Оptimization of thermal stabilization of soils applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
E. A. Poskonina ◽  
A. N. Kurchatova
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
First Principle ◽  
Soil Base ◽  
Permafrost Ground ◽  
Thermal Influence ◽  
Forecast Modeling

To provide the first principle of usage the permafrost ground as the base it is necessary to design methods that eliminate or decrease structures thermal influence on permafrost.Usually choosing thermal stabilization solutions the task is to ensure foundation reliability on permafrost but also decrease the construction and operation expenses due to optimization of adopted decisions. Forecast modeling of soil bases temperature regime is required for this. Analysis of norms and standards showed the absence of standardized requirements to the calculations algorithm.The article is devoted to the main problems of forecast modeling of soil base temperature regime and mistakes in selecting of thermal stabilization solutions. We give the examples of optimization of thermal stabilization solutions. Also, we determine the ways to solve the identified problems; these include typification of engineering and geocryological conditions, typification of structures by intensity of thermal influence, selecting of optimal thermal stabilization solutions for each type, standard elaboration of making forecast modeling of soil base temperature regime.

scholarly journals Designing problems of oil fields infrustructre in the Arctic under the climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Elena A. Poskonina ◽  
Anna N. Kurchatova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Gas Fields ◽  
Forecast Modeling

Background. Designing problems of oil fields infrastructure in the Arctic under climate change, namely, applying of temperature coefficient when calculating bearing capacity, heaving of lightly loaded foundations, optimization of thermal stabilization solutions are presented in the article. Aim. To change the strategy for designing foundations on permafrost by choosing the worst soil conditions to the implementation of an invariant matrix for designing and construction of soil bases and foundations considering specifics of industrial facilities of oil and gas fields based on unified numerical calculations (regulations). Materials and methods. An overview of the current regulatory requirements to the design of foundations on permafrost is made. The analysis of forecast modeling of the temperature of soil bases of typical industrial facilities of oil and gas fields to justify design solutions and also the use of thermal stabilization systems is done. Results. It is proposed to develop a regional directory of weather stations with long observation period based on updated climate data to decrease the volume of designing work and the amount of mistakes in applying of thermal stabilization systems. It is necessary to create regional dynamic models of permafrost geosystems, implement forecast modeling of seasonal thawing potential depth and frozen ground temperature in natural landscapes on the base of geotechnical monitoring data and select adaptation methods to existing or expecting climate change trends. Conclusions. Regulations on designing and construction of soil bases and foundations on permafrost considering specifics of industrial facilities of oil and gas fields is an effective solution. It allows moving on the strategy implementation of uniform approaches to oil fields development on permafrost: from designing for every structure on the base of typical solutions and results of engineering surveys to invariant matrix of project solutions.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DATA ON THE DURATION OF FIRE EXPOSURE BEFORE REACHING THE CRITICAL TEMPERATURE STEEL OBTAINED FOR SAMPLES STANDARDIZED AND SAMPLE SIZE REDUCTION FROM FIREPROOF MATERIALS "ENDOTERM 400202" AND "ENDOTERM 210104"

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
S Novak ◽  
V Drizhd ◽  
O Dobrostan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Fire Exposure ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Standard Temperature ◽  
Thermal Influence ◽  
In Fire

The results of the determination of the convergence of experimental data on the duration of fire exposure under the standard temperature regime until the critical temperature of steel obtained for standardized samples (columns) and samples of reduced sizes (plates) with the use of the reactive fireproof material "Endoterm 400202", flowing under the thermal influence in fire conditions, and passive fireproof material (plates) «Endoterm 210104». It has been established that the deviation of the values of the duration of fire exposure to achievement the critical temperature of steel, determined for samples of reduced sizes, from the experimental data obtained on standardized samples, is, on average,–9,5% and 4,7% for reactive and passive fireproof materials, respectively. In this case, for a reactive fireproof material the value of this deviation is  in  the range from -24,0 % to 17,6 %, and most of it (93 %) has negative values (the duration of fire exposure until the critical temperature of steel, determined for most samples reduced sizes does not exceed the experimental data obtained for standardized samples). For a passive  fireproof material, the values of deviation are in the range from -24,7 % to 23,1 %, and most of them (75 %) have positive values (the duration of fire exposure until the critical temperature of steel, determined for most samples of reduced sizes, exceeds the experimental data obtained for standardized samples). The average deviation is 12,1 % and 10,8 %, respectively, for reactive and passive fireproof materials. A regularity is established regarding the dependence of the deviation value of the critical temperature of steel. For a reactive fireproof material, with a increase of the critical temperature from 350 °C to 450 °C (and in some samples – up to 500 °C or more) the deviation decreases. With a further increase of this temperature, the deviation increases (up to temperature of 650 °C), and then decreases. For a passive fireproof material with an increase of the critical temperature from 350 °C to 500 °C (and in some samples – up to 550 °C or more) the deviation increases. With a further increase of this temperature the value of the deviation decreases.

Symbiotic Stars at Optical, Infrared and Radio Wavelengths

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 125-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Type Star ◽  
Stellar Systems ◽  
Symbiotic Stars ◽  
Lower Excitation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Original Type

No paper of this nature should begin without a definition of symbiotic stars. It was Paul Merrill who, borrowing on his botanical background, coined the termsymbioticto describe apparently single stellar systems which combine the TiO absorption of M giants (temperature regime ≲ 3500 K) with He II emission (temperature regime ≳ 100,000 K). He and Milton Humason had in 1932 first drawn attention to three such stars: AX Per, CI Cyg and RW Hya. At the conclusion of the Mount Wilson Ha emission survey nearly a dozen had been identified, and Z And had become their type star. The numbers slowly grew, as much because the definition widened to include lower-excitation specimens as because new examples of the original type were found. In 1970 Wackerling listed 30; this was the last compendium of symbiotic stars published.

Section 4.a Introduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia PIZZOCARO ◽  
Pınar KAYGAN ◽  
HARMAN Kerry ◽  
Erik BOHEMIA
Keyword(s):  
Social Problems ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Child Poverty ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Design Council

Co-design is a process in which designers and users collaborate as ‘equals’ to develop innovative solutions. Co-design methods are increasingly used by professional designers to facilitate and enable users to co-develop innovative solutions for ‘themselves’. For example, the Design Council is advocating the use of co-design methods to support the development of practical innovative solutions to social problems such as increased cost of elderly care and tackling child poverty. The involvement of users in developing solutions acknowledges that their take up is dependent on the ways users create and negotiate meanings of objects and services.

Design as an Agent for Public Policy Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico VAZ ◽  
Sharon PRENDEVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Policy Innovation ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Policy Effectiveness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Dependent Activity ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Context Dependent

Described as units developing public policies in a design-oriented manner, Policy Labs are tasked to innovate to gain in policy effectiveness and efficiency. However, as public policymaking is a context-dependent activity, the way in which these novel organisations operate significantly differs. This study discusses the emergence of design approaches for policy innovation. The purpose is to map how Policy Labs in Europe introduce design approaches at distinct stages of the policymaking cycle. For this study, 30 organisations in Europe operating at various levels of government were surveyed. Based on the public policymaking process model, it investigates which design methods are Policy Labs deploying to innovate public policies. The study exposed a gap in the awareness of the utilised methods' nature. It also showed that the use of design methods is of less importance than the introduction of design mindsets for public policy innovation, namely ‘user-centredness’, ‘co-creation’, and ‘exploration’.

Developments in design methods

PCI Journal ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
H. Rusch
Keyword(s):  
Design Methods
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