scholarly journals Creating a normative database of age-specific 3D geometrical data, bone density, and bone thickness of the developing skull: a pilot study

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Delye ◽  
Tim Clijmans ◽  
Maurice Yves Mommaerts ◽  
Jos Vnder Sloten ◽  
Jan Goffin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Skull Bone ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
3D Measurements ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Skull Thickness

OBJECT Finite element models (FEMs) of the head are used to study the biomechanics of traumatic brain injury and depend heavily on the use of accurate material properties and head geometry. Any FEM aimed at investigating traumatic head injury in children should therefore use age-specific dimensions of the head, as well as age-specific material properties of the different tissues. In this study, the authors built a database of age-corrected skull geometry, skull thickness, and bone density of the developing skull to aid in the development of an age-specific FEM of a child’s head. Such a database, containing age-corrected normative skull geometry data, can also be used for preoperative surgical planning and postoperative long-term follow-up of craniosynostosis surgery results. METHODS Computed tomography data were processed for 187 patients (age range 0–20 years old). A 3D surface model was calculated from segmented skull surfaces. Skull models, reference points, and sutures were processed into a MATLAB-supported database. This process included automatic calculation of 2D measurements as well as 3D measurements: length of the coronal suture, length of the lambdoid suture, and the 3D anterior-posterior length, defined as the sum of the metopic and sagittal suture. Skull thickness and skull bone density calculations were included. RESULTS Cephalic length, cephalic width, intercoronal distance, lateral orbital distance, intertemporal distance, and 3D measurements were obtained, confirming the well-established general growth pattern of the skull. Skull thickness increases rapidly in the first year of life, slowing down during the second year of life, while skull density increases with a fast but steady pace during the first 3 years of life. Both skull thickness and density continue to increase up to adulthood. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of normative data on 2D and 3D measurements, skull bone thickness, and skull bone density for children aged 0–20 years. This database can help build an age-specific FEM of a child’s head. It can also help to tailor preoperative virtual planning in craniosynostosis surgery toward patient-specific normative target values and to perform objective long-term follow-up in craniosynostosis surgery.

Preservation and Clinical Study on Involved Teeth with Jaw Cyst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Niu ◽  
Qing-ling Li ◽  
Yong-gang Tang ◽  
Jing-jing Lv ◽  
Li-song Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Tooth Pulp ◽  
Root Canal Therapy ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Jaw Cyst ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Apical Area

Abstract Background To assess the efficacy of modified surgery in the preservation of tooth pulp affected by jaw cyst. Methods Fifty-four impacted teeth in 16 cases of jaw cyst treated by our department were selected between September 2015 and October 2016. We observed the pulps' activity in the involved teeth and the efficacy of surgery. Results Out of 54 impacted teeth in 16 patients, after 12-24 months’ follow-up,45 affected teeth recovered well, whereas nine teeth showed adverse symptoms such as redness and swelling in the apical area, fistula, and pain. These symptoms resolved after postoperative root canal therapy. Chewing function was restored well. The bone cavity gradually reduced and finally disappeared, and bone density returned to normal after long-term follow-up. ConclusionPreservation of the involved tooth pulp for the treatment of jaw cyst by performing an improved operation method was effective.

Forearm bone density in primary hyperparathyroidism: long-term follow-up with and without parathyroidectomy

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sudhaker Rao ◽  
Elizabeth A. Wallace ◽  
Rosella F. Antonelli ◽  
Gary B. Talpos ◽  
Mohammed R. Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Forearm Bone

Bone crestal height and bone density after third-molar extraction and grafting: a long-term follow-up study

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etiene Andrade Munhoz ◽  
Augusto Bodanezi ◽  
Osny Ferreira Junior ◽  
José Mauro Granjeiro
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Third Molar Extraction ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Molar Extraction

scholarly journals TOTAL MANDIBULAR DEFECT RECONSTRUCTION BY TOTAL TITANIUM PATIENT-SPECIFIC IMPLANT: CLINICAL EFFICACY AND LONG TERM FOLLOW UP. CLINICAL CASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 1037-1041
Author(s):  
Denis M. Chernohorskyi ◽  
Yuriy V. Chepurnyi ◽  
Oleksandr A. Kanyura ◽  
Andriy V. Kopchak
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Mandibular Defect

The aim of this clinical case in demonstrating the possibility of replacing total defect of the mandible with a patient specific implant and the result of long-term follow up. Literature data on the replacement of total mandibular defects are extremely limited and they are presented by only several clinical cases where various surgical approaches were used. In the available literature, there are two approaches to solving this problem, including the replacement of the jaw with vascularised bone grafts, of which the fibula flap is the most promising, and the implantation of endoprostheses of the jaws, of which patient-specific anatomical endoprostheses made using additive technologies are the most advanced. The concept of using patient-specific endoprostheses of the whole mandible is considered revolutionary because it has a number of significant benefits, including the greatest accuracy in restoring the anatomical shape of the mandible. One of the unresolved problems associated with the installation of total mandibular endoprostheses is the prosthetic rehabilitation of patients using fixed structures. The analysis of the presented case can be a good tool for the clinician and bioengineer while making the final decision on the treatment method and modality in patients who need an identical option for the repair of a mandibular defect. Based on CT data, we can conclude that the employed approach, methodology of design and manufacture of patient-specific titanium mandibular endoprosthesis for the total defect demonstrated the sufficient efficacy, which suggest the need for further systematic studies to address this issue.

The Biomechanical Effect of Bone Grafting and Bone Graft Remodeling in Patients With Anterior Shoulder Instability

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1857-1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Sigrist ◽  
Stephen Ferguson ◽  
Elisabeth Boehm ◽  
Christian Jung ◽  
Markus Scheibel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Shoulder Instability ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Anterior Shoulder Instability ◽  
Cavity Depth ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Biomechanical Effect

Background: Individual constitutional differences in glenoid shape and bone remodeling require a patient-specific and longitudinal approach to evaluate the biomechanical effects of glenoid bone grafting in patients with anterior shoulder instability. Purpose: To quantify the longitudinal, in vivo, biomechanical effects of bone grafting, bone graft remodeling, and glenoid shape in patients with anterior shoulder instability by means of patient-specific finite element models. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: In total, 25 shoulders of 24 patients with anterior shoulder instability and anterior glenoid bone loss underwent an arthroscopic iliac crest bone graft transfer (ICBGT) procedure with either autologous or allogenic bone. Patient-specific finite element simulations based on preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up computed tomography scans were used to quantify the bone-mediated stability ratio (SR) and the distance to dislocation. Additionally, the relationship between glenoid morphological parameters and the SR was assessed. Results: The ICBGT procedure significantly increased the SR and distance to dislocation in the 2-, 3-, and 4-o’clock directions immediately after the surgical intervention ( P < .01) in both the autograft and the allograft groups. Although the SR and distance to dislocation decreased subsequently, autografts showed long-term effects on SR and dislocation distance in the 3-o’clock direction ( P < .01) and on SR in the 4-o’clock direction ( P < .01). Allografts showed no significant effect on SR and dislocation distance in long-term follow-up ( P > .05). Overall, glenoid retroversion as well as cavity depth predicted stability in all 4 dislocation directions, with glenoid cavity depth showing the highest correlation coefficients ( R = 0.71, 0.8, 0.73, and 0.7 for 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-o’clock, respectively). Conclusion: The autologous ICBGT procedure biomechanically improved anterior shoulder stability in long-term follow-up, whereas the use of allografts did not show any bone-mediated biomechanical effect at follow-up due to resorption. Furthermore, in addition to measurements of defect extent, the glenoid depth and version seem to be useful parameters to determine the biomechanical effect and need for glenoid bone grafting in patients with shoulder instability. Clinical Relevance: This study proposes the use of autologous bone grafts for a successful long-term stabilization effect. Additionally, this study proposes additional glenoid morphological measures to predict shoulder stability.

scholarly journals MRI-based patient-specific human carotid atherosclerotic vessel material property variations in patients, vessel location and long-term follow up

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. e0180829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyu Wang ◽  
Gador Canton ◽  
Jian Guo ◽  
Xiaoya Guo ◽  
Thomas S. Hatsukami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Property ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Vessel Material ◽  
Human Carotid

scholarly journals Gastritis: An Update in 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-503
Author(s):  
Massimo Rugge ◽  
Kentaro Sugano ◽  
Diana Sacchi ◽  
Marta Sbaraglia ◽  
Peter Malfertheiner
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Abstract Purpose of review The gastritis constellation includes heterogeneous clinicopathological entities, among which long-standing, non-self-limiting gastritis, mainly due to Helicobacter pylori infection, has been epidemiologically, biologically, and clinically linked to gastric cancer development (i.e. “inflammation-associated cancer”). This review illustrates the updated criteria applied in the taxonomy of gastritis (Kyoto classification), elucidates the biological rationale for endoscopy biopsy sampling (heterogeneity of gastric mucosa), and finally reports the results of long-term follow-up studies supporting the reliability of biopsy-based gastritis staging as predictor of gastritis-associated cancer risk. Recent findings By assuming gastric atrophy as the “cancerization field” where (non-syndromic) gastric cancer mostly develops, recent long-term follow-up studies consistently demonstrate the prognostic impact of the gastritis OLGA staging system. Summary Helicobacter pylori eradication is the leading strategy in the primary prevention of gastric cancer. In a multidisciplinary dimension of secondary cancer prevention, the OLGA staging system reliably ranks the patient-specific cancer risk, thus providing the clinical rationale for a tailored follow-up strategy.

scholarly journals First case of fetal goitrous hypothyroidism due to SLC5A5/NIS mutations

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (5) ◽  
pp. K1-K5
Author(s):  
Athanasia Stoupa ◽  
Ghada Al Hage Chehade ◽  
Dulanjalee Kariyawasam ◽  
Celine Tohier ◽  
Christine Bole-Feysot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Iodide Uptake ◽  
First Case ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Exon 1

Background: Among patients with congenital hypothyroidism, 35% have dyshormonogenesis (DH) with thyroid gland in situ with or without goiter. The majority of DH cases are due to mutations in genes involved in thyroid hormone production as TG, TPO, SLC5A5/NIS, SLC26A4/PDS, IYD/DEHAL1, DUOX2, and DUOXA2, and are usually inherited on an autosomal recessive basis. Most previously reported cases of fetal hypothyroidism and goiter were related to TG or TPO mutations and recently DUOXA2. Patient: In a male patient with antenatal goiter treated with intraamniotic levothyroxine injections, whose long-term follow-up is described in detail, two novel NIS mutations were detected. Mutations of NIS were located in exon 1 (c.52G>A, p.G18R) and exon 13 (c.1546C>T, p.R516X), each mutation was inherited from parents, who are healthy carriers. The p.G18R mutation affecting the first transmembrane domain of the protein can be responsible for deficient iodide uptake. However, the second is a nonsense mutation leading probably to mRNA degradation. In addition, the patient has undergone a thyroidectomy and we have studied the thyroid tissue. The thyroid histology showed heterogeneity with large follicles, epithelial hyperplasia and many areas of fibrosis. Immunohistochemistry with NIS specific antibody showed NIS staining at the basolateral plasma membrane of the thyrocytes. Conclusions: We report the first case of fetal goitrous hypothyroidism due to two novel NIS mutations with access to thyroid tissue of the patient, specific histology studies and long-term follow-up. This case expands our knowledge and provides further insights on molecular causes of fetal goiter in humans.

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