scholarly journals Underground waterlines

Focaal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (84) ◽  
pp. 33-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denys Gorbach
Keyword(s):  
Macro Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Economic Boom ◽  
Labor Hoarding ◽  
Large Enterprises

In order to explore factors conditioning the political quietude of Ukrainian labor, this article analyzes ethnographic data collected at two large enterprises: the Kyiv Metro and the privatized electricity supplier Kyivenergo. Focusing on a recent labor conflict, I unpack various contexts condensed in it. I analyze the hegemonic configuration developed in the early 1990s, at the workplace and at the macro level, and follow its later erosion. Th is configuration has been based on labor hoarding, distribution of nonwage resources, and patronage networks, featuring the foreman as the nodal figure. On the macro scale, it relied on the mediation by unions, supported by resources accumulated during the Soviet era and the economic boom of the 2000s. The depletion of these resources has spelled the ongoing crisis of this configuration.

Underground waterlines

Focaal ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Denys Gorbach
Keyword(s):  
Macro Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Economic Boom ◽  
Labor Hoarding ◽  
Large Enterprises

In order to explore factors conditioning the political quietude of Ukrainian labor, this article analyzes ethnographic data collected at two large enterprises: the Kyiv Metro and the privatized electricity supplier Kyivenergo. Focusing on a recent labor conflict, I unpack various contexts condensed in it. I analyze the hegemonic configuration developed in the early 1990s, at the workplace and at the macro level, and follow its later erosion. This configuration has been based on labor hoarding, distribution of nonwage resources, and patronage networks, featuring the foreman as the nodal figure. On the macro scale, it relied on the mediation by unions, supported by resources accumulated during the Soviet era and the economic boom of the 2000s. The depletion of these resources has spelled the ongoing crisis of this configuration.

The Political Economy of the Profitability Crisis in Britain

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-68
Author(s):  
Jack Copley
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Currency Crises ◽  
Financial Liberalization ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
High Inflation ◽  
Current Account Imbalances ◽  
Economic Boom ◽  
Acute Crisis

This chapter provides a historical overview of the profitability crisis that undermined the postwar economic boom, gave rise to the phenomenon of stagflation, and ultimately drove the financial liberalizations explored in this book. This chapter puts forward a novel historical categorization of British stagflation, by identifying two distinct phases within Britain’s experience of the global profitability crisis. The first, from 1967 to 1977, was characterized by low rates of profit, rising inflation, and repeated current account imbalances that resulted in currency crises. The second, from 1977 to 1983, still saw low profitability and high inflation, but the rising price of sterling ensured that there were no sterling crises. The chapter then details how governments combined governing strategies of depoliticized discipline and palliation in different ways during these two periods of acute crisis in order to navigate the contradictory imperatives of global competitiveness and domestic legitimacy. Policies of financial liberalization constituted attempts to support these strategies.

scholarly journals Homogenization of trabecular structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
pp. 00041
Author(s):  
Tomáš Krejčí ◽  
Aleš Jíra ◽  
Luboš Řehounek ◽  
Michal Šejnoha ◽  
Jaroslav Kruis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Effective Properties ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Truss Structures ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Scale Problem ◽  
Meso Level ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Multi Scale Analysis

Numerical modeling of implants and specimens made from trabecular structures can be difficult and time-consuming. Trabecular structures are characterized as spatial truss structures composed of beams. A detailed discretization using the finite element method usually leads to a large number of degrees of freedom. It is attributed to the effort of creating a very fine mesh to capture the geometry of beams of the structure as accurately as possible. This contribution presents a numerical homogenization as one of the possible methods of trabecular structures modeling. The proposed approach is based on a multi-scale analysis, where the whole specimen is assumed to be homogeneous at a macro-level with assigned effective properties derived from an independent homogenization problem at a meso-level. Therein, the trabecular structure is seen as a porous or two-component medium with the metal structure and voids filled with the air or bone tissue at the meso-level. This corresponds to a two-level finite element homogenization scheme. The specimen is discretized by a reasonable coarse mesh at the macro-level, called the macro-scale problem, while the actual microstructure represented by a periodic unit cell is discretized with sufficient accuracy, called the meso-scale problem. Such a procedure was already applied to modeling of composite materials or masonry structures. The application of this multi-scale analysis is illustrated by a numerical simulation of laboratory compression tests of trabecular specimens.

The Obama Effect

2012 ◽  
pp. 524-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kaun ◽  
Carina Guyard
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
National Election ◽  
The Other ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Campaigning ◽  
Other Hand

This chapter presents a survey study on attitudes towards political campaigning in social media. During the national election in Sweden in 2010, a considerable amount of resources was invested in online communication with the constituency, not least in social media. Whereas several studies have focused on e-democracy at a macro level, there is a lack of studies examining the phenomenon of campaigning 2.0 as it is perceived by the actual voters. This chapter, therefore, asks the question whether the voters noticed the political campaigning in social media at all, and if so, how they perceived it. The main findings are that respondents who were already interested and politically engaged considered campaigning 2.0, in line with the politicians’ rhetoric, as a way to enhance democracy. Respondents who were neither interested nor engaged in politics, on the other hand, showed little interest in this kind of communication. Consequently, the study confirms assumptions about digital divide and continued fragmentation of the citizenry.

In the post-Mugabe era: the role of social work in the democratisation of Zimbabwe

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-109
Author(s):  
Respect Farai Mugodhi ◽  
Lloyd Moyo ◽  
Munyaradzi Muchacha
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Space

This commentary critically discusses the political space prior to, and in the aftermath of, former Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe's fall from power and the possibilities for a transition from authoritarianism to democracy in a new political dispensation. The article examines the role of social work in contributing to the democratisation of Zimbabwe and makes a great case for the involvement of social workers at the micro- and macro-level in the pursuit of democracy.

scholarly journals Placing Religious Social Action in the Multicultural City

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 248-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Zavos
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Space And Place ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Location ◽  
Religious Institution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
The City

The cultural geographer Lily Kong argues that spatial analysis is vital for an interrogation of the contemporary complexity of religion. Building on this observation and broader theoretical understandings of the dynamics of space and place, this paper asks what happens when religious ideas and organisations are implicated in contemporary social action initiatives in ethnically diverse cities. Drawing on ethnographic data, it provides a detailed spatial analysis of a range of initiatives aimed at combatting food insecurity and other forms of deprivation in the city of Bradford in northern England. It examines how and why certain types of religious institution are dominant in the delivery of social action and explores the political significance of more fluid initiatives conducted by religiously diverse independent agents. The paper concludes that initiatives such as street kitchens and foodbanks are playing an important role in recalibrating the social location of religion in contemporary multicultural environments.

scholarly journals A Macro-scale Comparison Algorithm for Analysis of TCR Repertoire Completeness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Esponda ◽  
Petr Šulc ◽  
Joseph Blattman ◽  
Stephanie Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Immune Repertoire ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Tcr Repertoire ◽  
Coarse Grains ◽  
Genetic Sequences ◽  
Expression Abundance ◽  
Blind Spots

AbstractRecent advances in biotechnology are beginning to generate whole immunome datasets, which will enable the comparison of immune repertoires between individuals, e.g., to assess immunocompetence. Existing algorithms cluster cell types based on the relative expression abundance of about 20 000 genes, but such algorithms have limited utility when comparing immunome datasets with many higher orders of magnitude (>1012) of variation, such as occurs in immunoreceptor sequences in highly polyclonal naive repertoires.In this paper we present a method for comparing immune repertoires by identifying macro-level features that are conserved between similar individuals. Our method allows us to detect some blind spots in naive populations and to assess whether a repertoire is likely complete by examining only a sample of its sequences.Author SummaryIn this paper we present a method for comparing the immune repertoire of different individuals. Repertoires are represented by a sample of genetic sequences. Our technique coarse grains each individual’s data into groups, matches groups between individual’s and finds significant differences.

Gangsters and Other Statesmen

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Mandić
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
The Political ◽  
East Europe ◽  
The World ◽  
Nonstate Actor ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
The Cold War

Separatism has been on the rise across the world since the end of the Cold War, dividing countries through political strife, ethnic conflict, and civil war, and redrawing the political map. This book examines the role transnational mafias play in the success and failure of separatist movements, challenging conventional wisdom about the interrelation of organized crime with peacebuilding, nationalism, and state making. The book demonstrates how globalized mafias shape the politics of borders in torn states, shedding critical light on an autonomous nonstate actor that has been largely sidelined by considerations of geopolitics, state-centered agency, and ethnonationalism. Blending extensive archival sleuthing and original ethnographic data with insights from sociology and other disciplines, the book argues that organized crime can be a fateful determinant of state capacity, separatist success, and ethnic conflict. Putting mafias at the center of global processes of separatism and territorial consolidation, the book raises vital questions and urges reconsideration of a host of separatist cases in West Africa, the Middle East, and East Europe.

Conflicting Emotions

2018 ◽  
pp. 161-176
Author(s):  
Amélie Blom
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Political System ◽  
The State ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Urban Violence ◽  
Meso Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Emotional Work ◽  
The Impact

This chapter focuses on the riot that took place in Lahore, Pakistan following the publication of the “Danish cartoons” on February 14, 2006. It shows the importance of emotions in the transition to violence by focusing on three levels of observation. At the micro (individual) level, one must articulate certain types of emotions to moral sentiments and specific frameworks of perception. At the meso level (the riotous crowd), the “emotional work” of the entrepreneurs of mobilization failed to stem the micro-conflicts that were playing in the crowd, and these entrepreneurs are to be seen in the wider context of everyday urban violence. Finally, at the macro level (the political system), the chapter highlights the need for a renewed interest in an aspect often neglected in studies on the impact dimension of social movements, namely the politics of emotions produced by the state.

Montale as postmodernist

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-260
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Gazzola
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Political ◽  
Late Work ◽  
End Of History ◽  
Poetic Voice ◽  
The Common ◽  
The End Of History ◽  
Low Culture ◽  
Economic Boom ◽  
Fourth Book

The article considers primarily Montale’s fourth book, Satura (1971), and interrogates the connections between the new direction of Montale’s poetry and the scientific and philosophical trends of the 1950s and 1960s. To describe Montale’s late work as postmodernist is to measure the self-conscious distancing of his poetics from the writing of the first three volumes: the poetic voice of Satura explores the dialectic relationship between modern and postmodern. The common postmodernist annulments – the end of ideology, the end of history, the end of authorial presence, the distinction between high and low culture – all play a role in Satura’s composition. The article includes a discussion of Cesare Vasoli’s Tra cultura e ideologia as an important source to explain Montale’s suspension of poetic output as a symptom of the political and philosophical disillusionment he experienced during the years of the reconstruction and the economic boom. Using the latter text as a guide, the article analyzes one of the most hermeneutically complex poems of Satura, ‘Dialogo’.

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