Jewish Space and the Beschneidungsdebatte in Germany

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay (Koby) Oppenheim
Keyword(s):  
Male Circumcision ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
European Development ◽  
Jewish Practice

The concept of Jewish space, initially conceived by Diana Pinto as a unique European development, marked a critical shift in relations between Jews and non-Jews, the latter embracing a Jewish past as constitutive of their countries' own. The hoped-for European multiculturalism failed to blossom and Jewish space, in Pinto's assessment, has not born the fruit of its potential. To investigate the shortfall of Jewish space, this article examines the 2012 debate on ritual male circumcision in Germany (Beschneidungsdebatte) that drew contemporary Jewish practice into the public eye. Pinto's formulation is premised on a multicultural society that actively works to blunt intolerance, a condition whose fulfilment in contemporary Europe remains incomplete and uneven. Moreover, this attempt to extend the integration of history into memory was stymied by its lack of a living subject. While Jews constitute a long-standing minority population with a unique history in Germany, their success in establishing a shared Jewish space is tied to the broader project of tolerance and integration facing immigrant and minority groups in Western Europe.

scholarly journals TOLERANCE, MULTICULTURALISM AND INTERCULTURALISM IN THE BALKANS

2019 ◽  
pp. 001
Author(s):  
Dragan Todorović
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Multicultural Community ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Crucial Characteristic

A multicultural society should possess the characteristics of a society in which different ethnic groups live together but with no interaction. The minority groups living therein are passively tolerated without being accepted by the majority group. An intercultural society should be defined as a society in which different groups live together and exchange their life experiences with mutual respect for their different styles of life and values. That is why a correct starting definition of interculturalism would be that interculturalism is a critique and an alternative to multiculturalism. It is possible for the members of different cultures to live close to each other and that is the most crucial characteristic of multicultural societies. An intercultural society represents a society in which we live and create not close to each other but with each other and for each other.Accordingly, the contemporary Balkan society is facing the process of its transition from the multicultural into the intercultural one, that is, the process of spreading and adopting the idea and practice of interculturalism in a multicultural community. More precisely, this implies the development of the concept of a cultural and educational policy that would foster appreciation of cultural diversity and lead to the creation of a society in which different cultures interpenetrate.At the end of the paper the measures of the public cultural politics of the Balkan countries aiming at improvement and advancement of the existing intercultural dialogue are summed up.

Judy Jaffe-Schagen, Having and Belonging: Homes and Museums in Israel. New York: Berghahn Books, 2016. x + 221 pp.

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Ethiopian Jews ◽  
State Of Israel

This chapter reviews the book Having and Belonging: Homes and Museums in Israel (2016), by Judy Jaffe-Schagen. In Having and Belonging, Jaffe-Schagen explores the connection between identity, material culture, and location. Focusing on eight cases involving Chabad, religious Zionists, Moroccan Jews, Iraqi Jews, Ethiopian Jews, Russian Jews, Christian Arabs, and Muslim Arabs, the book shows how various minority groups in Israel are represented through objects and material culture in homes and museums. According to Jaffe-Schagen, in the politicized cultural landscape of borderless Israel, location not only affects the interplay between objects and people but can also provide important insights about citizenship. Her main argument is that the nation-state of Israel is not a multicultural society because it has failed to serve as a cultural “melting pot” for the various immigration groups.

Tolerance and Accommodation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori G. Beaman
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Public Sphere

This chapter problematizes the notions and language of tolerance and accommodation in relation to religious diversity, and traces their genealogy both as legal solutions and as discursive frameworks within which religious diversity is increasingly understood in the public sphere. The problem they pose is that they create a hierarchy of privilege that preserves hegemonic power relations by religious majorities over religious minorities. Tolerance in this context might be imagined as the broadly stated value that we must deal with diversity and those who are different from us by tolerating them. Accommodation might be seen as the implementation of this value—that in order to demonstrate our commitment to tolerance we must accommodate the ‘demands’ of minority groups and those individuals who position themselves or align themselves with minorities.

scholarly journals Abundant Citizen Science Data Reveal That the Peacock Butterfly Aglais io Recently Became Bivoltine in Belgium

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Marc Herremans ◽  
Karin Gielen ◽  
Jos Van Kerckhoven ◽  
Pieter Vanormelingen ◽  
Wim Veraghtert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Science Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Online Portal ◽  
Spring Generation ◽  
Reproductive Cycles ◽  
New Generation

The peacock butterfly is abundant and widespread in Europe. It is generally believed to be univoltine (one generation per year): adults born in summer overwinter and reappear again in spring to reproduce. However, recent flight patterns in western Europe mostly show three peaks during the year: a first one in spring (overwintering butterflies), a second one in early summer (offspring of the spring generation), and a third one in autumn. It was thus far unclear whether this autumn flight peak was a second new generation or consisted of butterflies flying again in autumn after a summer rest (aestivation). The life cycle of one of Europe’s most common butterflies is therefore still surprisingly inadequately understood. We used hundreds of thousands of observations and thousands of pictures submitted by naturalists from the public to the online portal observation.orgin Belgium and analyzed relations between flight patterns, condition (wear), reproductive cycles, peak abundances, and phenology to clarify the current life history. We demonstrate that peacocks have shifted towards two new generations per year in recent decades. Mass citizen science data in online portals has become increasingly important in tracking the response of biodiversity to rapid environmental changes such as climate change.

Administrative Traditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Guy Peters
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
North America ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Administrative Behavior ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Bureaucracy ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
And Function

Contemporary public administration reflects its historical roots as well as contemporary ideas about how the public bureaucracy should be organized and function. This book argues that there are administrative traditions that have their roots centuries ago but continue to influence administrative behavior. Further, within Western Europe, North America, and the Antipodes there are four administrative traditions: Anglo-American, Napoleonic, Germanic, and Scandinavian. These are not the only traditions however, and the book also explores administrative traditions in Central and Eastern Europe, Latin America, Asia, and the Islamic world. In addition there is a discussion of how administrative traditions of the colonial powers influenced contemporary administration in Africa. These discussions of tradition and persistence also are discussed in light of the numerous attempts to reform and change public administration.

Secular–Religious Competition and the Exclusion of Islam from the Public Sphere: Islamic Welfare in Western Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Kortmann
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Service Delivery ◽  
Religious Competition ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Islamic Organizations

AbstractThis paper deals in a qualitative discourse analysis with the role of Islamic organizations in welfare delivery in Germany and the Netherlands. Referring to Jonathan Fox's “secular–religious competition perspective”, the paper argues that similar trends of exclusion of Islamic organizations from public social service delivery can be explained with discourses on Islam in these two countries. The analysis, first, shows that in the national competitions between religious and secular ideologies on the public role of religion, different views are dominant (i.e., the support for the Christian majority in Germany and equal treatment of all religions in the Netherlands) which can be traced back to the respective regimes of religious governance. However, and second, when it comes to Islam in particular, in the Netherlands, the perspective of restricting all religions from public sphere prevails which leads to the rather exclusivist view on Islamic welfare that dominates in Germany, too.

scholarly journals Analisis Semiotika tentang Penggambaran Orang Pedalaman pada Film Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Maria Rosalia ◽  
Nanang Krisdinanto ◽  
Brigitta Revia Sandy Fiesta
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ferdinand De Saussure

This study was conducted to see the depiction of inland people who became minorities in Indonesian films. Since the 2000s, Indonesian films have tended to portray minorities as a group that still lags behind. This is seen from the two film categories selected in this study, namely educational and social-themed films. This study was conducted to see how inland people were described using Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotic method. As a knife of analysis will be used the concept of blackness developed by Ed Guerrero to see aspects of behavior, intelligence, and emotions of the minority groups depicted in the film. The films analyzed are Sokola Rimba and Lost in Papua. The results showed that Indonesian films with the theme of education and social always attached minorities with the impression of being stupid, primitive and backward. In the category of behavior (behavior), inland people tend to be displayed close to backwardness (primitive) or evil. While intelligent (intelligence), they are described as having low intelligence or stupid, and emotionally (emotionally) are described as people close to violence and unable to find a solution if a problem occurs. Such images can form prejudices in the minds of the public, which then crystallize into stereotypes that are considered true.Kajian ini dilakukan untuk melihat penggambaran orang pedalaman yang menjadi kaum minoritas dalam Film-film Indonesia. Sejak tahun 2000-an, film-film Indonesia memiliki kecenderungan menggambarkan kaum minoritas sebagai kelompok yang masih tertinggal. Hal ini dilihat dari dua kategori film yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini, yakni film bertema pendidikan dan sosial. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk melihat bagaimana orang-orang pedalaman digambarkan dengan menggunakan metode semiotika milik Ferdinand de Saussure. Sebagai pisau analisis akan digunakan konsep blackness yang dikembangkan Ed Guerrero untuk melihat aspek perilaku, kecerdasan, dan emosi dari kelompok minoritas yang digambarkan dalam film. Film yang dianalisis adalah Sokola Rimba dan Lost in Papua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, film Indonesia yang bertema pendidikan dan sosial selalu melekatkan kaum minoritas dengan kesan bodoh, primitif dan terbelakang. Dalam kategori tingkah laku (behavior), orang-orang pedalaman cenderung ditampilkan dekat dengan keterbelakangan (primitif) atau jahat. Sementara secara intelligent (kecerdasan), mereka digambarkan memiliki kecerdasan rendah atau bodoh, dan secara emotional (emosi) digambarkan sebagai orang-orang dekat dengan kekerasan dan tidak mampu mencari penyelesaian jika terjadi persoalan. Gambaran-gambaran seperti ini bisa membentuk prasangka di benak khalayak, yang kemudian mengkristal menjadi stereotip yang dianggap benar.

scholarly journals When Human Rights are not Enough

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Joeni Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Fellow Citizen ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Human Rights Act ◽  
The Law

Juridically, there have been quite a lot of legal instruments existing in Indonesia to protect human rights. These legal instruments include the Indonesian Constitution, which has special articles regulating about human rights, the Human Rights Act (the Law Number 39 of 1999), the National Commission for Human Rights, etc. Thus, normatively, all those legal instruments should be adequate to protect human rights in Indonesia, including the protection of the minority groups. However, the facts don’t seem in line with such expectation. There have been a lot of cases happened in Indonesia that bring this country into a serious question in its ability to protect the minority groups. The persecutions over the Ahmadiyah and Shia sects, the rejections against non-Muslim worship place establishments, and as the most recent one, the case of Jakarta’s governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, are some of the long sad stories showing how Indonesia is really poor in its performance to protect the minority groups. Identity politics and even a sentiment of racism are re-escalating in Indonesia today, which seems affirming the research findings got by the Wahid Foundation showing that 59.9% of 1520 of respondents from 34 provinces in Indonesia said that they have hatred towards some groups of their fellow citizen, such as those who are non-Muslims, Chinese-descents, communists, etc (Hakim 2016). Among this 59,9% respondents, 92,2% of them said that they highly oppose a person coming from those groups to become a governmental leader, and 82,4% of this people even said that they don’t want to have a neighbor coming from those groups (Hakim 2016). Such re-emergence of identity politics and sentiment of racism, as well as a frightening fact of hatred among people, really give a serious question about why all the human rights instruments which already exist in Indonesia seem to fail in preventing all those things to happen. In this article, I will show my hypothesis that all that sad news that happened in Indonesia in regard to the minority group protection are due to the failure of multiculturalism approach implemented in Indonesia so far. Thus, I will also propose the interculturalism approach to be implemented in Indonesia as the critique and refinement of multiculturalism approach in dealing with the multicultural society, including in regard to the minority groups protection.

PP106 Twenty Years Of Orphan Medicines Regulation: Have Treatments Reached Patients In Need Across Europe And Canada?

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (S1) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Nadine Henderson ◽  
Phill O'Neill ◽  
Martina Garau
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Marketing Authorization ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Public ◽  
Orphan Medicinal Products ◽  
Medicines Regulation ◽  
Canadian Provinces

IntroductionThe European Union regulation for orphan medicinal products (OMPs) was introduced to improve the quality of treatments for patients with rare conditions. To mark 20 years of European Union OMP regulation, this study compared access to OMPs and the length of their reimbursement process in a set of European countries and Canadian provinces. Access refers to their full or partial reimbursement by the public health service.MethodsData were collated on European Medicines Agency orphan designation and marketing authorizations, health technology assessment (HTA) decisions and reimbursement decisions, and the respective dates of these events for all the OMPs centrally authorized in 14 European countries (Belgium, England, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Scotland, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland) and four Canadian provinces (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec).ResultsSince the implementation of the OMPs Regulation in 2000, 215 OMPs obtained marketing authorization. We found that Germany had the highest level of coverage, with 91 percent of OMPs being reimbursed. The three countries with the lowest reimbursement rates were Poland, Hungary, and Norway (below 30%). We observed that Germany had the quickest time to reimbursement following marketing authorization, followed by Switzerland and Scotland. We observed that Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia consistently had the longest time to reimbursement.ConclusionsWe observed substantial variation in the levels and speed of national reimbursement of OMPs, particularly when comparing countries in Eastern and Western Europe, which suggests that an equity gap between the regions may be present. The data also indicated a trend toward faster times to reimbursement over the past 10 years.

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