scholarly journals Grazing management and supplementation effects on forage and dairy cow performance on cool-season pastures in the southeastern United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 3949-3959 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Macoon ◽  
L.E. Sollenberger ◽  
C.R. Staples ◽  
K.M. Portier ◽  
J.H. Fike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Cow Performance

scholarly journals Climatology and Environmental Characteristics of Extreme Precipitation Events in the Southeastern United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Moore ◽  
Kelly M. Mahoney ◽  
Ellen M. Sukovich ◽  
Robert Cifelli ◽  
Thomas M. Hamill
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract This paper documents the characteristics of extreme precipitation events (EPEs) in the southeastern United States (SEUS) during 2002–11. The EPEs are identified by applying an object-based method to 24-h precipitation analyses from the NCEP stage-IV dataset. It is found that EPEs affected the SEUS in all months and occurred most frequently in the western portion of the SEUS during the cool season and in the eastern portion during the warm season. The EPEs associated with tropical cyclones, although less common, tended to be larger in size, more intense, and longer lived than “nontropical” EPEs. Nontropical EPEs in the warm season, relative to those in the cool season, tended to be smaller in size and typically involved more moist, conditionally unstable conditions but weaker dynamical influences. Synoptic-scale composites are constructed for nontropical EPEs stratified by the magnitude of vertically integrated water vapor transport (IVT) to examine distinct scenarios for the occurrence of EPEs. The composite results indicate that “strong IVT” EPEs occur within high-amplitude flow patterns involving strong transport of moist, conditionally unstable air within the warm sector of a cyclone, whereas “weak IVT” EPEs occur within low-amplitude flow patterns featuring weak transport but very moist and conditionally unstable conditions. Finally, verification of deterministic precipitation forecasts from a reforecast dataset based on the NCEP Global Ensemble Forecast System reveals that weak-IVT EPEs were characteristically associated with lower forecast skill than strong-IVT EPEs. Based on these results, it is suggested that further research should be conducted to investigate the forecast challenges associated with EPEs in the SEUS.

Cultivation and Reduced-Rate Herbicides Weed Control in Sugarbeet Grown for Biofuel

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 726-732
Author(s):  
W. Carroll Johnson ◽  
Theodore M. Webster ◽  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
Xuelin Luo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
Limited Role ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Sugarbeet Yields

AbstractSugarbeet, grown for biofuel, is being considered as an alternate cool-season crop in the southeastern United States. Previous research identified ethofumesate PRE and phenmedipham + desmedipham POST as herbicides that controlled troublesome cool-season weeds in the region, specifically cutleaf evening-primrose. Research trials were conducted from 2014 through 2016 to evaluate an integrated system of sweep cultivation and reduced rates of ethofumesate PRE and/or phenmedipham+desmedipham POST for weed control in sugarbeet grown for biofuel. There were no interactions between the main effects of cultivation and herbicides for control of cutleaf evening-primrose and other cool-season species in two out of three years. Cultivation improved control of cool-season weeds, but the effect was largely independent of control provided by herbicides. Of the herbicide combinations evaluated, the best overall cool-season weed control was from systems that included either a 1/2X or 1X rate of phenmedipham+desmedipham POST. Either rate of ethofumesate PRE was less effective than phenmedipham+desmedipham POST. Despite improved cool-season weed control, sugarbeet yield was not affected by cultivation each year of the study. Sugarbeet yields were greater when treated with any herbicide combination that included either a 1/2X or 1X rate of phenmedipham+desmedipham POST compared with either rate of ethofumesate PRE alone or the nontreated control. These results indicate that cultivation has a very limited role in sugarbeet grown for biofuel. The premise of effective weed control based on an integration of cultivation and reduced herbicide rates does not appear to be viable for sugarbeet grown for biofuel.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Separation of Enhanced ZDR and KDP Regions in Nonsupercell Tornadic Storms

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1143-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Loeffler ◽  
Matthew R. Kumjian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Dual Polarization ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
The Public ◽  
Size Sorting ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tornadic Storms ◽  
Differential Reflectivity

Abstract Tornadoes associated with nonsupercell storms present unique challenges for forecasters. These tornadic storms, although often not as violent or deadly as supercells, occur disproportionately during the overnight hours and the cool season—times when the public is more vulnerable. Additionally, there is significantly lower warning skill for these nonsupercell tornadoes compared to supercell tornadoes. This study utilizes dual-polarization Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) data to analyze nonsupercell tornadic storms over a three-and-a-half-year period focused on the mid-Atlantic and southeastern United States. A signature found in a large number of cases is the separation of low-level specific differential phase KDP and differential reflectivity ZDR enhancement regions, thought to arise owing to size sorting. This study employs a new method to define the “separation vector,” which comprises the distance separating the enhancement regions and the direction from the KDP enhancement region to the ZDR enhancement region, measured relative to storm motion. While there is some variation between cases, preliminary results show that the distribution of separation distance between the enhancement regions is centered around 3–4 km and tends to maximize around the time of tornadogenesis. A preferred quadrant for separation direction is found between parallel and 90° to the right of storm motion and is most orthogonal near the time of tornadogenesis. Further, it is shown that, for a given separation distance, separation direction increasing from 0° toward 90° is associated with increased storm-relative helicity.

Managing Cool-Season Weeds in Sugarbeet Grown for Biofuel in the Southeastern United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Carroll Johnson ◽  
Theodore M. Webster ◽  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
Xuelin Luo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Temperature Limit ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Wild Radish ◽  
Cool Season

AbstractSugarbeet, grown for biofuel, is being considered as an alternate cool-season crop in the southeastern U.S. coastal plain. Typically, the crop would be seeded in the autumn, then grow through the winter and be harvested the following spring. Labels for herbicides registered for use on sugarbeet grown in the traditional sugarbeet production regions do not list any of the cool-season weeds common in the southeastern United States. Field trials were initiated near Ty Ty, GA, to evaluate all possible combinations of ethofumesate applied PRE, phenmedipham+desmedipham applied POST, clopyralid POST, and triflusulfuron POST for cool-season weed control in sugarbeet. Phenmedipham+desmedipham alone and in combination with clopyralid and/or triflusulfuron effectively controlled cutleaf eveningprimrose, lesser swinecress, henbit, and corn spurry when applied to seedling weeds. Ethofumesate PRE alone was not as effective in controlling cool-season weeds compared to treatments containing phenmedipham+desmedipham POST. However, ethofumesate PRE applied sequentially with phenmedipham+desmedipham POST improved weed control consistency. Clopyralid and/or triflusulfuron alone did not adequately control cutleaf eveningprimrose. Triflusulfuron alone effectively controlled wild radish. In the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 seasons, December-applied POST herbicides did not injure sugarbeet. However, in the 2015–2016 season POST herbicides were applied in late October. On the day of treatment, the maximum temperature was 25.4 C, which exceeded the established upper temperature limit of 22 C for safe application of phenmedipham+desmedipham, and sugarbeet plants were severely injured. In the southeastern United States, temperatures frequently exceed 22 C in early autumn, which may limit phenmedipham+desmedipham use for controlling troublesome cool-season weeds of sugarbeet in the region. Weed control options need to be expanded to compensate for this limitation.

Does Enhancing Mind Perception Affect Conspiracy Belief?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Noguera
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Social Discourse ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Mind Perception ◽  
Mixed Anova ◽  
Interaction Term ◽  
The Mind

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a novel mind perception manipulation. Mind perception is currently theorized to be an essential aspect of a number of human social psychological processes. Thus, a successful manipulation would allow for the causal study of those processes. This manipulation was created in an attempt to explore the downstream impact of mind perception on the endorsement of conspiracy theories. Conspiracy theories are steadily becoming more and more prominent in social discourse. Endorsement of conspiracy theories are beginning to show real world ramifications such as a danger to human health (e.g., in the anti-vaccination movement). A sample of college students (valid N = 53) from a large rural institution in the southeastern United States participated for course credit. These participants completed a mind perception pretest, were randomly assigned to either the manipulation in question (in which participants are asked to consider the ‘mind’ of several targets and write their thoughts about them) or the control condition, and then they completed a posttest. The mixed ANOVA revealed that the interaction term between Time and Condition was not significant. Because the manipulation did not work, other analyses were aborted, in accord with the pre-registration. My Discussion focuses on the procedures and potential shortcomings of this manipulation, in an effort to lay the groundwork for a successful one.

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