scholarly journals Effect of abomasal infusions of a mixture of octadecenoic acids on milk fat synthesis in lactating cows

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 4317-4329 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Shingfield ◽  
A. Sæbø ◽  
P.-C. Sæbø ◽  
V. Toivonen ◽  
J.M. Griinari
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Fat Synthesis ◽  
Octadecenoic Acids ◽  
Milk Fat Synthesis

scholarly journals Diet-induced milk fat depression is associated with alterations in ruminal biohydrogenation pathways and formation of novel fatty acid intermediates in lactating cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ventto ◽  
Heidi Leskinen ◽  
Piia Kairenius ◽  
Tomasz Stefański ◽  
Ali R. Bayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Dimethyl Acetal ◽  
Milk Fat Depression ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Fat Synthesis ◽  
Ruminal Biohydrogenation ◽  
Biohydrogenation Intermediates ◽  
Forage:Concentrate Ratio ◽  
Milk Fat Synthesis

AbstractThe biohydrogenation theory of milk fat depression (MFD) attributes decreases in milk fat in cows to the formation of specific fatty acids (FA) in the rumen.Trans-10,cis-12-CLA is the only biohydrogenation intermediate known to inhibit milk fat synthesis, but it is uncertain if increased ruminal synthesis is the sole explanation of MFD. Four lactating cows were used in a 4×4 Latin square with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments and 35-d experimental periods to evaluate the effect of diets formulated to cause differences in ruminal lipid metabolism and milk fat synthesis on the flow of FA and dimethyl acetal at the omasum. Treatments comprised total mixed rations based on grass silage with a forage:concentrate ratio of 35:65 or 65:35 containing 0 or 50 g/kg sunflower oil (SO). Supplementing the high-concentrate diet with SO lowered milk fat synthesis from −20·2 to −31·9 % relative to other treatments. Decreases in milk fat were accompanied by alterations in ruminal biohydrogenation favouring thetrans-10 pathway and an increase in the formation of specific intermediates includingtrans-4 totrans-10-18 : 1,trans-8,trans-10-CLA,trans-9,cis-11-CLA andtrans-10,cis-15-18 : 2. Flow oftrans-10,cis-12-CLA at the omasum was greater on high- than low-concentrate diets but unaffected by SO. In conclusion, ruminaltrans-10,cis-12-CLA formation was not increased on a diet causing MFD suggesting that other biohydrogenation intermediates or additional mechanisms contribute to the regulation of fat synthesis in the bovine mammary gland.

Milk fat synthesis and secretion: molecular and cellular aspects

2001 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Clegg ◽  
M.C. Barber ◽  
L. Pooley ◽  
I. Ernens ◽  
Y. Larondelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Synthesis ◽  
Milk Fat Synthesis

MicroRNA-432 inhibits milk fat synthesis by targeting SCD and LPL in ovine mammary epithelial cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyun Hao ◽  
Yuzhu Luo ◽  
Jiqing Wang ◽  
Jon Hickford ◽  
Huitong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Differentially Expressed Mirnas ◽  
Fat Synthesis ◽  
Milk Fat Synthesis

In our previous studies, microRNA-432 (miR-432) was found to be one of differentially expressed miRNAs in ovine mammary gland between the two breeds of lactating sheep with different milk production...

Stimulation of Milk-Fat Synthesis in Mammary Epithelioid Cells by Progesterone

1983 ◽  
pp. 51-70
Author(s):  
Robert T. Chatterton ◽  
Sheila M. Judge ◽  
Eldon D. Schriock ◽  
David Olive ◽  
John N. Haan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Fat Synthesis ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Milk Fat Synthesis

The effect of trans- 10, cis- 12 conjugated linoleic acid on milk fat synthesis in lactating sheep

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 92-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Sinclair ◽  
A. L. Lock ◽  
J. W. Perfield ◽  
B. M. Teles ◽  
D. E. Bauman
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Fat Synthesis ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Protein Output ◽  
Milk Fat Synthesis

Trans- 10, cis- 12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a biohydrogenation intermediate produced in the rumen, is a potent inhibitor of milk fat synthesis. Data from a number of studies where various doses of trans -10, cis -12 CLA have been abomasally infused demonstrate a curvilinear relationship between the percent reduction in milk fat yield and both the dose of trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA infused and the milk fat content of trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA. In addition to a reduction in milk fat output, under some circumstances an increase in milk yield and milk protein output are observed. To date, there has been no examination of the effects of trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA on milk fat synthesis in lactating sheep. The current study was therefore designed to determine if trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA would inhibit milk fat synthesis in lactating sheep. In order to test the effectiveness of trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA in inhibiting milk fat synthesis we used a lipid-encapsulated trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA supplement (LE-CLA) as a means to provide the trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA isomer post-ruminally.

Characterisation of gene expression related to milk fat synthesis in the mammary tissue of lactating yaks

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Nam Lee ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Ya Ou Xu ◽  
Yu Can Li ◽  
Fang Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Lipid Droplet ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Droplet Formation ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Lipid Droplet Formation ◽  
Fat Synthesis ◽  
Milk Fat Synthesis

This research communication describes the profile of gene expression related to the synthesis of yak milk as determined via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Significant up-regulation during lactation were observed in genes related to fatty acid (FA) uptake from blood (LPL, CD36), intracellular FA transport (FABP3), intracellular FA activation of long- and short-chain FAs (ACSS1, ACSS2, ACSL1), de novo synthesis (ACACA), desaturation (SCD), triacyglycerol (TAG) synthesis (AGPAT6, GPAM, LPIN1), lipid droplet formation (PLIN2, BTN1A1, XDH), ketone body utilisation (BDH1, OXCT1), and transcription regulation (THRSP, PPARGC1A). In particular, intracellular de novo FA synthesis (ACSS2, ACACA, and FABP3) and TAG synthesis (GPAM, AGPAT6, and LPIN1), whose regulation might be orchestrated as part of the gene network under the control of SERBF1 in the milk fat synthesis process, were more activated compared to levels in dairy cows. However, the genes involved in lipid droplet formation (PLIN2, XDH, and BTN1A1) were expressed at lower levels compared to those in dairy cows, where these genes are mainly controlled by the PPARG regulator.

Kisspeptin-10 Promoting the Synthesis of Milk Fat by Inhibiting the AMPK/SIRT6 Signaling Pathway via the GPR54 in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Cao ◽  
Juxiong Liu ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Lijun Ma ◽  
Jiaxin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Fat Synthesis ◽  
Milk Fat Synthesis

Abstract Background Kp-10 is a peptide hormone mainly involved in the initiation tissue development in puberty. Recent studies have shown that Kp-10 is involved in fat synthesis. However, the role of Kp-10 in milk fat synthesis in lactating dairy cows has not been reported. Therefore, this study investigated the correlation between GPR54 and milk fat synthesis in dairy cows and to study the underlying mechanism in BMECs. Results The results showed that the expression of GPR54, SREBP1 and FASN in mammary glands of high-milk fat dairy cows were significantly higher than those in mammary glands of low-milk fat dairy cows. Meanwhile, 10nM Kp-10 can significantly inhibit AMPK/SIRT6 signaling pathway and promote milk fat synthesis in BMECs through its receptor GPR54. Overexpression of SIRT6 significantly reduced the acetylation level of SREBP1 and milk fat synthesis in BMECs.Conclusions These results suggested that Kp-10 inhibits the AMPK / SIRT6 signaling pathway by mediating GPR54, thereby increasing SREBP1 acetylation levels and increasing milk fat synthesis in BMECs.

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