scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibilities in dairy herds that differ in dry cow therapy usage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. McDougall ◽  
J. Penry ◽  
D. Dymock
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibilities

A note on effectiveness of dry cow therapy in New Zealand dairy herds

1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Pankey ◽  
R.M. Barker ◽  
A. Twomey ◽  
G. Duirs
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy

scholarly journals Comparison of Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Campylobacter spp. Isolates from Organic and Conventional Dairy Herds in Wisconsin

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1442-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sato ◽  
P. C. Bartlett ◽  
J. B. Kaneene ◽  
F. P. Downes
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibilities ◽  
Organic Dairy ◽  
Conventional Farms ◽  
Testing Susceptibility ◽  
Large Farms

ABSTRACT The prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Campylobacter spp. isolates from bovine feces were compared between organic and conventional dairy herds. Thirty organic dairy herds, where antimicrobials are rarely used for calves and never used for cows, were compared with 30 neighboring conventional dairy farms, where antimicrobials were routinely used for animals for all ages. Fecal specimens from 10 cows and 10 calves on 120 farm visits yielded 332 Campylobacter isolates. The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in organic and conventional farms was 26.7 and 29.1%, and the prevalence was not statistically different between the two types of farms. Campylobacter prevalence was significantly higher in March than in September, higher in calves than in cows, and higher in smaller farms than in large farms. The rates of retained placenta, pneumonia, mastitis, and abortion were associated with the proportion of Campylobacter isolation from fecal samples. The gradient disk diffusion MIC method (Etest) was used for testing susceptibility to four antimicrobial agents: ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. Two isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and none of isolates was resistant to gentamicin or erythromycin. Resistance to tetracycline was 45% (148 of 332 isolates). Tetracycline resistance was found more frequently in calves than in cows (P = 0.042), but no difference was observed between organic and conventional farms. When we used Campylobacter spp. as indicator bacteria, we saw no evidence that restriction of antimicrobial use on dairy farms was associated with prevalence of resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, erythromycin, and tetracycline.

Dry cow environment management and mastitis control in dairy herds

Livestock ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 210-215
Author(s):  
James Breen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Environment Management ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Mastitis Control

Advice regarding the management and importance of the dry cow environment can be difficult to offer in many dairy herds for several reasons. These may include a perception that dry cow therapy (both internal teat sealant and antibiotic) is extremely effective at preventing infection, a lack of milk recording and/or mastitis data to enable analysis of mastitis epidemiology, suboptimal housing, a fundamental lack of focus on the dry period in favour of continued focus on milking hygiene and lactating cow management, or a combination of several of these reasons. However, for many herds that struggle to control mastitis, improving the dry cow environment will pay huge dividends in terms of reducing dry period new infection and improving apparent dry period cure rate. This article sets out those areas of dry cow environment management which appear particularly important for herds and their veterinary advisors to consider, and gives examples of improved control of mastitis following dry cow interventions for a spring calving, autumn calving and all year round calving herd.

Antimicrobial-based dry cow therapy approaches for cure and prevention of intramammary infections: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Afifi ◽  
Fidèle Kabera ◽  
Henrik Stryhn ◽  
Jean-Philippe Roy ◽  
Luke C. Heider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Mastitis Control

AbstractIn dairy herds, application of antimicrobials at drying-off is a common mastitis control measure. This article describes a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to address three crucial points regarding antimicrobial usage at drying-off: (1) comparative efficacy of antimicrobials used for preventing new and eliminating existing intramammary infections (IMI); (2) comparison of selective and blanket dry cow therapy approaches in preventing new and eliminating existing IMI; and (3) assessment of the extra prevention against new IMI that can be gained from using antimicrobial-teat sealant combinations versus antimicrobials alone. Five PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome) questions were formulated to cover the three objectives of the review. Medline, CAB Abstracts, Web of Science, and conference proceedings will be searched along with iterative screening of references. Articles will be eligible if: (1) published after 1966; (2) written in English or French; and (3) reporting field clinical trials and observational studies, conducted on dairy cows at drying-off, with at least one antimicrobial-treated group and one IMI-related outcome. Authors will independently assess the relevance of titles and abstracts, extract data, and assess bias and the overall quality of evidence. Results will be synthesized and analyzed using pairwise and network meta-analysis. The proposed study will significantly update previously conducted reviews.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Dry Cow Therapy Comprising Antibiotic Treatment, Internal Teat Sealant, and α-Tocopherol Against New Intramammary Infections in Cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Cengiz ◽  
Ayhan Bastan
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Major Pathogens ◽  
Control Group Group

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effectiveness of dry cow therapy based on antibiotic, internal teat sealant, and α-tocopherol administered separately or in various combinations at drying-off The study was performed on 322 uninfected quarters of 95 cows originating from three dairy herds. The new intramammary infection rates after calving were measured to evaluate the effectiveness. The quarters were divided into six groups differing in treatment, namely: control group (group C, n = 40) and five treatment groups. Treatment groups were arranged as follows: group A (antibiotic alone, n = 81), group AS (antibiotic + sealant, n = 40), group AST (antibiotic + sealant + α-tocopherol, n = 40), group T (α-tocopherol alone, n = 40), group S (sealant alone, n = 81). New infection rate amounted to 47.5% in group C. The treatment in group AST significantly prevented from the occurrence of new intramammary infections (12.5%, P < 0.05), especially those caused by major pathogens. Antibiotic treatment alone (group A) did not prevent from new infections (34.6%, P > 0.05), although the use of the sealant alone (group S) decreased the risk of new infection (24.7%, P < 0.05). A decrease in new infection rate (25%, P < 0.05) was also observed in AS group treated with the combination of the sealant and antibiotic. α -tocopherol supplementation alone (group T) had no overall effect on new infections (35%, P > 0.05). Increased α-tocopherol level (P < 0.05) was detected after calving in the quarters from cows that received α-tocopherol injections. In conclusion, the combination of antibiotic, internal teat sealant, and α-tocopherol used in dry cow therapy showed a significantly better preventive effect against new intramammary infections, than the therapeutics administered separately.

A Study of Dry Cow Therapy and Effects on SCC in 10 Irish Dairy Herds

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Barrett ◽  
T. Clegg ◽  
A. M. Healy ◽  
M. L. Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy

scholarly journals Short communication: Drying-off practices and use of dry cow therapy in Finnish dairy herds

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (8) ◽  
pp. 7487-7493 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Vilar ◽  
M. Hovinen ◽  
H. Simojoki ◽  
P.J. Rajala-Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Streptococcus agalactiae strains isolated from bovine mastitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. e178109
Author(s):  
Geraldo Márcio da Costa ◽  
Núbia Aparecida Ribeiro ◽  
Maysa Serpa Gonçalves ◽  
Juliana Rosa da Silva ◽  
Dircéia Aparecida da Costa Custódio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Cell Counts

Bovine mastitis is the most important disease of dairy herds worldwide. Its main etiologic agents are bacteria, including Streptococcus agalactiae. The importance of this agent in bovine mastitis is because it is highly contagious and has a high impact on the occurrence of clinical mastitis cases and in the increase of the bulk milk somatic cell counts. The dry cow therapy and the treatment of the clinical mastitis cases stand out among the measures to control intramammary infections in cows. However, these strategies require knowledge about the antimicrobial susceptibility of the causal microorganisms. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of 89 S. agalactiae strains isolated from bovine mastitis between the years 2004 and 2008 in dairy herds from Campo das Vertentes region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The disc diffusion technique was used and the antimicrobials currently used in mastitis therapy were tested. The isolates tested showed 100% susceptibility to chloramphenicol, ceftiofur, cefotaxime, enrofloxacin, and cefquinome. High frequencies of susceptibility (>95%) were also observed for the beta-lactams (penicillin G, ampicillin, and oxacillin), cephalosporins (cephalotin, ceftiofur, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, and cefquinome), florfenicol, gentamicin, lincomycin, nitrofurantoin, and sulfamethoprim. The strains showed high frequencies of resistance to neomycin (15.74%), and tetracycline (21.35%). Multidrug resistance was detected in 2.25% of the tested isolates. The results pointed to variations in the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the studied strains and the importance of the use of the susceptibility tests to determine the correct antimicrobial to be applied in the treatment of bovine mastitis caused by S. agalactiae. The high frequencies of resistance observed to some antimicrobials, such as neomycin and tetracycline, commonly used in the treatment of mastitis and other pathologies, highlighted the need for more judicious use of antimicrobials on dairy farms.

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