scholarly journals “What I am! A fiend!”- An Analysis of Chillingworth’s Character in The Scarlet Letter in the light of Ghazalian Nafs e Ammara and Freudian Id

2018 ◽  
Vol III (III) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Shumaila Mazhar ◽  
Samina Amin Qadir
Keyword(s):  
English Literature ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
The Scarlet Letter ◽  
Psychological Analysis ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
Depth Analysis

The present study attempts to explore the intricacies of human mind, as portrayed through Chillingworth's character in The Scarlet Letter by Hawthorne. For an in-depth analysis, two legendary intellectuals i.e., Ghazali, the famous 11th century scholar of the Muslim world and Freud, the genius of 20th century, have provided the theoretical framework. The research design is based on thematic analysis of the selected novel. A detailed study of Ghazalain nafs e ammara and Freudian id guided the interpretation of the selected novel. The analysis of Chillingworth's perverted behaviour and degrading moral standards inside the parameter of the selected theories reveals Hawthorne's psychological insight. Besides, it also provides a cognizance into the current relevance of the psychological issues in modern world, thus, strengthening our belief in the similar workings of human mind, regardless of the variances in time and space. Moreover, the evidence from this study suggests that the incorporation of Eastern and Western insights for studying literary character has the potential of becoming an effective critical approach for psychological analysis in the realm of English literature.

scholarly journals EXPLORING SELF THROUGH GHAZALIAN THEORY OF SOUL AND FREUDIAN PSYCHOANALYSIS: THE STUDY OF PROFESSOR SOHAIL IN RAJA GIDH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-141
Author(s):  
Shumaila Mazhar ◽  
Alia Ayub ◽  
Muhammad Yousaf Sharjeel ◽  
Rizwana Jabeen ◽  
Fazli Husain
Keyword(s):  
English Literature ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Freudian Psychoanalysis ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Psychological Analysis ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Depth Analysis

Purpose of the study: The current study explores the psychological dimensions of Professor Sohail in a famous Pakistani novel Raja Gidh (1981) written by Bano Qudsia. A quick glance at the entire plot of the selected novel strengthens our belief that psychological sufferings or regeneration greatly affect the external life of an individual. For an in-depth analysis, Ghazali, the famous 11th-century scholar of the Muslim world, and Freud, the genius of the 20th century, have provided the conceptual underpinnings. Methodology: For the thematic analysis of the selected novel, this study has adapted Attride-Stirling’s (2001) model of the textual data analysis, which is divided into three stages i.e., data reduction, exploration, and data complication or interpretation. Ghazalain nafs e ammara, nafs e lawwamma, nafs e mutmainna and aql, and Freudian id, ego and superego have guided the coding and interpretation of the selected character. Main Findings: A close analysis of the selected character through the lens of these theorists exposes that sometimes nafs e ammara or id makes him fall into the abyss of evils or sometimes nafs e lawwama or superego cause a relentless internal conflict which has been intermediated by aq’l or ego. Applications of this study: This work, inside the parameter of the selected theories, offers an insight into the relevance of the psychological issues in the modern world, thus, establishing our belief in the similar workings of the human mind, regardless of the variances in time and space. Moreover, it has also revealed that the incorporation of Eastern and Western insights for studying the human mind has the potential of becoming an effective critical approach for psychological analysis in the realm of English literature. Novelty/Originality of this study: The current study makes the readers dive deep into the darkest abyss of the human mind, to bring to the surface not only his deep-rooted fears and anxieties but also the magnificent gems of spiritual insight.

scholarly journals The Portrayal of Piggy’s Mind in Lord of the Flies in the Light of Ghazalian Theory of Soul and Freudian Psychoanalysis

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (I) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shumaila Mazhar ◽  
Mehwish Malghani ◽  
Shabana Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
English Literature ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Freudian Psychoanalysis ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Psychological Analysis ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Lord Of The Flies

This study inquires into the intricacies of the human mind, as portrayed through the character of Piggy in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies. For an in depth analysis, the theoretical framework of Ghazali (1058-1111) and Freud (1856-1939) is used. The study has adapted Attride Sterling’s (2001) model of textual data analysis. This analysis, inside the parameters of the selected theories, provides an insight into the relevance of the psychological issues in modern world, thus strengthening our belief in the similar workings of the human mind, regardless of the variances in time and space. Moreover, it has also revealed that the incorporation of Eastern and Western insights for studying the human mind has the potential of becoming an effective critical approach for psychological analysis in the realm of English literature.

scholarly journals Universal Psychological Mechanisms of Guilt and Redemption: An Analysis of the Scarlet Letter and Raja Gidh

2018 ◽  
Vol III (I) ◽  
pp. 78-96
Author(s):  
Shumaila Mazhar ◽  
Azka Khan ◽  
Durdana Khosa
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
Freudian Psychoanalysis ◽  
The Scarlet Letter ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spatial Dimensions

Freud’s trifurcated concept of human nature asserts that unlike other emotional states, guilt is a quite complicated feeling which requires a differentiated and powerful brain. A human brain, being cognizant of this uniqueness, is capable of self-appraisal and self-censure. The present study penetrates the intricacies of human mind through the study of protagonists of The Scarlet Letter and Raja Gidh. The concept of Freudian superego is used to examine the two characters, Dimmesdale and Qayyum, set in completely different temporal and spatial dimensions of human society. The parameters of psychoanalytical interpretation describes the human psychological distress and fight against the mental chaos after crossing the ethical boundaries of morality. It postulates that Freudian psychoanalysis contributes effectively to research in literary criticism beyond the social, cultural and linguistic boundaries as it highlights the universality of unique human feelings.

scholarly journals Deeper into the Wilderness of Feminine Psyche in the Scarlet Letter and Raja Gidh: A Comparative Analysis of Ghazalian Aql and Freudian Ego

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (II) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Samina Amin Qadir ◽  
Shumaila Mazhar ◽  
Fouzia Rahman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
Strong Belief ◽  
The Scarlet Letter ◽  
Good Works ◽  
Profound Influence

The present study is aimed at exploring psychological conflicts in thefemale protagonists of Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter and Qudsias Raja Gidh. This study, in the parameters of psychoanalytical interpretation, explicitly describes the profound influence of aql and ego on Hester and Seemi, as they cross the ethical restrictions of morality, become tortured by remorse, and finally try to compensate for it. Hester attempts to recompense her sins through charitable services due to her strong belief in redemption through good works; whereas, Seemi undergoes a strange psychic experience and suffers from failures, leading to her death. This study focusing on the application of Ghazalian aql and Freudian ego provides an exhilarating opportunity to advance our knowledge of literary analysis and contributes to this growing area of research by probing into the depth of the human mind.

Mrs. Hawthorne's Headache: Reading The Scarlet Letter

1983 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Leverenz
Keyword(s):  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
The Scarlet Letter

Pearl: 1850–1955

PMLA ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 72 (4-Part-1) ◽  
pp. 689-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Garlitz
Keyword(s):  
Moral Order ◽  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
The Scarlet Letter ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Goodness ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
Moral Indifference ◽  
The One ◽  
Good And Evil

Pearl would seem to be the most enigmatic child in literature. Soon after The Scarlet Letter was published in 1850 Pearl was called both “an imbodied angel from the skies” and “a void little demon,” and time produced no unanimity of opinion. In the past hundred years she has been variously described as “most artificial and unchildlike,” and as possessing “the natural bloom… of childhood,” as a creature “of moral indifference, as one not born into the moral order,” and as an illustration of “that law which visits the sins of the fathers upon the children.” For some critics she performs the function of “a symbolized conscience,” but for others she is simply “a darksome fairy” or “the one touch of color in a sombre picture.” To one writer she typifies “a disordered nature torn by a malignant conflict between the forces of good and evil,” but to another she is an example of Rousseauian natural goodness. In the past five years Pearl has been found a symbol both of “unnatural isolation” from society and of the organicism of nature as opposed to the mechanism of society, a symbol both of the id and of “man's hopeful future.” Several critics have called Pearl a child of nature, but to one she is a symbol of wild uncivilized nature outside the realm of grace, to another an example of prelapsarian innocence, and to a third “an object of natural beauty, a flower,” and like nature, amoral, “not good or bad, because… not responsible.” Criticism of Pearl almost forces one to conclude that her character is an unfathomable maze, or of such an involved richness that it can become all things to all men.

The Scarlet Letter of the Law: A Place for Shaming Punishments in Arizona

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lee Dynes ◽  
Henry Edward Whitmer
Keyword(s):  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
The Scarlet Letter ◽  
The Law
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