Noor ◽  
Nik Shamsidah Nik Ibrahim ◽  
Usama Al-Nasirie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Seropositive Rate ◽  
Hcv Transmission

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important global public health problem affecting approximately 180 million people. Multiple risk factors are associated with HCV transmission among haemodialysis (HD) patients leading to an increased risk for liver-related mortality. Patients undergoing HD may show a decreased humoral and cellular immunity, which lowers the sensitivity of the HCV antibodies (Abs) test resulting in false negative antibody test, thus requiring HCV RNA testing. Our study is to determine the prevalence of HCV markers (antibody RNA and genotype) and risk factors of HCV infection among patients in HD unit in Baghdad. A sample of 54 patients were interviewed. HCV Abs (anti-HCV) was tested using third generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA-3) and immunoblot assay (Lia-Tek III) as screening and confirmatory test respectively. Sera of 46 patients (irrespective to anti-HCV results) were subjected to molecular analysis, using the most developed RT-PCR and DNA Enzyme immunoassay (DEIA) method. Seropositive rate of anti-HCV and HCV-RNA were (66.6%) and (60.9%) respectively. Anti-HCV seropositive rate was significantly higher in males (77.1%), and history of blood transfusion (85%). Blood transfusion acts as a significant risk for acquiring HCV (OR 44.2, 95% CI 7.6-256.9). Genotype 4 was the most prevalent (33.3%), followed by genotype 1a (25.9%) and genotype 1b (22.2%). We concluded that, the prevalence of HCV among the haemodialysis patients is high. It is significantly related to gender, duration of dialysis and number of blood transfusion. Blood transfusion acts as a significant risk factor. Molecular test for detection for HCV RNA is necessary and proper nosocomial prevention program should be implemented to prevent HCV transmission.

Mode of hepatitis C infection not associated with blood transfusion among chronic hemodialysis patients

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunio Okuda ◽  
Haruyuki Hayashi ◽  
Susumu Kobayashi ◽  
Yasubumi Irie
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection

scholarly journals Non invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic hemodialysis patients with viral hepatitis C

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Arrayhani ◽  
Tarik Sqalli ◽  
Nada Tazi ◽  
Randa El Youbi ◽  
Safae Chaouch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infections among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Single-Centre Study in Somalia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohamed Osman Omar Jeele ◽  
Rukia Omar Barei Addow ◽  
Faduma Nur Adan ◽  
Liban Hassan Jimale
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Introduction. Hemodialysis patients have the highest risk for developing hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) than the general population. There is no study available for HBV and HCV in this population in Somalia. The main objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors of HBV and HCV infections among hemodialysis patients in Somalia. Methods. A cross-sectional assessment of hemodialysis patients from January 2021 to June 2021 was used in this study. 220 patients were included in this study. Age, sex, duration of hemodialysis, number of hemodialysis sessions per week, history of blood transfusion, HbsAg, and anti-HCV antibodies were examined. Results. Out of the 220 patients, males were predominant (113 (51.4%)). The mean age of the participants was 52.70. The prevalence of HBV was 7.3% (16 respondents), while the prevalence of HCV was 3.2% (7 respondents). 1 respondent (0.5%) had both HBV and HCV. There is a positive correlation between the duration of hemodialysis and the prevalence of HBV and HCV (r(218) = 0.298, p value <0.001), blood transfusion and prevalence of HBV and HCV (r(218) = 0.347, p value <0.001), and the number of hemodialysis sessions per week and prevalence of HBV and HCV (r(218) = 0.402, p value <0.001). The regression model of the combined predictors of history of blood transfusion, duration of hemodialysis, and number of dialysis sessions per week is R2 = 0.25, which indicates a 25% variance in the prevalence of HBV and HCV with a significance of F (3,216) = 23.67, p < 0 .001 . Conclusions. The prevalence of HBV and HCV among hemodialysis patients in this study was 7.3% and 3.2%, respectively. 0.5% of the respondents had both HBV and HCV. History of blood transfusion, duration of hemodialysis, and number of hemodialysis sessions per week appear to have a strong correlation with the prevalence of HBV and HCV.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors for Transmission and Genotype of HCV in Iraqi Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Khalid Abdulla Al-Khazraji ◽  
Wissam Khudhair Abbas ◽  
Safiya Khalid Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Dental Procedure ◽  
Hcv Transmission ◽  
Genotype Ii

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a serious public health problem in the world, and about 170 million patients are chronically infected with HCV. Worldwide; different epidemiologic patterns of HCV infection have been identified. AIM OF THE STUDY: By this study, we try to know the prevalence and risk factors for HCV transmission in Iraqi patients and genotype distribution of the disease. PATIENTS &amp; METHODS: In a cross sectional study of 355898 persons, 232645 males &amp; 123253 females; had been enrolled for the study in Baghdad teaching hospital, Iraqi blood bank, Al-Yarmouk teaching hospital, Al-Nu&#39;man teaching&nbsp; Hospital and Al-Basrah teaching hospital from February 2017 to February 2019. Positive patients for hepatitis C antibody were further studied for way of transmission and viral load and genotype. History had been taken about the possible risk factor for HCV transmission which included (15) risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 355898 persons, 232645 males &amp; 123253 females their Mean age at diagnosis was 47.3 (&plusmn; 15.6) years, Ranged (19&ndash;78) years. The mean body mass index (BMI) of the study sample was 22.9 (&plusmn; 3) kg/m2, studied all screen for hepatitis C antibody 1155 discovered to be positive 650 were males and 505 were females, further study done for viral load in 746 patients and genotype in 633 patients: 356 (48%) with high viral load, 390 (52%)with low viral load and 345 (52.8%) with genotype V and 301 (46.2%) with genotype IV, while genotype II was 2 (0.3%) and III 7 (0.5%), The most common possible ways of transmission of the disease by history in this study was blood transfusion 53%, dental procedure 42%, hemodialysis 36%, caesarean section 34.5%, while injured male during shaving 33%, patient who have surgical operation 24%, Tattooing in 8%, cupping in 6.6%, IV injection in 4% heterosexual seen in 2%, renal transplant in 2%, and only 1% in needle stick injury. while the more frequent genotype is 1 then 4. Hemodialysis and improper use of IV medication had been found to be more significant in HCV male patients .The relation between possible risk factor for transmission of HCV and residence, viral load were not significant. CONCLUSION: The most common probable risk factors as single risk factor for the male was blood transfusion, and for female was caesarean section. While for two risk factors for male were Blood transfusion and Hemodialysis and for female were Caesarean section &amp; Dental procedure and for both gender were hemodialysis &amp; dental procedure. While for three risk factors for both gender were surgery, barbers, and dental procedure. In our study we had found the prevalence of HCV in our Iraqi big sample was relatively low. The most common genotype was genotype I then genotype IV with rarity of genotype III 0 and genotype II.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Genotypes in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients in Kinshasa: Prevalence and Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Muna Ngilibuma ◽  
Vieux Momeme Mokoli ◽  
Yannick Mayamba Nlandu ◽  
Yannick Mompango Engole ◽  
Cedric Kabemba Ilunga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Genotype 4 ◽  
Genotype 2

Abstract IntroductionThe steady increase in the number of chronic hemodialysis patients in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) calls for improved management of those patients. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the prevalent genotypes and the risk factors associated with HCV in hemodialysis patients in Kinshasa (DR Congo). MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted from February to June 2018 in all hemodialysis centers in Kinshasa. Blood samples were collected from 127 chronic hemodialysis patients and tested for the presence of antibodies against HCV. The HCV genotype was identified by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR). ResultsTwenty-two (17.3 %) patients were anti-HCV positive, ranging from 0 % to 52.9 % in different centers. Genotype 4 was detected in 18/22 (81.8 %), followed by genotype 2 in 2/22 (9.1%), and both genotypes 2 and 4 in one patient (4.5%). One patient had an undetermined genotype (4.5 %). Having received at least 4 transfusions [7,21 (1,09-10,61); p=0.040)], not being under EPO treatment [5,81(1,47-12,96); p=0.012)], being on hemodialysis for at least 14 months [3,63(1,60-5,05); p=0.035)]and being dialyzed in an overloaded center [2,06(0,83-5,86); p=0.073)] were associated with a greater risk of HCV infection.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of strategies to prevent HCV infection in hemodialysis patients in Kinshasa. This issue is important for SSA countries which are facing several economic and logistical challenges.

scholarly journals Influence of Tattoo Ink on Hepatitis C Virus Infectiousness

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Behrendt ◽  
Janina Brüning ◽  
Daniel Todt ◽  
Eike Steinmann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Abuse ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Hcv Transmission

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a blood-borne virus and is most frequently transmitted through large or repeated direct percutaneous exposures to infected blood. The 2 most common exposures associated with transmission of HCV are blood transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. The association between HCV transmission and other suspected risk factors such as tattooing is more controversial. Although HCV can survive for days to weeks in suspension or on inanimate surfaces, its stability in tattooing supplies remains elusive. Here, we analyzed the influence of tattoo ink on HCV infectiousness.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Genotypic Distribution and the associated Risk Factors of Hepatitis C Infection in Pakistan Pediatric Patients

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Numan ◽  
Mateen Jabbar ◽  
Aizza Zafar ◽  
Humera Javed ◽  
Sonia Younas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hcv Transmission ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genotype 3A

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important contributor to chronic morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The study’s objective was to determine the genotype distribution and risk factors associated with the transmission of HCV infections in pediatric patients. Rapid screening and confirmation by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to analyze 585 pediatric blood specimens hospitalized and visited the outpatient department of the largest tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Detection and genotyping of HCV RNA were performed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Demographic data and a history of risk factors were gathered through a survey questionnaire. HCV RNA was detected in 323 (72.4%) cases which showed viral load ranging from Log10 IU/mL < 3 to > 6 IU/mL. HCV genotype 3a was detected in 256 (79.3%) cases while type 3b and 1a was observed in 36 (11.1%) and 31 (9.6%) patients, respectively. HCV positivity was significantly associated with the cases from rural areas [p = 0.005; odds ratio (OR) 1.65; 95% CI 1.16-2.23] and also significantly associated with low-income group [p < 0.001; OR 5.75; 95% CI 3.90-8.40]. The primary risk factors associated with HCV transmission in children were family history (p = 0.002), blood transfusion (p = 0.03), surgical procedures (p = 0.02), and history of injections (p = 0.05). HCV genotype 3a is the most common genotype in children. The main risk factors for HCV transmission in children are blood transfusion, surgical procedures, and injection practices by informal health care providers.

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