Factors Affecting Employee Retention in Zimbabwean Companies

The decline of the Zimbabwean economy characterised by the high inflation rate has rendered it difficult for Zimbabwean manufacturing to retain talented employees. The quantitative research methodology was adopted in this paper. The sample size of the study comprised 100 respondents who were randomly selected from the manufacturing companies in Zimbabwe. The sample size of the study was made out of 10 managing directors 10 managers 10 supervisors and 70 employees drawn from the 50 manufacturing companies that were randomly selected. It was established that the companies are failing to retain talented employees and a lot of the employees are leaving the organisations. Retrenchments and restructurings have become the order of the day. The study recommended that employees needed to implement employee retention strategies to remain viable.

Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions against COVID-19 Pandemic: Review of Contact Tracing and Social Distancing Technologies, Protocols, Apps, Security and Open Research Directions

The COVID-19 Pandemic has punched a devastating blow on the majority of the world’s population. Millions of people have been infected while hundreds of thousands have died of the disease throwing many families into mourning and other psychological torments. It has also crippled the economy of many countries of the world leading to job losses, high inflation, and dwindling Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The duo of social distancing and contact tracing are the major technological-based non-pharmaceutical public health intervention strategies adopted for combating the dreaded disease. These technologies have been deployed by different countries around the world to achieve effective and efficient means of maintaining appropriate distance and tracking the transmission pattern of the diseases or identifying those at high risk of infecting others. This paper aims to synthesize the research efforts on contact tracing and social distancing to minimize the spread of COVID-19. The paper critically and comprehensively reviews contact tracing technologies, protocols, and mobile applications (apps) that were recently developed and deployed against the coronavirus disease. Furthermore, the paper discusses social distancing technologies, appropriate methods to maintain distances, regulations, isolation/quarantine, and interaction strategies. In addition, the paper highlights different security/privacy vulnerabilities identified in contact tracing and social distancing technologies and solutions against these vulnerabilities. We also x-rayed the strengths and weaknesses of the various technologies concerning their application in contact tracing and social distancing. Finally, the paper proposed insightful recommendations and open research directions in contact tracing and social distancing that could assist researchers, developers, and governments in implementing new technological methods to combat the menace of COVID-19.

Iran’s state can manage intensified new-model protests

Significance In November, farmers gathered in Isfahan to complain about water scarcity. Teachers, miners, pensioners and municipal workers have also protested in recent months against a background of high inflation, as government spending is curtailed by the effects of US sanctions. Impacts The government may crack down on new efforts by hydrocarbons workers and others to adopt trade union-style practices. Geographically based competition between groups seeking scarce resources such as water and electricity is likely to intensify. High inflation is likely to persist as the government struggles to balance its budget, with the likelihood of further subsidy cuts. Western efforts to back protests will help hardliners further sideline calls for reform, citing national security and religious identity.

Historical Aspect of Inflation in Pre and Post Covid-19 Pandemic in Pakistan

Covid-19 Pandemic proved to be very dangerous and catastrophic in the entire history of mankind. It affected every corner of the world within less than a year. It changed the lifestyle and paralyzed all modern technology and killed millions of people around the globe. This study presents the historical overview of major world pandemics and Covid-19 as well. It also examines the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on inflation and on other sectors of Pakistan's economy. The results reveal that covid-19 is the main culprit responsible for double digit inflation and slow economic growth in Pakistan. The present study explores that during 2020 high inflation was due to world lock down while in 2021 the main cause of inflation was persistent increase in oil prices, food shortage, political instability in Afghanistan and devaluation of Pakistan’s rupee. The results indicate that Covid-19 affects adversely every sector of Pakistan economy. The study suggests that government should pay proper attention to health of the general public and implement suitable policies to stabilize the economic growth.

Inflation and Hyperinflation Countries in 2018–2020: Risks of Different Assets and Foreign Trade

Since the global financial crisis (2008–2009), central banks and governments in developed countries have relied upon loose monetary and financial policy. In the coronavirus pandemic era, these policies were taken even more to the extreme. In 2021, countries around the world started to experience product availability issues, and inflation in some cases was extremely high. There has been debate about the possibility of persistent high inflation. However, risks to assets and foreign trade in this new situation are unknown as all important hyperinflation cases are from decades to century-old. It is important to know what kind of implications high inflation has on modern economies. Therefore, in this study, 10 countries with the highest inflation were selected to be examined in the period of 2018–2020. In these countries, currencies lost a considerable amount of their value against US dollar in 2018–2020. Stock market indexes in many cases provided very high returns in local currency terms; however, against the US dollar, the index yield changed for the substantially negative. Apartment prices in general declined as well. In foreign trade, imports generally declined, while exports were mixed or even increased. However, it should be noted that all of these observations are influenced by the pandemic era and special circumstances of a particular country.

Cykl koniunkturalny w Turcji w latach 2005–2020 — interpretacja austriackiej szkoły ekonomii

Turkey was hit by the recession, defined in a classic way (as negative real GDP growth lasting at least two quarters), three times over the discussed period. The main goal of the central bank of Turkey is to keep inflation as close as possible to the inflation target. The use of the interest rate as a tool to stabilize the economic situation is therefore limited. The country has experienced periods of high inflation which was not temporary, but long-term. Using the approach appropriate to the Austrian School of Economics, the article analyzes the behavior of the Turkish economy in 2005–2020. In the discussed time horizon, two phases of the business cycle have been identified according to the Austrian School of Economics — the first from 2005 to the first quarter of 2014, and the second from the second quarter of 2014 to 2020. It can be assumed that the Turkish economy will enter the third phase of the business cycle in the near future, although it is difficult to determine when it will happen.

Turkey's economic policy shift is not worth the risks

Significance The lira’s collapse has only fortified President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s adherence to unorthodox low-interest-rate policies. Rather than changing course, Erdogan has publicly declared a “new economic policy”, stating more than once, “We know what we’re doing”. Impacts Not everyone will be compensated for inflation, and discontent will persist, along with the need for other ploys to win elections in 2023. High inflation and unpredictable government policy will add to the challenges of doing business. Ankara may continue to develop relations with countries able to provide funds and investment, such as Qatar and the United Arab Emirates.

Impacts of Monetary Policy on Stability of Commercial Banks – Evidence from Vietnam

Before 2009, most central banks conducted their monetary policy with the ultimate goals of promoting price stability, economic growth and full employment. However, the 2009 financial crisis demonstrated that these goals are not enough to maintain a stable financial arena. So, aside from those objectives, the objective of financial stability is also of interest to central banks when implementing monetary policy. In this study, the authors explore the influence of monetary policy on the stability of commercial banks in Vietnam – an emerging economy. The study uses the dataset of the Vietnamese commercial banks from 2008 to 2019, applying SGMM estimations and checking their robustness with a Bayesian approach. The results show that, in recent years, the SBV has effectively implemented monetary policy to ensure banks’ stability in Vietnam. In particular, money supply M2 has positively impacted the stability of commercial banks. Also, the results imply that the ratio of loan to total assets, the ratio of cost operating to income operating, as well as CPI, correlate negatively with bank stability. The study did not find any impact of bank size or GDP on bank stability during the research period. Based on these results, the SBV should manage an optimal level of money supply M2 to guarantee efficient economic operations in general and maintain bank stability in particular, and should avoid high inflation.