scholarly journals Development and validation of a professional ethics scale for pre-service teachers

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-298
Author(s):  
Sevinc Gelmez Burakgazi ◽  
İclal Can
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Structure Study ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Item Scale

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to investigate Turkish pre-service teachers' perceptions of professional ethics in teaching. This survey research consisted of two studies. In study 1, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed in SPSS 23 in order to investigate the scale’s factorial structure. Study 1 involved a convenience sample of 220 senior pre-service teachers studying at two Turkish public universities. The EFA yielded a single factor structure which accounted for 39.36% of the total variance and included 43 items. In study 2, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted in LISREL 9.30 to test and confirm the uni-dimensional structure of the 43-item scale obtained in study 1 on a data set of 724 participants from four public universities. Overall, the results prove that this 43-item scale is a valid and reliable tool to test pre-service teachers’ perceptions of professional ethics.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of the Negative Attitudes towards CBT Scale

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary J. Parker ◽  
Glenn Waller
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Internal States ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Item Scale

Background:Clinicians commonly fail to use cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) adequately, but the reasons for such omissions are not well understood.Aims:The objective of this study was to create and validate a measure to assess clinicians’ attitudes towards CBT – the Negative Attitudes towards CBT Scale (NACS).Method:The participants were 204 clinicians from various mental healthcare fields. Each completed the NACS, measures of anxiety and self-esteem, and a measure of therapists’ use of CBT and non-CBT techniques and their confidence in using those techniques. Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the factor structure of the NACS, and scale internal consistency was tested.Results:A single, 16-item scale emerged from the factor analysis of the NACS, and that scale had good internal consistency. Clinicians’ negative attitudes and their anxiety had different patterns of association with the use of CBT and other therapeutic techniques.Conclusions:The findings suggest that clinicians’ attitudes and emotions each need to be considered when understanding why many clinicians fail to deliver the optimum version of evidence-based CBT. They also suggest that training effective CBT clinicians might depend on understanding and targeting such internal states.

An exploratory factor analysis of HONOS-LD scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Rai Turton
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Competencies ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Oblimin Rotation ◽  
Cognitive Competencies ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Item Scale

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify clinically meaningful groups of Health of the Nation Scales Learning Disabilities (HONOS-LD) single-item scales that might be used as short scales that are more reliable than single-item scale scores and more focused than the sum of scale scores. The single-item scales are likely to be unreliable in many applications. The sum of scale scores is a heterogeneous measure that is not a good representative of any specific difficulties that people who have intellectual disabilities may have and the effects of interventions on any specific difficulties may be masked by fluctuations in the ratings of other scales. Design/methodology/approach A total of 2,109 pseudonymised complete HONOS-LD ratings were factor-analysed using principal factor extraction and oblimin rotation. Three-, four- and five-factor rotated patterns were examined. Findings Three factors that each have three or more strong loadings (≥|0.50|) were identified that jointly included 11 single-item scales: one representing problems with cognitive competencies, one representing depressive phenomena or other mood problems and one representing problems with social competencies. A weaker factor that represents behaviour that challenges services is indicated; it includes five single-item scales. Both the cognitive competencies and social competencies groups of items were also reported in a previous study by Skelly and D’Antonio (2008) and may be stable. The present study’s factor representing behavioural difficulty has some similarity to Skelly and D’Antonio’s “functional behaviour and attachment disturbance” group. In other respects, the present study and the previous study differ. Research limitations/implications The outcomes of these factor analyses indicate that some of the single-item scales can be combined into groups. However, the specific groups found in this study must be regarded as possibly unstable because of the likelihood of weak inter-rater reliability in HONOS-LD data and differences between this analysis and Skelly and D’Antonio’s. Further research is needed to support or modify them. Practical implications The cognitive competence and social competence groups of items may be used as subscales if they are convenient. The groups representing mood and behavioural problems should be supported by further research before being used. Originality/value This is the second published factor analysis of the HONOS-LD and includes a much larger data set than the first. It has some similarities to and differences from the first and is a further step in the process of identifying useful groupings of HONOS-LD single-item scales.

scholarly journals Factor Analysis of the CES-D 12 among a Community Sample of Black Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 155798831983410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie B. Adams ◽  
Nisha Gottfredson ◽  
Alexandra F. Lightfoot ◽  
Giselle Corbie-Smith ◽  
Carol Golin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Latent Factors ◽  
D 12 ◽  
Item Scale

The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale is one of the most widely used measures for assessing depression in population-based research. Little is known about the varying range of symptomatology expressed by Black men, who report higher chronicity and disability of their depressive symptoms compared to men of other racial and ethnic backgrounds. This study assessed the dimensional structure of the CES-D 12-item scale using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in a community-based sample of Black men ( n = 683). Two latent factors emerged from the scale that best fit the data: interpersonal negative affect (INA) and diminished positive affect (DPA). The item “I felt like everything I did was an effort” was removed from the final measure, resulting in an 11-item scale. The total score for the revised CES-D-11 displayed acceptable internal consistency on both latent factors (Cronbach’s α = 0.83 [INA] and 0.73 [DPA]) and model fit (χ2 = 165.58, TLI = 0.967, CFI = 0.974, RMSEA = 0.065). Results differ from CES-D factor analyses in other demographic groups, including studies with other male subpopulations, such that depressed mood and interpersonal problems factors are merged as a unidimensional construct. Findings suggest that the “effort” item from the CES-D 12 should be interpreted with caution among Black men. Future studies should continue to disentangle the divergent pathways in which Black men express depressed mood.

The Application and Misapplication of Factor Analysis in Marketing Research

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Number Of Factors

The use of factor analysis as a method for examining the dimensional structure of data is contrasted with its frequent misapplication as a tool for identifying clusters and segments. Procedures for determining when a data set is appropriate for factoring, for determining the number of factors to extract, and for rotation are discussed.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Questionnaire on COVID-19 (KAP COVID-19)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7493
Author(s):  
Da-In Park
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Antiviral Agent ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Given its highly contagious nature and an absence of a specific antiviral agent to this date, the key to controlling the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and decreasing the infection rate is adherence to preventive measures. It is essential to understand an individual’s knowledge, attitudes and practices toward COVID-19 since public adherence to health guidelines relies heavily on these aspects. However, there is no validated instrument that evaluates knowledge, attitudes and practices toward COVID-19. Thus, this study aimed to develop and validate such tool. A questionnaire was developed based on international and national guidelines and a review of the literature. Initial items were evaluated by 10 experts to determine content validity. Exploratory factor analysis and reliability testing were conducted with a convenience sample of 229 nursing students. Based on the content, face validity and factor analysis, 34 items were selected. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of 0.735 indicated a highly acceptable score with a significant Bartlett’s test of sphericity (p < 0.0001). The internal consistency coefficients indicated acceptable reliability of the tool (Cronbach’s α = 0.75). The KAP COVID-19 is a valid instrument that can be used to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices toward COVID-19.

Development and Validation of the Perception of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose Scale in Insulin-Treated Patients With Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Johanna Hortensius ◽  
Hubertus J.M. Vrijhoef ◽  
Klaas H. Groenier ◽  
Aart Pool ◽  
Nanne Kleefstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Perception Of Self ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Item Scale

Background and Purpose: The Perception of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (P-SMBG) scale was developed and validated to assess perceptions of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in insulin-treated patients with diabetes. Method: An initial 68-item version of the P-SMBG has been evaluated by a panel of professionals and patients. A sample of 375 patients tested the revised scale. Results: Factor analysis suggested a 19-item scale and a 2-factor structure, separating negatively and positively worded items. Cronbach’s alpha was .84 and .72, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was .66 and .57, respectively for both factors. Item–total correlations were in the range of .23–.66. Convergent/divergent validity was confirmed for the negatively worded items. Conclusions: The final P-SMBG scale (21 items) can be used to assess positive and negative perceptions of SMBG in insulin-treated patients with diabetes.

scholarly journals Further Examination of the Organizational Culture Scale of Artifacts

2009 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 827-834
Author(s):  
Tomas Bonavia ◽  
J. Gabriel Molina ◽  
Joan Boada
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Split Sample ◽  
Method Effects ◽  
Sample Support ◽  
Unidimensional Structure ◽  
Item Scale

The construct validity of a 10-item scale oriented to measure traditional culture, the Organizational Culture Scale of Artifacts, was analyzed under the hypothesis of unidimensionality. Confirmatory factor analysis took into account the method effects associated with reverse-worded items. Based on the data from one-half of a sample of 926 participants (79.8% male; M age = 33.4 yr., SD = 12.8), working in different companies supported a unidimensional structure, with the elimination of two items from the scale. The resulting 8-item scale was reanalyzed, this time with the second half of the split sample. Support was found for the scale's unidimensionality with this second data set.

Gender Stereotype News in Context of the Ethnicity: Scale Development and Validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Spring 2019) ◽  
pp. 79-100
Author(s):  
Syed Hassan Raza ◽  
Lubna Zaheer ◽  
Moneeba Iftikhar
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Scale Validation ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Scale Development And Validation ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
The One ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Item Scale

The ongoing development of gender stereotype news research calls for developing an instrument to tap into the ethnicity context. This study analyzes the gender stereotype news in the context of the ethnicity to develop and validate the scale. The deductive method of item generation has been employed in the study. In total three studies were conducted. The first study is based on the 12 experts’ ratings of the items for the content and constructs validity. A survey of (N = 227) was conducted in January to February 2017 for the second study for the scale construction and inter-item consistency, reliability and factor analysis were analyzed. For the third study, a survey of (N = 222) was conducted for the scale validation and convergent and criterion-related validity were analyzed. Based on the findings of experts all 14 items were retained, however, one item was deleted in the result of the factor analysis. To analyze convergent validity, we used the accurate depiction of facts (AF) as a predictor of gender stereotype news. While the one possible outcome of media believability (MB), was used to measure criterion-related validity. The findings suggest proposing the final 13-item scale of the gender stereotype news in the context of ethnicity (GSN).

scholarly journals Centrality of Religiosity, Attitude towards Christianity and Post-Critical Belief: Comparing Three Measures of Religiosity

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Riegel
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Protestant Church ◽  
Moderate Negative Correlation ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One

The Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS), the Francis Scale of Attitude towards Christianity (FAC) and the Post-Critical Belief Scale (PCB) are three prominent measures of religiosity. Comparing the three measures on theoretical grounds, one may assume that high religiosity (CRS) is linked to both a strong attitude towards Christianity (FAC) and to orthodoxy (PCB), while no religiosity (CRS) may be associated with both a low expressed attitude towards Christianity (FAC) and external critique (PCB). This paper examines that assumption on the basis of a convenience sample of N = 4.396 participants that filled in an online questionnaire (age: M = 47; SD = 15.90; 47% females; denomination: 1226 Roman-Catholics, 2369 Protestants, and 801 participants that have left the Roman Catholic or Protestant church). Factor analysis supports the one-dimensional structure of CRS and FAC. Exploratory factor analysis reconstructs the two-dimensional structure of PCB. There is a very high positive correlation between CRS and FAC (r = 0.92), indicating that CRS and FAC measure the same issue within a Christian context. Moreover, CRS and external critique of PCB correlate heavily negatively (r = −0.83). Finally, there is a very moderate negative correlation between CRS and relativism (r = −0.26). Multiple regression analysis reveals that both factors predict much of CRS (R2 = 0.75) or FAC (R2 = 0.83), while age and gender are of minor impact. Region, education, and income do not predict the outcome of CRS or FAC at all. This result will be discussed.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of Fear of Relapse Scale for Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Khatibi ◽  
Nahid Moradi ◽  
Naghmeh Rahbari ◽  
Taranom Salehi ◽  
Mohsen Dehghani
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Item Scale ◽  
Report Measure

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a potentially debilitating chronic disease in most cases diagnosed after an acute relapse and characterized by the occurrence of relapse in most patients. Due to the unknown course of the disease patients in early phases must deal with the stress of anticipation of a relapse and unpredictable consequences of that relapse. Objective: This is the first effort to develop a self-report measure of Fear of Relapse (FoR) in patients with Relapsing-Remitting (RR) MS. Methods: A 31- item scale was created from in-depth clinical interviews with 33 RRMS patients. This scale was completed by 168 RRMS patients (51 patients completed the scale one more time a month later) who completed the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) as well. Results: A factor analysis revealed three components, and five items failed to load on any of them. The final version of the scale consisted of 26 items. Two-components solution factor analysis after pooling the FoR items once with DASS items and once with IUS items revealed independency of the FoR from previously developed scales. Cronbach’s Alpha was equal to 0.92. Test-retest reliability for total score was equal to 0.74 (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: The FoR scale proved to be a highly reliable and valid measure in RRMS patients and application of that in future studies trying to create a psychological profile of patients at earlier stages of the disease can help researchers and clinicians to have a more comprehensive image.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document